科技期刊在国家标准执行中的几个问题

本文对科技期刊在国家标准执行中有 3点建议 :①在网络化、信息化的新形势下 ,国家应出台统一的编辑出版标准 ;②执行标准中科学性应放在第一位 ;③加强标准化的宣传     

现代科技发展与科技期刊编辑

阐述了现代科学技术的发展特征，分析了现代科技对科技期刊的影响以及科技期刊在国家科技创新体系中的地位和作用，指出科技期刊要主动适应科学技术发展趋势，科技期刊编辑要及时了解科技发展，培养和树立信息意识，掌握电子编辑手段与技能，早作“转岗”的培训，只有这样，才能适应时代对编辑工作的要求。     

实行联合办刊,提升刊物质量

加入WTO ,科技期刊将面临来自国际上在稿源、读者、销售市场等方面的激烈竞争。为了摆脱《地壳形变与地震》所处之困境 ,使其成为竞争中的强者 ,提出了在提高期刊内外在质量方面的一些想法和初步对策 ,并在实践中已取得了一定的效果     

全国地震科技期刊编辑学术交流研讨会在江苏扬州召开

全国地震科技期刊编辑学术交流研讨会于 4月 1 0日～ 1 2日在江苏扬州召开。 1 5家编辑部共 2 6名代表参加了会议。此次会议由《自然灾害学报》、《地震学刊》、《山西地震》和《世界地震译丛》等编辑部联合倡议组织 ,旨在探讨编辑人员素质的培养和提高 ,寻求科技期刊在社会主义市场经济条件下的生存与发展之路 ,研讨 2 1世纪科技期刊发展趋势与规律等。会上 ,中国地震局工程力学研究所科学技术杂志社介绍了他们走科技期刊产业化道路的成功经验 ,《世界地震译丛》编辑部就科技期刊界如何迎接中国加入世界经贸组织后的挑战作了发言 ,代表们还…     

地震科技期刊国际化发展的构想

分析了加入WTO后 ,地震科技期刊国际化发展的迫切性和必要性 ,论述了地震科技期刊国际化发展的 5种构想 :(1)调整和优化地震科技期刊 ;(2 )提高科技论文质量 ;(3)办好英文科技期刊 ;(4 )编委、作者队伍国际化 ;(5 )加快期刊上网 ,使更多的地震期刊进入国际检索系统。     

社会化救灾人员虚拟配置研究

救灾物资的配置对防灾减灾工作具有重要意义,并获得广泛关注,但救灾人员的配置研究还未引起足够的重视。在回顾相关文献的基础上,界定了角色和社会化救灾人员的内涵,以此为基础,构建了社会化救灾人员虚拟配置的概念模型,并采用复杂任务模型模拟运行社会化救灾人员虚拟配置的运行。以某城市某次暴雨灾害为例,仿真了社会化救灾人员虚拟配置模型的运行过程。研究表明:以角色理论为基础的救灾人员虚拟配置,扩大了救灾人才数量,提升了人才使用效能,降低了储备成本,实现了救灾人才的角色聚集效应。     

灾害救助网络动员模式研究

网络动员作为一种新兴的动员方式,在灾害救助中发挥着重要的作用。深入分析了现阶段我国网络动员模式中公众信息素养提升与政府监管力度不足并存,网络舆论动员与网络行动动员共举的现状,提出建构灾害救助网络动员的理想模式需要培养多元化与权威性的网络动员主体,把握网络动员主体也是监管者的双重身份,建立法律依据、政策监管、公众监督和媒体干预的立体保障。     

地震系统“十五”人才对策谈

21世纪头 5年是实现我国防震减灾十年目标的冲刺阶段 ,也是我国地震系统科技人员新老交替的关键时期。因此系统内人才的规划对事业的发展至关重要。本文对这一时期地震系统科技及管理人才的培养、选用和管理等提出设想和建议 ,对营造培养“十五”期间地震监测预报人才的良好环境提出了对策。     

社会化救灾人员储备的PSR机理研究

自然灾害多发条件下,救灾人力资源的储备引起了人们的注意,但关于社会化救灾人员储备机制的研究还很少受到研究人员的重视。综合应用人力资源管理、经济学、灾害学等多学科理论与方法,界定了社会化救灾人员储备的概念和特点,通过采用PSR模型,从自然灾害损失、人才供给不足的视角分析了社会化救灾人员储备的现实驱动力,从公共物品、人力资本和非盈利组织等理论视角探讨了社会化救灾人员储备的理论驱动力。在此基础上,研究了社会化救灾人员储备的现状及其存在的问题。最后,针对存在的问题,从储备模式和管理对策方面,提出了保障社会化救灾人员储备有效运行的响应机制,为促进社会化救灾人员储备体系的建设提供参考。     

加入世贸组织后中国地震科技期刊面临的新问题及应对办法

分析了加入世界贸易组织之后 ,中国地震科技期刊所面临的新问题。这些问题是 :国外出版机构争夺国内作者和作品 ;国外地震科技期刊进入国内市场 ,争夺国内地震科技期刊的市场占有份额 ;传统的管理模式和办刊理念受到挑战。应对这些问题的办法是 :(1 )主管部门在宏观管理上给足政策 ,适当扶持 ;(2 )适应潮流 ,改变管理模式 ;(3 )提高期刊整体质量 ;(4 )加强宣传 ,站稳市场。     

Academic publishing in disaster risk reduction: past,present, and future

Nowadays there are approximately 80 Anglophone journals that deal primarily with disaster risk reduction (DRR) and allied fields. This large array signals a sustained, if uneven, growth in DRR scholarship but also competition between the offerings of different publishers and institutions. The purpose of this article is first to summarise the development of academic publishing on DRR from its early beginnings to the present day. The paper then evaluates the current state of publishing in this field and discusses possible future trends. Next, it identifies some possible opportunities, challenges, expectations, and commitments for journal editors both within DRR and academia more broadly, including those that refer to changes in the use of terminology, the relentless increase in the number of papers submitted, the expansion and dangers of predatory journals, different peer review models, open access versus paywalls, citations and bibliography metrics, academic social networks, and copyright and distribution issues.     

Mapping the public first‐aid training landscape: uptake,knowledge, confidence and willingness to deliver first aid in disasters/emergencies—a scoping review

The above article from Disasters, published online on 24 June 2019 in Wiley Online Library ( http://wileyonlinelibrary.com ) has been withdrawn by agreement among the authors, the Journal editors and John Wiley & Sons Inc. on behalf of ODI. The withdrawal has been agreed because this is a duplicate of an article that has been published in Disasters Volume 44 Issue 1.     

Exploring the administrative mechanism of China's Paired Assistance to Disaster Affected Areas programme

The Paired Assistance to Disaster Affected Areas (PADAA) programme is a mutual aid initiative with Chinese characteristics, which speeded up the process of restoring and reconstructing regions affected by the Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008. 1 The PADAA is an efficient instrument for catastrophe recovery, yet it remains a mysterious mechanism to many members of disaster management communities. This paper aims to lift the veil on it by assessing its origins and evolution. It draws on the multi‐level moderated competition model to explain how the PADAA functions within the Chinese administrative system. The country's top‐down political system allows the central authority to mandate provincial and local governments from more economically developed regions to assist devastated areas with post‐disaster reconstruction. The practices of local accountability complement vertical control by giving leaders from donor regions strong incentives to accomplish assigned reconstruction tasks, resulting in intense competition between them.     

抢险救灾物资保障模拟训练系统分析与设计

计算机模拟训练是增强抢险救灾应急保障能力的重要手段,在联合仿真建模技术的基础上分析并设计了抢险救灾物资保障模拟训练系统。提出了系统功能需求,主要包括物资保障业务、分布交互式协同、模型管理与优化、数据管理、过程推演与保障流程控制等;分析了三层系统结构,基础平台层由指挥系统、导调控制系统、RTI等组成,资源层由模型库、知识库、数据库等组成,应用层则由生活、野营、医疗、工程、装备等五个模拟训练子系统组成;给出了基于联合仿真建模技术的仿真模型设计流程,并完成了基于HLA的分布式系统设计,构建了抢险救灾物资保障的四类联邦成员,设计了FOM与SOM模型,完成了Agent-DEVS联邦模型与RTI的接口。以上研究为开展抢险救灾应急保障模拟训练奠定了基础。     

Disaster preparedness and regional training on nine Caribbean islands: A longterm evaluation

This paper presents an analysis and evaluation of emergency preparedness and regionalized training on nine Caribbean islands during the period of 1980 to 1985. Preparedness on the islands is measured in numerous ways, including the existence and comprehensiveness of the disaster plan; existence and adequacy of district organizations; existence of an emergency operations centre; frequency of drills; adequacy of communications; and various other indicators. The regionalized training, which was provided out of a small, internationally-funded unit in Antigua, is evaluated in terms of the contribution it made to Caribbean preparedness during the period. Various management difficulties are analyzed and recommendations made for future, similar programs.     

Disasters, the Media and Social Structures: A Typology of Credibility Hierarchy Persistence Based on Newspaper Coverage of the Love Canal and Six Other Disasters

The starting-point of this paper is the assumption that credibility and the right to be heard are differentially distributed in any social system and therefore a 'hierarchy of credibility' exists. To test this, the media coverage of the Love Canal, New York, hazardous waste landfill disaster and six other disasters was examined to determine if this hierarchy exists in all cases. A hierarchy of credibility emphasising the views of established news sources with routine and habitual access to the media was demonstrated in the majority of events examined. However, the Love Canal disaster was one of two where this hierarchy was disrupted due to a number of factors. These included the contentious or political nature of the event, its duration, the extent of competition for credibility and coverage among news sources, the extent of information shortage, the type of news medium, the degree of sympathetic and representational salience of victims and the extent to which they organised and achieved status as 'newsmakers'. Building on disaster research, a model of the operation of the credibility hierarchy in coverage of disasters is presented and discussed.     

Mapping the public first-aid training landscape: a scoping review

While the public can play a vital role in saving lives during emergencies, intervention is only effective if people have the skills, confidence, and willingness to help. This review employs a five-stage framework to systematically analyse first aid and emergency helping literature from 22 countries (predominately in Asia, Australia, Europe, and the United States). The review covers 54 articles that investigate public first-aid knowledge and uptake of first-aid training (40); public confidence in first-aid skills and willingness to help during an emergency (21); and barriers to or enablers of learning first aid and delivering first aid in an emergency (25). The findings identify high levels of perceived knowledge, confidence, and willingness to help, supporting the contention that the public can play a vital role during an emergency. However, the findings also point to low uptake levels, low tested skill-specific knowledge, and barriers to learning first aid and helping, indicating that the first-aid training landscape is in need of improvement.