行政区域实施ISO14001标准的研究

以厦门市鼓浪屿区实施的ISO14001标准为研究实例,探讨了行政区域实施ISO14001标准的意义、实施步骤和环境管理体系的构架模式,可为其他类似区域建立环境管理体系所借鉴。     

清洁生产审核在企业ISO14000环境管理体系实施中的应用

对清洁生产、ISO14000环境管理体系的内涵作了简介，着重从理论到实践经验上探讨清洁生产审核在ISO14000环境管理体系推进过程中，环境因素和重大环境因素识别；目标、指标、环境管理方案建立；具体实施过程中的应用。     

经济开发区环境管理体系的建立与实践

随着经济开发区的深入发展,区域环境要求与经济发展的矛盾日益突出。引入环境管理体系的概念,系统地规范开发区的环境管理工作,有利于实现经济开发区的可持续发展,最终实现区域经济及环境的双赢。文中分析了当前开发区环境管理工作中的实际情况,深入探讨了经济开发区环境管理体系的建立及实施的对策。     

食品行业实施ISO1400l标准的研究

介绍了在食品行业建立和实施ISO 14001环境管理体系的必要性、意义和方法，提出引入ISO 14001后，通过其运行中的三级监控机制，可实现环境管理的良性循环。     

初始环境评审中环境因素的识别和评价方法

初始环境评审是组织建立和实施环境管理体系的基础，而环境因素的识别和评价是这一过程的关键。探讨了识别和评价环境因素的准则，介绍了几种环境因素的识别和评价方法。     

环境管理体系（ISO14000系列标准）与企业出口贸易

国际标准化组织（ＩＳＯ）继质量管理体系（ＩＳＯ９０００）标准出台之后，于１９９３年成立了环境管理技术委员会，负责研究、制定和实施环境管理方面的国际标准，通称ＩＳＯ１４０００系列标准，它是企业建设环境管理体系以及审查认证的准则。１９９２年联合国在巴西里约热内卢召开《环境与发展》大会，通过了《２１世纪议程》等文件，标志着全球谋求可持续发展，使发展和环境相协调的新时代的开始。ＩＳＯ１４０００环境管理体系标准的建立，就是响应“环发”大会提出的“可持续发展”的目标，统一协调世界各国的环境管理标准，减少世界…     

行政事业组织建立环境管理体系

阐述了在我国行政事业组织内建立ISO14001环境管理体系的必要性和可行性及其重要意义。在建立体系时，环境因素的识别和控制重点在于资源和能源的消耗及危险废物的处理和处置，体系的建立应与组织的行政管理职能紧密结合，实现环境管理程序化，规范化和法制化，从而实现绿色行政的目标。     

基于总量控制的中国点源环境管理体系构建

近年来,随着总量控制、排污许可证、排污权有偿使用和交易等政策的逐步推进,中国的点源环境管理体系已经初具雏形。对中国的点源环境管理体系构建开展了研究,认为其制度定位应当是对点源全过程进行管理,并明确了构建点源环境管理体系需要解决责任归属与监管重点两大问题。点源环境管理体系以总量控制为抓手,其核心是排污指标与实际排放量两套数据的核定,而这两套数据则成为串联总量控制、排污许可证、排污权有偿使用和交易等相关环境管理政策的重要线索。此外,要构建点源环境管理体系,还需要综合的环境管理平台、一证式环境管理要求以及专业的第三方技术团队。     

浅谈HSE管理体系在内江市环境监测实验室的应用

健康、安全、环境管理体系(HSE管理体系)是近年发展起来的一种科学、系统、完善的管理体系。环境监测实验室作为环保系统的基层单位具有污染环境的潜在风险,在环境监测实验室推行HSE管理体系意义重大。介绍了HSE管理体系在内江市环境监测实验室的应用,这是环境监测实验室走向标准化和现代化的重要标志。     

基于GIS技术建立区域危险化学品管理体系

分析了地理信息系统 ( GIS)技术的特点 ,阐述了它在建立区域危险化学品管理体系中的适用性。论述了基于 GIS技术建立区域危险化学品管理体系的主要内容、关键技术和技术路线 ,最后指出了区域危险化学品管理体系是一个需要不断更新的体系。     

Modeling the spill in the Songhua River after the explosion in the petrochemical plant in Jilin

An explosion in a petrochemical plant in Jilin in the northeast of China on 13 November 2005 was responsible for the discharge of large quantities of benzene and nitrobenzene into Songhua River. This endangered the water supply of Harbin city and influenced the daily life for millions of people. The dispersion-advection equation was solved analytically and numerically and used to simulate the concentration of benzene and nitrobenzene in the Songhua River after the accident. Both solutions gave practically identical results. The main elimination process for both compounds was volatilization. The model results are quite close to the results obtained by measurements at monitoring stations. Arrival time of the pollutant wave, peak concentrations and end of the pollutant wave at Harbin and along the river were predicted successfully. The peak concentrations of nitrobenzene at Harbin were more than 30 times above the permissible limits for drinking water.     

焦化废水中细菌质粒的研究

细菌质粒中常带有一些可编码降解特殊有毒物质酶的基因,为了研究质粒对有毒物质CN^-的降解的意义,主要调查了焦化废水中好氧异养菌的质粒分布特点。从山西省焦化企业公司生化站、太原煤气公司焦化厂生化站中筛选出53株细菌,利用琼脂糖凝胶电泳法,采用GDS-8000型凝胶电泳分析仪进行拍照,同时测定各菌株降氰、降酚能力,CN^-采用异烟酸-毗唑啉酮法,酚采用4-氨基安替比林法测定。结果表明,质粒的存在与降氰力有一定的关系,但对降酚力的影响差异不显著。同时,通过对其中11^*号菌株进行了质粒转化和消除实验,证明质粒稳定,不可用十二烷基磺酸钠(SDS)消除掉,用E．cbli DHI作受体菌,用11^#菌株作供体菌。作转化实验,但由于种种原因,没有筛洗到转化子。     

Managing the relationship with the environment

This article describes the results of a survey carried out by the author's company on behalf of Rank Xerox. The objective was to assess attitudes towards environmental issues in both the public and private sector. Although there were some differences over priorities, both sectors agreed that development of environmental policies was essential to their future.     

水处理中含铁废料综合利用的研究进展

回顾了２０余年来我国在水处理中综合利用含铁废料的研究进展，分别评述了副产品硫酸亚铁制备絮凝剂ＰＦＳ的各种方法，废铁屑运用于内电解法水处理和其他含铁泥渣，废酸在水处理中的研究和应用现状，指出含铁废料综合利用中有待于进一步研究的若干问题。     

How the loss of forest fauna undermines the achievement of the SDGs

The human-driven loss of biodiversity has numerous ecological, social, and economic impacts at the local and global levels, threatening important ecological functions and jeopardizing human well-being. In this perspective, we present an overview of how tropical defaunation—defined as the disappearance of fauna as a result of anthropogenic drivers such as hunting and habitat alteration in tropical forest ecosystems—is interlinked with four selected Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We discuss tropical defaunation related to nutrition and zero hunger (SDG 2), good health and well-being (SDG 3), climate action (SDG 13), and life on land (SDG 15). We propose a range of options on how to study defaunation in future research and how to address the ongoing tropical defaunation crisis, including but not limited to recent insights from policy, conservation management, and development practice.     

底泥修复中温度对微生物活性和污染物释放的影响

通过分析底泥中微生物的酶活性以及污染物的释放规律,探讨了温度对河道底泥生物修复的影响.结果表明,底泥中微生物的脱氢酶、脲酶和磷酸酶的活性随着温度的升高而显著增大,但温度对纤维素酶的活性影响较小.4 ℃和10 ℃时底泥中污染物的释放量和微生物的酶活性均较低,水质较稳定;20～37 ℃时底泥中污染物的释放量明显增加,微生物的新陈代谢能力有较大提高,水体的自净能力较强.在各种因素的综合作用下,20～30 ℃是进行底泥生物修复的适宜环境温度.此外,当pH为9.0以及添加葡萄糖时,底泥中微生物均表现出较高的脱氢酶活性.     

Isolation of the stable fraction (the core) of the humic acid

Humic acid consists of a recalcitrant (unhydrolysed fraction) (the core) and labile (hydrolysable fraction) fraction. Core-humic acid (core-HA) isolation was performed by treating source material with apolar and polar solvents (organic solvents+acid hydrolysis) before alkaline extraction. Leonardite, soil Ah horizont and dry blood were chosen for this study because of their different origin and degree of humification. Chemical analysis (elemental analysis, total acidity, E(4):E(6)), spectroscopic analysis (DRIFT and (1)H NMR), and complete mass balance were used to investigate the effect of purifying humic acids. The results obtained showed that purification produced a slight modification of Leonardite humic acids as was expected for these highly humified organic matrices. On the other hand, about 500 g kg(-1) of soil humic acids were lost by purification. The fractions lost mainly consisted of carbohydrates. Dry blood showed the presence of humic acids that contrasted with its origin, thus indicating the limitations of the common analytical methods used for HA extraction. Nevertheless, in practice, purification caused the complete disappearance (914 g kg(-1) of HA was lost) of these HAs. The results obtained in this work suggest that the HA fraction isolated (named core-HA) effectively represents the HA structure proposed by the existing literature, since the purification proposed was able to eliminate the adsorbed organic molecules (interference materials) coating the HA structure.