Resistance and biosorption mechanism of silver ions by Bacillus cereus biomass

Biosorption of silver ions onto Bacillus cereus biomass was investigated. Overall kinetic experiments were performed for the determination of the necessary contact time for the attainment of equilibrium. It was found that the overall biosorption process was best described by pseudo second-order kinetic model. The crystals detected by scanning electron microscope and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggested the precipitation was a possible mechanism of biosorption. The molecular genetics of silver resistance of B. cereus biomass was also detected and illustrated by a whole cell sensor tool.     

Adsorption characteristics of copper, lead, zinc and cadmium ions by tourmaline

The adsorption characteristics of heavy metals： Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions on tourmaline were studied. Adsorption equilibrium was established. The adsorption isotherms of all the four metal ions followed well Langmuir equation. Tourmaline was found to remove heavy metal ions efficiently from aqueous solution with selectivity in the order of Pb（Ⅱ）〉Cu（Ⅱ）〉Cd（Ⅱ）〉Zn（Ⅱ）. The adsorption of metal ions by tourmaline increased with the initial concentration of metal ions increasing in the medium. Tourmaline could also increase pH value of metal solution.The maximum heavy metal ions adsorbed by tourmaline was found to be 78.86, 154.08, 67.25, and 66.67 mg/g for Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（U）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（U）, respectively. The temperature （25-55℃） had a small effect on the adsorption capacity of tourmaline. Competitive adsorption of Cu（Ⅱ）, Pb（Ⅱ）, Zn（Ⅱ） and Cd（Ⅱ） ions was also studied. The adsorption capacity of tourmaline for single metal decreased in the order of Pb〉Cu〉Zn 〉Cd and inhibition dominance observed in two metal systems was Pb〉Cu, Pb〉Zn, Pb〉Cd, Cu〉Zn, Cu〉Cd, and Cd〉Zn.     

谷壳的差热红外扫描电镜分析及对铜铅离子的生物吸附研究

用差热分析(DTG-DTA)、红外光谱(FTIR)、扫描电镜(SEM/EDS)等方法对谷壳的质量随温度上升而变化的情况、表面的官能团、表面形态及主要元素构成等进行了分析,并研究了谷壳对水溶液中Cu2 、pb2 的生物吸附作用.加热170℃时谷壳质量损失约6%,至170～290℃时质量损失约45%,至500℃时质量仅余约11%.在320℃、440℃分别有2个放热峰.谷壳的红外吸收光谱图主要由碳水化合物如木质素、纤维素等的吸收带组成.红外光谱分析表明,1735 cm-1和1615 cm-1处的吸收峰为不同C=O的伸缩振动峰;1515 cm-1处为苯环的骨架振动峰,而1243 cm-1处是苯羟基中C-O的伸缩振动峰.1456 cm-1处的吸收峰为CH3-和CH2-的弯曲振动峰,1374 cm-1处是甲基的弯曲振动峰.SEM/EDS分析表明,谷壳表面粗糙,且主要由碳氧硅铝元素构成.结果表明,吸附时间、溶液pH、吸附剂用量、金属离子初始浓度及Na 和Ca2 离子对吸附均有影响.谷壳对Cu2 、Pb2 的吸附在30min基本达到平衡,在pH为5左右吸附效果较好,Ca2 对吸附的影响比Na 严重.随初始浓度的增加,吸附量增大,且吸附可用Langmuir方程描述.在本实验条件下,谷壳对Cu2 、Pb2 的最大吸附量分别为3.46 mg·L-1、12.5mg·L-1.一种金属离子的存在能显著降低谷壳对另一种金属离子的吸附,且pb2 对Cu2 的影响较Cu2 对pb2 的影响更严重.单一体系和混合体系的实验结果表明,谷壳对单一体系中Cu2 、Pb2 的吸附能力分别大于对混合溶液中Cu2 、Pb2 的吸附能力.