浙江大学环境与资源学院

浙江大学环境与资源学院下设环境科学系、环境工程系、资源科学系,拥有环境影响评价研究室、环境科学研究所、环境污染控制技术研究所、环境保护研究所、环境工程研究所、环境生态工程研究所、土水资源与环境研究所、农业化学研究所、农业遥感与信息技术应用研究所等9个研究机     

金坛市后阳化工园区环境管理的实践

后阳化工园区是一个面积仅为34 hm^2、由18家精细化工生产企业组成的化工集中区。该化工园区通过建立环境管理机构、环保自律制度、自治巡查组、技术指导组等手段,采取严格入园条件、清污全面分流、废气全面吸收、环境全面整治等环境管理措施,促进了环境与经济的协调发展,为探索小型化工集中区的环境管理提供了有益的尝试。     

环境风险全过程管理机制研究

中国突发性环境污染事件已进入高发期.结合中国环境风险控制的要求,针对环境风险发生的3个阶段(事前预防、事中响应、事后处置)从环境风险源、控制管理机制、环境风险受体3个因素人手,在环境风险源管理、区域环境安全规划、环境风险应急管理、环境污染事后评估与环境修复等4个环节搭建环境风险管理长效机制,建立环境风险全过程管理体系.     

论基于EGIS平台的放射源管理系统的开发

放射源管理系统是一种基于环境地理信息系统平台的资源管理系统,是GIS技术与环境监测技术、环境管理技术、数据库技术等各种环境信息分析和处理技术的集成。系统为环保部门提供了一个功能强大的空间信息服务和管理工具,可以直观、方便地获取放射源的监控、管理等数据信息,为环境管理部门的决策提供依据。     

环境自动监测技术综述

环境自动监测包括大气自动监测、水质自动监测、噪声自动监测等。环境自动监测技术从技术结构上包括了自动控制技术、传感器技术、模拟与数字信号转换技术、信息编码与传输、数据库管理、信息平台发布六个部分。文中从环境自动监测的内容组成、环境自动监测技术系统构成、性能特点等方面,对国内的环境自动监测技术进行了探讨,提出了在自动监测系统建设中须注意的一些问题。     

阿特拉津在土壤中的环境行为研究进展

概述了阿特拉津在土壤中的迁移、降解及其对植物的影响等环境行为,阐述了土壤组成、土壤pH值以及温度、湿度等因素对各种环境行为过程的影响,并结合目前国内外的研究现状,提出了阿特拉津环境行为新的研究方向。     

环境保护部等四部委联合发布《企业环境信用评价办法(试行)》

正环境保护部有关负责人2014年1月2日向媒体通报,环境保护部近日会同国家发改委、人民银行、银监会联合发布了《企业环境信用评价办法(试行)》(以下简称(《办法》),指导各地开展企业环境信用评价,督促企业履行环保法定义务和社会责任,约束和惩戒企业环境失信行为。企业环境信用评价,是指环保部门根据企业环境行为信息,按照规定的指标、方法和程序,对企业遵守环保法律法规、履行环保社会责任等方面的实际表现,进行环境信用评价,确定其信用等级,并向社会公开,供公众监督和有关部门、金融等机构应用的环境管理手段。开展企业环境     

浙江大学环境与资源学院

<正>浙江大学环境与资源学院下设环境科学系、环境工程系、资源科学系,拥有环境影响评价研究室、环境科学研究所、环境污染控制技术研究所、环境保护研究所、环境工程研究所、环境生态工程研究所、土水资源与环境研究所、农业化学研究所、农业遥感与信息技术应用研究所等9个研究机构。现有国家级重点二级学科3个、浙江省重     

《环境污染与防治》增刊2012年度征稿启事

为加强弘扬先进的环境文化、发展环境科学、探讨环境理论、促进环境保护工作,更好地满足浙江省环保系统环境管理、环境科研等方面的交流需求,并为广大环保系统人员发表论文提供更大空间,本刊特定于2012年5月出版增刊一期。征稿范围为:环境管理、环境污染治理技     

污染物与蒙脱石层间域的界面反应及其环境意义

系统地评述了无视、有机阳离子、农药分子、细菌等环境污染物在蒙脱石层间域中的吸附、脱附、氧化还原、催化降解等界面反应机理，并指出它们的环境化学行为对环境的影响和意义。     

Removal of fenhexamid and pyrimethanil from aqueous solutions by clays and organoclays

The ability of a sodium montmorillonite (CLONa) and two commercial available organoclays having interlayer organic cations possessing different functional groups (CLO20A and CLO30B) was investigated for adsorbing two pesticides namely fenexamid (FEX) and pyrimethanyl (PMT). The two organoclays displayed a higher affinity with the pesticides than the unmodified clay, but the improvement in adsorption capacity varied according to the characteristics of the pesticide and the interlayer organic cation. FEX was adsorbed to a greater extent than PMT by both organoclays, which may be due to the higher hydrophobicity of FEX thereby indicating considerable hydrophobic interaction between the adsorbent/adsorbate systems. Our findings may find application in the removal of water-soluble pesticides from aquifers.     

大洋锰结核在环境污染治理方面的应用

大洋锰结核能够有效分解转化气体污染物(如CO、CH、VOC、NOx、SO2);能够吸附水体中的Cu、CO、Ni、Mn、Zn、Cr、Hg、Pb、As等重金属阳离子和PO4^3-、SeO3^2-等阴离子;可做生物固定化载体除去水体中的有机污染物。大洋锰结核具有良好的环境矿物学属性,是一种理想的环境矿物材料,为环境治理提供了新的方向。     

Methidathion complexes with homoionic and surfactant-modified montmorillonites

The formation of the insecticide methidathion (S-[(5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) complexes with inorganic cation-saturated (Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, and Ni2+) montmorillonites was investigated. The nature and structure of the complexes was determined by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The arrangement of the pesticide molecule in the interlayer space was also considered from ab initio calculations using simpler related molecules. The insecticide methidathion penetrated the interlayer spaces of the homoionic clay samples. The ligand-cation interactions in these complexes depend on the nature and characteristics of the saturating cations. Mechanisms involving water bridges and direct coordination with the exchange cation were proposed for the adsorption of methidathion by inorganic cation-saturated montmorillonites. The effect of the inorganic cations on the sorption of the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA) by montmorillonite was also studied and the subsequent sorption of methidathion in TDTMA+-Montmorillonite determined. Van der Waals bonds constitute the methidathion adsorption mechanism by montmorillonite saturated with TDTMA+. The arrangements of methidathion and of the cationic surfactant molecules in the montmorillonite interlayer space were demonstrated.     

农药在蒙脱石层间域中的环境化学行为

蒙脱石矿物是土壤中比表面积大、分布很广的一种粘土矿物,也是土壤中主要的活性组份之一。本文系统地评述了农药分子在蒙脱石层间域中的吸附、脱附、氧化还原、催化降解等反应机理,并指出它们的环境化学行为对环境的影响和意义     

Preparations of organobentonite using nonionic surfactants

Due to hydrophilic environment at its surface, natural bentonite is an ineffective sorbent for nonpolar nonionic organic compounds in water even though it has high surface area. The surface properties of natural bentonite can be greatly modified by simple ion-exchange reactions with large organic cations (cationic surfactants) and this organobentonite is highly effective in removing nonionic organic compounds from water. Cationic surfactant derived organobentonites have been investigated extensively for a wide variety of environmental applications. In this study, the preparation of organobentonite using nonionic surfactants has been investigated for the first time. Results indicate that nonionic surfactants intercalates into the interlamellar space of bentonite and may demonstrate higher sorption capacity than cationic surfactant. It is possible to create large interlayer spacing and high organic carbon content organobentonite by use of nonionic surfactants with suitable balance between the hydrocarbon and ethylene oxide chain lengths. In addition, nonionic surfactant derived organobentonites are more chemically stable than cationic surfactant derived organobentonites.     

Methidathion Complexes with Homoionic and Surfactant-Modified Montmorillonites

Abstract

The formation of the insecticide methidathion (S-[(5-methoxy-2-oxo-1,3,4-thiadiazol-3(2H)-yl)methyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphorodithioate) complexes with inorganic cation-saturated (Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Cu²⁺, and Ni²⁺) montmorillonites was investigated. The nature and structure of the complexes was determined by X-ray diffraction and infrared spectroscopy. The arrangement of the pesticide molecule in the interlayer space was also considered from ab initio calculations using simpler related molecules. The insecticide methidathion penetrated the interlayer spaces of the homoionic clay samples. The ligand–cation interactions in these complexes depend on the nature and characteristics of the saturating cations. Mechanisms involving water bridges and direct coordination with the exchange cation were proposed for the adsorption of methidathion by inorganic cation-saturated montmorillonites. The effect of the inorganic cations on the sorption of the cationic surfactant tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TDTMA) by montmorillonite was also studied and the subsequent sorption of methidathion in TDTMA⁺-Montmorillonite determined. Van der Waals bonds constitute the methidathion adsorption mechanism by montmorillonite saturated with TDTMA⁺. The arrangements of methidathion and of the cationic surfactant molecules in the montmorillonite interlayer space were demostrated.     

环境水体微污染有机物及其去除技术研究进展

水体有机污染物因其生物毒性对人体健康和生态环境造成了严重的危害。随着环保技术的发展,高浓度有机污染物已得到很好的去除。检测水平的不断提高使微量有机污染物日益受到广泛关注。为了深入地研究微污染有机物及其去除技术,对微污染有机物的种类、性质和危害进行了详细阐述,并综述了国内外生物法、膜处理技术、高级氧化技术、吸附技术对微污染有机物的去除效果,总结了各种技术的优缺点。     

Time and pH-dependent sorption of the veterinary antimicrobial sulfathiazole to clay minerals and ferrihydrite

Substantial amounts of sulfonamides, ionizable, polar veterinary antimicrobials, may reach the environment by spreading of manure. Sorption to soils and sediments is a crucial but not sufficiently understood process influencing the environmental fate of sulfonamides. Therefore, we investigated sorption of sulfathiazole to clay minerals (montmorillonite, illite) and ferrihydrite for varying pH values and two contact times (1d, 14 d) under sterile conditions. Results were compared to sulfathiazole sorption to organic sorbents. Sulfathiazole sorption to inorganic sorbents exhibited pronounced pH dependence consistent with sorbate speciation and sorbent charge properties. While sulfathiazole cations were most important for sorption to clay minerals, followed by neutral species, ferrihydrite was a specific anion sorbent, showing significant sorption only between pH 5.5-7. Experiments revealed a substantial increase of sorption with time for ferrihydrite (pH 5.5-7) and illite (pH<5.5). Reasons may be disaggregation of clay minerals and, for ferrihydrite, diffusion and sorption of sulfathiazole in micropores. Independent of contact time and pH, sorption to inorganic sorbents was more than an order of magnitude lower than to organic sorbents. This implies that in many topsoils and sediments inorganic sorbents play a minor role. Our results highlight the need to account for contact time and speciation when predicting sulfonamide sorption in the environment.     

Using biochar for remediation of soils contaminated with heavy metals and organic pollutants

Soil contamination with heavy metals and organic pollutants has increasingly become a serious global environmental issue in recent years. Considerable efforts have been made to remediate contaminated soils. Biochar has a large surface area, and high capacity to adsorb heavy metals and organic pollutants. Biochar can potentially be used to reduce the bioavailability and leachability of heavy metals and organic pollutants in soils through adsorption and other physicochemical reactions. Biochar is typically an alkaline material which can increase soil pH and contribute to stabilization of heavy metals. Application of biochar for remediation of contaminated soils may provide a new solution to the soil pollution problem. This paper provides an overview on the impact of biochar on the environmental fate and mobility of heavy metals and organic pollutants in contaminated soils and its implication for remediation of contaminated soils. Further research directions are identified to ensure a safe and sustainable use of biochar as a soil amendment for remediation of contaminated soils.     

Models for estimating organic emissions from building materials: Formaldehyde example

One important source of chronic exposure to low levels of organic compounds in the indoor environment is emissions from building materials. Because removal of offending products may be costly or otherwise impractical, it is important that the emissions of organic pollutants be understood prior to incorporation of these materials into buildings. Once the organic pollutants of concern are identified, based on potential health effects and emission potential from the building material, it is necessary that an emission model be developed to predict the behavior of emission rates under various indoor conditions. Examples of the type of requirements that must be addressed in developing models for estimating organic emissions from building materials into the indoor environment are presented. Important factors include the products' characteristic source strengths at standard test conditions, impact of variations in environmental conditions (such as temperature and humidity), concentrations of the modeled organic pollutants in indoor environments and product ages. Ideally, emission models should have physical/chemical bases so that the important physical factors can be identified and their relative importance quantified. Although a universal model describing organic emissions from all building materials may not be feasible due to the tremendous variety of organic products and building materials in use, the most studied of the volatile organic compounds from building materials, formaldehyde, is used to illustrate an approach to the development of a specific model for organic emissions.