临夏市大气污染现状及治理措施

对临夏市大气污染现状及污染原因进行了分析，同时提出了相应的治理措施。     

遂宁市2013年大气污染特征及成因

根据遂宁市近年的环境空气监测数据,系统研究了2013年大气污染特征和2007—2013年的变化趋势,分析了颗粒物的组成和主要来源,并与周边地区大气环境监测结果进行了横向比较。研究结果表明,2013年遂宁市环境空气质量达标率为88.1%,大气中SO2、NO2和PM10的年均质量浓度分别为31、30、94μg/m3,空气质量达到二级标准,但劣于往年水平,大气中首要污染物是PM10,夏季和秋季的空气质量明显优于冬季和春季;遂宁市空气质量的变化趋势与周边地区一致,呈现出一定的区域性污染特征,但明显优于周边地区;进一步从5个方面阐述了遂宁市2013年空气质量下降的原因;根据遂宁市大气污染现状,提出了大气防控措施和建议。     

英国大气污染控制及行动措施

通过对英国大气污染历史及环境现状的对比，总结英国大气污染控制措施，为我国大气污染防治提供经验。     

珠海市大气污染时空分布特征及成因分析

应用统计方法分析了珠海市的大气污染物SO2、NO2、PM10浓度的时空分布特征.针对珠海市的污染源分布格局和当地的气象条件对上述污染物时空分布特征的成因进行了分析.研究表明,珠海市的污染物浓度空间分布较为均匀,没有显著的空间变化梯度出现;但在时间分布方面明显存在着冬春高、夏秋低的季节性差异,并受区域环境的影响较大.相关分析表明,珠海市单点源污染比例大的污染源分布格局以及典型的季风气候是造成如上污染特征的主要原因,此外珠海市的经济产业结构也存在着一定的影响.     

吐鲁番市大气污染趋势及防治措施初探

通过对吐鲁番市城市环境质量三项大气主要污染物变化趋势进行调查分析,结果表明：吐鲁番市环境空气质量呈恶化趋势,大气污染物中PM10浓度呈上升趋势,SO 2呈略微上升趋势,NO2无显著变化。 PM10浓度在冬季采暖期和春秋季（4月）较高,为防治吐鲁番市空气质量变劣,急需采取积极有效的预防措施,切实保护好吐鲁番市人民赖以生存的空气环境。     

集中供热与兰州大气污染治理

针对兰州市大气污染的现状。结合城市已有的热电联产集中供热实际和下一步发展规划。分析，阐明了集中供热对兰州市大气污染治理所发挥的作用。提醒人们认识并关心兰州市集中供热与大气污染治理问题。     

兰州市大气污染成因与防治途径

兰州市大气污染比较严重，是典型的煤烟型污染，本文就城市煤烟型大气污染的成因及防治途径作一探讨。     

兰州市区大气污染治理方案的初步研究

兰州是国内大气污染最严重的几个大城市之一，煤烟型污染是其主要原因，根据兰州的自然环境、技术、经济条件，认为采用集中供热、煤制气、型煤等工程为主要技术措施，制定大气污染治理方案是适宜的，初步计算表明其环境效益是明显的。     

焦作市区大气污染状况与防治措施

根据“九五”期间焦作市区的大气污染监测资料，对市区大气污染状况进行了分析和评价，并对其成因进行了分析，提出了一些具体的防治措施。     

Air pollution and forestry in czechoslovakia

One third of the territory of Czechoslovakia is covered by forests. A substantial part of them is damaged in various degrees by air pollution. The air pollution influence on forests developed to a very serious problem during the last 40 years. The main pollutant at present is SO₂ acting directly, but the improtance of soil changes due to acid deposition increases. The consequences are increased mortality and decreased increment in the forests, further consequences are the loss of valuable ecotypes, impact on water management and decreased stability of the landscape. There are limited possibilities of the forest sector to reduce the consequences.Contribution from Fourth World Wilderness Congress—Acid Rain Symposium, Denver (Estes Park), Colorado, September 11–18, 1987.     

伊宁市空气污染与气象因子相关性分析

利用伊宁市2000年大气和气象实测资料分析了污染物与气象诸因子的关系。结果表明，污染物与气象诸因子的关系较为明显，特别是与风速，相对湿度,气温的相关性十分显著。同时也得出伊宁市降水的净化效应不显著。     

轿车内空气污染监测研究

通过实际监测研究,对轿车内空气污染水平、车内外空气污染的相关性、车内空气污染与汽车工况、通风状况的关系进行了评估,分析污染来源并提出了控制对策。     

Air pollution and lung diseases in Oporto Area

This area has a rate of patients with obstructive chronic lung disease that is the highest in Portugal and the second in Europe. Levels of pollution observed in 1985/86 and 1986/87 allowed evaluating the effects of concentrations lower than those that usually cause acute episodes. It was observed that even low levels of strong acidity can be related with lung diseases, when observed simultaneously with appreciable levels of black smoke; climatic factors have a synergetic effect.     

Air pollution in Athens basin and health risk assessment

An inventory of air pollution sources within the Athens basin is carried out for the years 1989, 1992 and 1998 and the results areinputted in a climatological model for predicting ambient concentrations. Despite of the significant growth in the numberof road vehicles and the deteriorating traffic, the emissions andambient concentrations of fine particulates, CO, NO_x and VOCappear to remain reasonably constant over for the period 1989 to 1998, while these of SO₂ and Pb are reduced, mainly due to the renewal of vehicle fleet, the use of catalytic technologies and the improved quality of the used fuel. The results further indicate that for CO, NO_x and VOC the major source is road traffic, while for PM_2.5 and SO₂ both space heating andtraffic share responsibility. The air pollutant concentrations monitored by the network of 11 stations are reviewed and statistics related to air quality guidelines are presented. As fine particulate levels are not monitored, approximate PM_2.5and PM₁₀ concentrations are derived from black smoke ones on basis of experimentally determined conversion factors. The computed and monitored air pollution levels are compared and found in reasonable agreement. The results of the above analysisshow that the levels of all `classical' pollutants, with the exception of SO₂ and Pb, exceed significantly the WHO guidelines and are thus expected to exert a significant healthimpact. The latter could be quantified in relation to the PM_2.5 or PM₁₀ levels on the basis of risk assessment information developed by the World Health Organization (WHO). The results show that the existing levels of fine particle concentrations in Athens increase significantly the mortality and morbidity, and reduce the average longevity of the entirepopulation from 1.3 to 1.7 years.     

Air pollution and forest decline near Mexico City

The forests of Abies religiosa Schl. et Cham. in the north and the northeast slopes of the mountains of the southwestern region of the Valley of Mexico are in an acute process of decline, particularly the fir forest of the Cultural and Recreational Park Desierto de los Leones. The mortality of the trees began in 1981, and by 1987 30% of the trees of the Park had died; the mortality continues. The surviving trees are in a very poor crown condition, having thin crowns with many dead branches. in the light of current knowledge air pollution, in particular the oxidant gases (ozone), are the primary cause of decline, but other conditions or agents (age of the trees and diseases) could be contributing factors in the dying of the trees.Contribution from Fourth World Wilderness Congress-Acid Rain Symposium, Denver (Estes Park), Colorado, September 11–18, 1987.     

Air pollution sources of PM10 in Buenos Aires City

To elucidate the sources of PM(10) air pollution from the experimental information collected in a local air quality monitoring campaign we have applied two methods, effective variance and genetic algorithms, in the solution of the chemical mass balance. The comparison of these two mathematical approaches show that the identification of the possible sources and the evaluation of its contributions are quite independent of them. The role of possible different sources for major and trace elements and the significance of standardizing available data is also addressed. We also present a simple method for identifying the number of candidate sources, a key element defining the dimension of the search space.     

南京市环境大气质量变化特征及防治对策建议

21世纪初以来,南京空气质量演变总体经历了“煤烟型阶段”“复合型阶段”及“二次污染型阶段”。自2013年空气质量实施新标准以来,南京空气质量改善效果明显,相比2013年,2017年PM2.5质量浓度下降48.1%,重污染天数减少27 d,灰霾天数减少一半,能见度提高4 km。然而,2018年空气优良率同比下降3.5个百分点,PM2.5年均值同比上升50%,PM2.5中二次组分占比增加,O3污染仍呈加重趋势,区域性污染特征显著。根据当前南京市大气污染现状、特征及来源,重点针对PM和O3污染治理给出初步建议。     

昌吉市饮用水源地水质现状及安全保护对策

昌吉市一水源、二水源是昌吉市的主要供水水源地,担负着供应全市22.04万常住人口的生活饮用水以及部分工业用水和城市生态用水的职责,对于保证整个昌吉市的经济发展和社会稳定起着极其重要的作用.本文在实地调查基础上,分析评价了昌吉市一水源、二水源2个水源地的水质现状和存在的主要环境问题,并据此提出了一些保护水源地环境安全的对策和建议,以期为保障昌吉市饮水安全和人民群众身体健康提供有益参考.