Transferrin, haematological indices and liver glycogen in field mice collected from a coal mining area and a control site in Poland

A polymorphism for serum transferrin in field mice from polluted and control sites was compared with body-morphological and haematological parameters, and with liver glycogen concentration. The distribution of genotypes in the polluted area was not panmictic, due to higher frequencies of the rare allele Trf(c) occurring mainly in males. In the polluted area, transferrin-c was accompanied by slowly migrating, Fe-binding protein fractions. Since the Trf(c)/Trf(c) homozygote possessed higher red blood cell parameters, it is suggested that these extra proteins have an Fe-transport function. The morpho-physiology of heterozygotes from the polluted area did not differ significantly from those from the control site. The animals from the polluted area possessed a high concentration of liver glycogen, indicative of poor environmental conditions. Also, a generally lower level of red blood cell parameters suggests that non-oxygenic processes dominate over oxygenic ones in the polluted area.     

水体中高氯酸盐（ClO-4）污染控制技术

系统介绍了现阶段水体中高氯酸盐(ClO4-)污染控制技术;分析了各种技术的优点与局限性;指出离子交换、生物降解与修复是目前处理水体中ClO4-的主要技术,认为探寻有效的组合处理工艺,开发更经济、高效的新处理技术,将是今后控制水体ClO4-污染的研究重点.     

Bioassays for the evaluation of reclaimed opencast coal mining areas

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - This study aimed to use bioassays (single and multispecies) with organisms from different trophic levels to assess soil quality in reclaimed coal...     

Blood markers among residents from a coal mining area

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coal extraction and processing generate environmental contamination, which has several negative impacts on human health. Hematological and biochemical...     

Crowding-out effect of coal industry investment in coal mining area: taking Shanxi province in China as a case

The rapid development of coal industry in Shanxi province in China has important effects on its economic development. A large amount of money has been invested into the coal industry and other related industries during the recent years. However, research on the investment effect of Shanxi’s coal industry was rare. In order to analyze the investment effect of coal industry, based on the crowding-out effect model, cointegration test, and the data available in Shanxi Statistical Yearbooks, this paper calculates the effect between coal industry investment and other 17 industry investment. The results show that the investment of coal industry produces crowding-out effect on food industry, building materials industry, and machinery industry. Increasing 1% of the coal industry investment can reduce 0.25% of the food industry investment, or 0.6% of building materials industry investment, or 0.52% of the machinery industry investment, which implies that Shanxi province should adjust coal industrial structure, promote the balance development of coal industry and other industries, so as to promote its economic growth.

     

采煤沉陷区耕地土壤微生物数量及酶活性的空间特征

通过野外调查和采样分析,研究了焦作矿区韩王矿沉陷区不同沉陷部位和不同深度耕地的土壤微生物数量及酶活性特征。研究结果表明:与对照区比较,沉陷区耕地土壤微生物数量、酶活性赋存特征及微生物类群组成比例发生了明显变化。沉陷区表层(0~5 cm)、上层(5~10 cm)、中层(10~20 cm)土壤微生物总数、细菌数量均明显减少,而下层(20~40 cm)土壤微生物总数、细菌、真菌、放线菌数量均明显升高。沉陷区表层、上层土壤细菌数量所占微生物总数比例分别降低了20.64%和13.17%,而放线菌数量所占比例分别升高了20.69%和12.66%。沉陷区表层土壤脲酶、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶活性分别降低了1.5%、17.5%、22.0%、35.3%、20.4%和5.4%。不同沉陷部位的土壤微生物数量及部分酶活性指标空间异质性显著(p0.05)。沉陷区土壤真菌、放线菌数量、蔗糖酶、磷酸酶、脱氢酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶活性较对照区均具有不同的垂向分布特征。表明采煤引发的地表沉陷使耕地土壤微生物数量及酶活性在水平和垂直方向上均发生了显著变化,而这些变化是导致沉陷区耕地退化、生产力降低的重要原因。     

输煤系统粉尘污染治理技术

概述了输煤系统粉尘污染治理的现状,分析了采用常规方法治理输煤系统粉尘污染存在的缺点及除尘效率低的原因。介绍了近几年研究开发的2种输煤系统粉尘污染治理新技术的除尘机理、适用范围、系统组成及主要特点。     

An improved inventory of methane emissions from coal mining in the United States

Past efforts to estimate methane emissions from underground mines, surface mines, and other coal mine operations have been hampered, to different degrees, by a lack of direct emissions data. Direct measurements have been completely unavailable for several important coal mining operations. A primary goal of this study was to collect new methane emissions measurements and other data for the most poorly characterized mining operations and use these data to develop an improved methane emission inventory for the U.S. coal mining industry. This required the development and verification of measurement methods for surface mines, coal handling operations, and abandoned underground mines and the use of these methods at about 30 mining sites across the United States. Although the study's focus was on surface mines, abandoned underground mines, and coal handling operations, evaluations were also conducted to improve our understanding of underground mine emission trends and to develop improved national data sets of coal properties. Total U.S. methane emissions are estimated to be 4.669 million tons, and as expected, emissions from underground mine ventilation and methane drainage systems dominate (74% of the total emissions). On the other hand, emissions from coal handling, abandoned underground mines, and surface mines are significant, and collectively they represent approximately 26% of the total emissions.     

采煤塌陷地积水对土壤氮素矿化过程的影响

煤炭开采导致大面积的土地塌陷,使大量耕地出现常年积水或季节性积水,对塌陷地土壤氮素矿化过程产生一定影响。采集了某矿采煤塌陷地土壤样品,进行好气和淹水培养条件下间歇淋洗培养实验,研究了塌陷地积水对土壤氮素矿化过程的影响。经过62d的培养,40d左右氮素的矿化过程趋于稳定,淹水培养条件下土壤氮素最终累积矿化量为68.99mg/kg,约为好气培养条件的10倍,且淹水培养条件下土壤氮素矿化势可达69.472mg/kg,均矿化速率为5.210mg/(kg·d),说明淹水对土壤氮素矿化过程有显著的促进作用。将实验所得累积矿化量分别代入简单指数模型及双因子指数模型进行拟合,发现简单指数模型能有效模拟好气和淹水培养条件下土壤氮素矿化过程,并获得了2种培养条件下土壤氮素矿化过程的模型参数。     

谢桥矿区采煤塌陷积水区环境效应分析

采煤塌陷水域是淮南矿区一种特殊地表水体。选择了具有代表性的有一定塌陷时间的谢桥矿塌陷水域,监测分析其水质理化指标、常规离子和重金属元素。结果表明：塌陷水域水质状况具有季节性变化。水域受到了一定程度的污染,DO丰富,COD含量偏高,水域呈弱碱性,pH值较为稳定,部分理化指标随时间增长有累计效应。常规离子含量顺序为HCO₃^->Mg^2＋>SO₄^2->Ca^2＋>Cl^－>Na⁺>K⁺>F^－。与国家地表水质量标准(GB3838-2002)比较,水域重金属元素除了Hg严重超标外, 其他As、Se、Cd、Cr、Cu、Pb、Zn等均不超标,未对水域构成重金属污染。通过对谢桥矿区塌陷水域水质进行分析评价,为其及周边矿区塌陷水域综合应用提供了一定的理论依据。     

选煤厂输煤系统转载点粉尘产出控制技术

针对选煤厂输煤系统转载点多、产尘量大、粉尘污染严重的问题,对输煤系统转载点处的产尘原因进行了分析,提出了加装特殊设计的导料槽、安装复膜扁布袋除尘器及增加湿式降尘系统等控制措施,并对改造前后转载点处的粉尘浓度进行了对比.结果表明,改造后转载点处的作业环境达到了治理目标的要求.     

煤矸石堆积对地下水的无机盐污染效应

通过对平煤矿区煤矸石堆积区地下水中无机盐成分分析,探讨了煤矸石堆积区地下水水化学类型、矿化度及水质特征和变化原因;在煤矸石动态淋溶模拟试验基础上,着重分析了煤矸石堆积区高浓度NO-3污染的来源.结果表明,平煤矿区煤矸石堆积区地下水中NO-3、SO2-4严重超标,且测定的阴、阳离子都呈现中等以上变异水平;地下水水化学类型趋于多元化和复杂化,由HCO-3型向SO2-4型转化.水质由淡水向微咸水演化;煤矸石是平煤矿区地下水中高浓度NO-3有别于其他地区的重要来源.     

Multiple exposure pathways and health risk assessment of selenium for children in a coal mining area

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Selenium (Se) presents a dual role to human body, harmful or beneficial, depending on its concentration. The exposure to this element has been...