共查询到18条相似文献,搜索用时 78 毫秒
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采用实验室静态模拟法,研究了白洋淀上覆水氮磷浓度对沉积物中氮磷释放的影响。结果表明,上覆水浓度对沉积物中氮磷释放速率有较大影响,上覆水浓度越低,营养盐释放速率越快,反之越慢。S曲线可以很好地拟合氮磷营养盐累计释放量的变化趋势,指数衰减动力学模型可以很好地描述氮磷释放速率变化趋势。 相似文献
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静态条件下持续时间对底泥中有机氯农药释放的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
有机氯农药是广泛存在于环境中一类有机污染物,溶解度低,疏水性强,容易被颗粒物吸附,并随其在沉积物中积累,蓄积在沉积物中的有机氯农药在沉积物的再悬浮过程中会重新释放进入水体,造成二次污染。为了考察悬浮持续时间对沉积物中有机氟农药的释放的影响,采用沉积物释放模拟装置在60天内对微山湖沉积物中有机氯农药释放进行研究。结果表明,随着扰动时间的延长,上覆水中有机氯农药的含量在0—20天内增长很快,在60天左右含量趋于到稳定。不同的有机氟农药在扰动条件下,释放的速率和浓度是不一样的,其中水溶性大的农药更易向水体再次释放。 相似文献
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分析了不同pH值对黄河兰州段底泥总磷(TP)释放特性的影响。结果表明:底泥中的总磷在酸性范围内呈现负释放状态,且pH值越小",负释放强度越大";在碱性范围内,pH值越大,总磷释放量越大。当pH值为4和6时,水体中的总磷在第1 d都是下降,呈现出负释放的状态;pH值为4时,在第4 d负释放量达到最大值,而pH值为6时到实验结束时负释放量依然在增大。当pH值为10、11、12时,总磷呈现出明显的正释放状态,且在第2 d,总磷的释放量达到最大值。实验数据说明在碱性条件下,底泥中的磷对水质可能产生不良的影响。本次实验对黄河水质的监测以及治理有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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通过砂柱的水敏感性试验,以二价汞离子(Hg2+)和苯酚(C6H5OH)为例,研究了水敏感性过程中微粒释放对重金属离子和有机污染物迁移特征的影响.试验结果表明:单一NaCl溶液淋滤Hg2+污染的砂柱,Hg2+去除率为31.68%,换蒸馏水置换NaCl溶液发生微粒释放,此过程流出Hg2+占总量的67.55%,仅有0.78%的Hg2+残留在砂柱中;同样,在苯酚的去除试验中,上述去除率分别为55.71%和43.43%,残留率为0.86%,即在水力作用和水敏性的共同作用下,砂柱中的Hg2+和苯酚几乎可以被全部去除.单纯的水力作用对两种污染物的去除率差别较大,原因是砂柱中微粒表面带有负电荷,使得带正电的Hg2+被吸附,从而大量滞留于砂柱之中. 相似文献
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大气CO2浓度不断增加将以两种方式影响作物的代谢、生长发育和产量的形成:一是通过温室效应“加热”气候,改变降水类型,进而影响作物;二是浓度变化本身对作物生理过程的影响。介绍了国内外近年来在与CO2浓度有关的作物生理实验方面取得的进展及其主要结果。 相似文献
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采用室内模拟实验方法,研究环境因子(温度、pH、扰动强度、供气量)对底泥释放COD的影响。结果表明,水温升高能加速底泥中有机质的释放;上覆水在弱酸至中性条件下底泥释放有机质最低;扰动上覆水体会加快有机质的释放。 相似文献
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根据水量平衡原则和水中溶解含盐量的平衡,从理论上对浓缩倍数的选择进行了探讨。结合实际情况,从设计、水质因素、管理等方面分析了影响浓缩倍数提高的原因,提出了提高浓缩倍数的措施、方法和水质稳定技术。 相似文献
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湖泊沉积物中磷的形态分析及其释放研究 总被引:29,自引:1,他引:29
本文讨论了湖泊沉积物中磷的各种存在形态,包括:可交换性溶解磷(Pa-t),可溶性磷(Psol),经结合态磷(Pu),铁结合态磷(PFc),以及闭态磷(O-P),另外,还有部份有机磷(Porg),利用分级提取技术,□□□□□□氧)对湖水复磷影响显著,主要是释放PAf和PFc。 相似文献
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Model‐Based Nitrogen and Phosphorus (Nutrient) Criteria for Large Temperate Rivers: 1. Model Development and Application 下载免费PDF全文
Kyle F. Flynn Michael W. Suplee Steven C. Chapra Hua Tao 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2015,51(2):421-446
An initial inquiry into model‐based numeric nitrogen and phosphorus (nutrient) criteria for large rivers is presented. Field data collection and associated modeling were conducted on a segment of the lower Yellowstone River in the northwestern United States to assess the feasibility of deriving numeric nutrient criteria using mechanistic water‐quality models. The steady‐state one‐dimensional model QUAL2K and a transect‐based companion model AT2K were calibrated and confirmed against low‐flow conditions at a time when river loadings, water column chemistry, and diurnal indicators were approximately steady state. Predictive simulation was then implemented via nutrient perturbation to evaluate the steady‐state and diurnal response of the river to incremental nutrient additions. In this first part of a two‐part series, we detail our modeling approach, model selection, calibration and confirmation, sensitivity analysis, model outcomes, and associated uncertainty. In the second part (Suplee et al., 2015) we describe the criteria development process using the tools described herein. Both articles provide a fundamental understanding of the process required to develop site‐specific numeric nutrient criteria using models in applied regulatory settings. 相似文献
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Ping Wang Lewis C. Linker Richard A. Batiuk 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2013,49(5):1103-1118
This article analyzes the correlations of the observed and modeled light attenuation coefficient, Kd, with in situ total suspended solids (TSS) and chlorophyll‐a concentrations in Chesapeake Bay (CB) tidal waters, and with sediment and nutrient loads from the Chesapeake watershed. Light attenuation is closely related to in situ TSS and chlorophyll‐a concentrations, however, the strength of the correlation differs among the CB segments. There are distinct differences between saline and tidal fresh segments in the main Bay, but less distinction among saline and tidal fresh segments in the tidal tributaries. The correlation between Kd with sediment and nutrient loads is complicated by the lag times of TSS and the chlorophyll‐a responses to reductions in nutrient and sediment loads from the watershed, and also due to the diverse load sources. Three sets of model sensitivity scenarios were performed with: (1) differential sediment and nutrient loads; (2) selective sediment source types; and (3) geographically isolated inputs. The model results yield similar findings as those based on observed data and provide information regarding the effect of sediment on specific water bodies. Based on the model results a method was developed to determine sediment and nutrient load reductions needed to achieve the water clarity standards of the CB segments. 相似文献
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