共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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聚丙烯酰胺类絮凝剂的制备及应用研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为了研究絮凝效果与絮凝剂分子结构的关系,实验中制备了聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)、阳离子化聚丙烯酰胺(CPAM)和部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(PHP),将其分别与FeCl3复配后处理钻井废水。实验探讨了絮凝剂的分子量、PHP的水解度及阳离子度对絮凝作用的影响。实验结果表明:PAM、CPAM、PHP与无机混凝剂复配使用处理钻井废水时,最佳分子量是500万,处理效果依次为PHP>PAM>CPAM。 相似文献
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废弃聚合物钻井液化学脱水处理技术的实验研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在分析废弃聚合物钻井液组成的基础上,对采用化学固液分离无害化处理方法进行了实验研究。以部分水解聚丙烯酰胺(HPAM)、聚电解质A为絮凝剂和混合酸为凝聚剂的复合絮凝剂配方,可以彻底破坏HPAM类型废弃钻井液的胶体体系,使废浆液絮凝脱水。通过3口井废钻井液样品的絮凝试验,加药剂后废浆液自然脱水率为25%~35%,13.3kPa压差下抽滤出水率为51%~60%,絮凝残渣无再造浆能力。 相似文献
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常用钻井液填加剂对钻井污水化学需氧量的影响 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
针对石油工业钻井污水化学需氧量(COD)严重超标的状况,从分析测定目前油田常用的8种钻井液添加剂的COD入手,探讨了钻井液添加剂对钻井污水的影响。实验结果表明:8种钻井液添加剂按油田现场配比复配后,对钻井污水COD的影响程度各不相同,其大小依次为:柴油、HPAN、磺化沥青、PAN、PAM-1、FA-367、XY-27、CMC;钻井污水中COD值严重超标的主要因素是钻井液添加剂;并且钻井液添加剂浓度与其对应的COD之间存在良好的一元线性关系。根据一元线性回归方程可较好地预测油田现场各钻井液添加剂对COD的影响,为解决钻井污水处理这一难题提供科学依据。 相似文献
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表面活性剂及酸处理对污泥脱水性能影响的研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
研究表面活性剂和酸处理对污泥脱水性能的影响,并探讨其作用机理。对采用最优加药量的各种加药方案进行了从污泥性质到脱水行为的一系列横向比较。污泥性质的比较依据为絮体颗粒的宏观(目测)和微观(光学和电子显微镜)变化以及在结合水含量(DSC法测)方面的变化。脱水行为的比较依据为过滤脱水速率(比阻)、离心脱水速率(1800rpm-2min离心后的泥饼含固率)、脱水程度(4800rpm~45min离心后的泥饼含固率)及脱水清液的性质(目测及测定SS、COD、TP)。实验结果表明:除了表面活性剂与Fe^3 和CaO联用外,投加表面活性剂或酸处理对提高污泥脱水速率的意义不大,但却能有效提高污泥的机械脱水程度。表面活性剂的作用机理是:分散作用使污泥絮体结构分散解体,释放出原絮体内部的结合水;增溶作用可溶解有高度水合作用的ECP。酸处理的作用机理是:H^ 与污泥的结合,改变了污泥的表面电荷特性,促进了污泥絮体间进一步的絮凝;使ECP水解,降低了絮体对水的亲和力。 相似文献
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针对化学混凝处理含油污泥中混凝剂投加量大而混凝效率较低的问题,通过实验研究了Cl-对混凝剂处理含油污泥絮凝效率的影响。实验中采用抽滤的方法来测定絮凝效率。实验结果表明Cl-是影响絮凝效率的重要因素,Cl-<10000mg/L时,Al2(SO4)3、PAC混凝效果较好,Cl->20000mg/L时,PAM的混凝效果较好。 相似文献
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文章围绕解决污泥脱水的问题,研究了污泥化学调质等各种因素对脱水效果的影响,调节了各运行参数之间的平衡,结果使污泥的脱水效果得到明显改善。 相似文献
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含油污泥减量化工艺试验及对比 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
文章针对含油污泥特性,对某油田两套在用含油污泥减量化工艺污泥浓缩罐+旋流器+卧式离心机与污泥浓缩罐+叠螺机开展对比试验,优选得出:最佳药剂为TH-03固态聚丙烯酰胺,其加药量为40mg/L时含油污泥脱水效果较好。综合考虑运行管理、运行效果和运行成本等因素,提出污泥浓缩罐+叠螺机工艺具有更广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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Determination of polyacrylamide (PAM) concentration in soil waters is important in improving the efficiency of PAM application and understanding the environmental fate of applied PAM. In this study, concentrations of anionic PAM with high molecular weight in soil waters containing salts and dissolved organic matter (DOM) were determined quantitatively by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) with ultraviolet (UV) absorbance detection. Polyacrylamide was separated from interferential salts and DOM on a polymeric gel column eluted with an aqueous solution of 0.05 M KH2PO4 and then detected at a short UV wavelength of 195 nm. Analysis of PAM concentrations in soil sorption supernatants, soil leachates, and water samples from irrigation furrow streams showed that SEC is an effective approach for quantifying low concentrations (0-10 mg L(-1)) of PAM in waters containing soil DOM and salts. The method has a lower detection limit of 0.02 microg and a linear response range of 0.2 to 80 mg L(-1). Precision studies gave coefficients of variation of < 1.96% (n = 4) for > 10 mg L(-1) PAM and < 12% (n = 3) for 0.2 to 3 mg L(-1) PAM. 相似文献
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用氯离子选择电极法测定油田废水中氯化物是一种新方法。通过电极响应平衡速度试验、干扰消除试验、方法适应性试验等,探讨了温度对能斯特斜率的影响;PH对测定值的影响;总离子强度调节缓冲溶液(TISAB)的选择。本方法分析速度快,测定浓度范围宽,操作简便,成本低,值得推广。 相似文献
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复合絮凝剂Al2(SO4)3+PAM处理生活污水中CODCr和浊度的实验研究 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
研究絮凝剂硫酸铝Al2(SO4)3与助凝剂聚丙烯酰胺(PAM)联合处理生活污水的效果。研究表明:Al2(SO4)3与PAM联用比单独用Al2(SO4)3处理生活污水效果更好;Al2(SO4)3 PAM对生活污水CODCr和浊度具有良好的去除能力;当投加1:1的50mg/L的Al2(SO4)3 0.5mg/L的PAM,调节水体pH=7时,处理效果最理想,CODCr去除率可达95.8%,浊度去除率可达97.5%。为复合絮凝剂Al2(SO4)3 PAM处理生活污水的应用提供了有价值的参考依据。 相似文献
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External loading of phosphorus (P) from agricultural surface discharge (tailwater) is the main cause of excessive algae growth and the eutrophication of the Salton Sea, California. Continuous polyacrylamide (PAM) applications to agricultural irrigation water inflows were evaluated as a means of reducing sediment and P in tailwater. Zero (control) and 1 mg L(-1) PAM (PAM1) treatments were compared at 17 Imperial Valley field sites. Five and 10 mg L(-1) PAM treatments (PAM5, PAM10) were conducted at one site. The particulate phosphorus (Pp) fraction was determined as the difference between total phosphorus (Pt) and the soluble phosphorus (Ps) fraction. We observed 73, 82, and 98% turbidity reduction with PAM1, PAM5, and PAM10 treatments. Although eight field sites had control tailwater sediment concentrations above the New River total maximum daily loads (TMDL), all but one were made compliant during their paired PAM1 treatments. While PAM1 and PAM10 reduced tail water Pp by 31 and 78%, none of the treatments tested reduced Ps. This may have been caused by high irrigation water Na concentrations which would reduce Ca adsorption and Ca-phosphate bridging on the PAM. The PAM1 treatments resulted in <0.5 mg L(-1) drain water polyacrylamide concentrations 1.6 km downstream of PAM addition, while PAM5 and PAM10 treatments produced > 2 mg L(-1) drain water polyacrylamide concentrations. We concluded that, although PAM practically eliminates Imperial Valley tailwater sediment loads, it does not effectively reduce tailwater Ps, the P fraction most responsible for the eutrophication of the Salton Sea. 相似文献