高级催化氧化法处理高含盐废水

针对风城油田生产废水高盐、高温、高矿化度、可生化性差等水质特性,采用“混凝沉降、高级催化氧化”工艺进行处理,处理后出水达到GB8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》二级标准。混凝沉降阶段COD去除率为36％～49％,挥发酚去除率为11％～21％,石油类去除率为42％～69％;催化氧化阶段COD去除率为20％～40％,挥发酚去除率为69％～73％,石油类去除率为16％～20％。     

混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法处理钻井废水

采用混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法对钻井废水进行处理,筛选出最佳的工艺条件。实验结果表明,该法可使原水的CODCr从5846 mg/L降至150 mg/L以下,色度去除率达到100%,出水达到排放标准。混凝沉降-微电解-催化氧化法对于处理高CODCr、高色度钻井废水是行之有效的,具有广阔的应用前景。     

复合氧化混凝工艺处理印染废水的研究

本文介绍了复合氧化混凝法处理印染废水及其污泥资源化、减量化的研究。     

炼油污水的处理

采用接触氧化—曝气生物滤池—加氯氧化—砂滤—活性炭吸附的工艺对某炼油厂污水进行处理,运行结果显示:出水中石油类和SS均小于5mg/L,达到了设计回用指标;而对COD和氨氮的降解则存在不稳定现象,针对此问题作了进一步的工艺整改后此工艺最终出水可以达到该厂制定的回用水质标准。     

催化氧化处理高浓度有机化工废水

本文提出了一种处理高浓度有机化工废水中COD、色度的有效新技术,该技术是用二氧化氯为催化剂,在自制催化剂存在的条件下将废水中的有机物氧化分解,COD去除率≥70％,色度去除率≥95％,一般高浓度有机化工废水经本法处理接后续生化可以达标。     

非均相催化臭氧化处理钻井废水的研究

以油田钻井废水为处理对象,采用基于臭氧的非均相催化氧化处理工艺,负载了MnO_2催化剂强化臭氧处理效果,实验对比分析单独臭氧化和非均相催化臭氧化的处理效果差异,确定最佳工艺参数条件。X射线衍射分析表明,过量浸渍法制备的催化剂中含有大量活性组分MnO_2,使非均相催化臭氧化去除钻井废水COD的效率提高了45.8%。经工艺优化后,确定非均相催化臭氧化处理钻井废水最佳条件为:催化剂加量50mg/L、反应pH值为11、反应温度20℃、臭氧浓度85mg/L、处理时间50min,此时废水COD最大去除率为83.1%。通过5次重复实验验证,催化剂和系统稳定性几乎不受影响,出水均达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准。     

多元催化氧化处理石化碱渣废水的研究

多元催化氧化技术实现了常温常压下有机物的氧化分解,催化氧化反应所产生的大量羟基自由基(·OH)具有极强的氧化能力,与不能或很难被生物降解的有机物都可以发生快速的链式反应,无选择地将高浓度难降解的有机物开环断链,氧化成简单的有机物、CO2和H2O。采用多元催化氧化装置处理石化碱渣废水,原水CODCr在4285~42,300mg/L之间,经催化氧化处理后,CODCr降至2000mg/L以下,出水水质稳定,为生化处理出水CODCr达标排放提供了可靠的技术保证。     

生化技术处理高含盐废水试验研究

针对注蒸汽锅炉系统产生大量的高含盐废水中石油类、COD、挥发酚等污染物超标严重现象,在对外排高含盐水进行水质分析的基础上,开展了"混凝沉淀+高盐生化"现场试验。试验结果表明:该处理技术具有较好的处理性能,其中"混凝沉淀"工艺对废水中COD、石油类及挥发酚平均去除率分别为37.5%,47%和53%;"高盐生化"工艺对"混凝沉淀"出水中COD、石油类及挥发酚平均去除率分别为31.9%,58%和65%。处理后水质稳定且可达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》二级标准。     

高含盐钻井废水真空蒸发处理实验

针对钻井过程产生的高含盐废水和反渗透处理产生的高含盐水的特点,采用混凝预处理、过滤、真空蒸发处理工艺对钻井废水进行综合处理,混凝实验探讨了混凝剂(PAC)、助凝剂(PAM)、pH值、静置时间和搅拌速度对CODCr去除率的影响,得出混凝实验最佳方案。并对过滤实验、蒸发实验结果进行分析。实验表明:混凝预处理、过滤后的废水再进行真空旋转蒸发处理,馏出液经冷却收集后能达到GB 8978—1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准,实验可为高含盐废水处理工艺提供参考。     

次氯酸钠处理水煤气废水中的氧化还原电位变化研究

介绍了利用次氯酸钠的强氧化作用来处理含硫水煤气废水。NaClO与水中S^2-等还原性物质的反应为典型的氧化还原反应,随着S^2-的被氧化,其氧化还原电位是变化的。针对这点,本文主要研究NaClO的投加量对S^2-氧化还原电位的影响,并以此来控制实际工程中NaClO的投加量,防止NaClO的过量投加带来对设备的腐蚀和对水煤气质量的影响。     

Performance of an overland flow system for advanced treatment of wastewater plant effluent

Overland flow (OF) systems were evaluated and compared for advanced treatment of municipal and industrial effluents, including nutrients and nondegradable chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal. Three pilot plants were constructed at the Shahin Shahr Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP), Isfahan, Iran. Each pilot was assigned a specific wastewater and all were simultaneously operated for 8 months. Treatment of primary effluent, activated sludge secondary effluent, and lagoon effluent of textile wastewater was investigated at application rates (ARs) of 0.15, 0.25, and 0.35m(3)m(-1)h(-1). During 5 months of stable operation after a 3-month acclimation period, mean removals of total 5-day biochemical oxygen demand (TBOD(5)), total COD (TCOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP) and turbidity were 74.5%, 54.8%, 66.2%, 39.4%, 35.8%, and 67.7% for primary effluent; 52.9%, 52.9%, 66.5%, 44.4%, 39.8%, and 50.1% for activated sludge effluent; 65.7%, 58.7%, 70.3%, 41.7%, 41.3%, and 54.9% for textile wastewater lagoon effluent, respectively. The model of Smith and Schroeder, 1985. Field studies of the overland flow process for the treatment of raw and primary treated municipal wastewater. Journal of Water Pollution Control Federation 57, 785-794] was satisfactory for TBOD(5). For all treatment parameters a standard first-order removal model was inadequate to represent the data but a modified first-order model provided a satisfactory fit to the data. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that an OF system as advanced treatment had the ability to meet effluent discharge permit limits and was an economical replacement for stabilization ponds and mechanical treatment options.     

超声/臭氧氧化处理含酚废水实验研究

在实验装置上对超声/臭氧联合处理含酚废水进行了实验研究。考察了废水初始pH值、反应时间、臭氧通入量、超声功率等因素对酚去除率的影响。研究表明,超声辐射在臭氧氧化过程中起加速反应的作用,而且随着超声功率的增大,加速反应的能力增强;废水初始pH值为11时酚去除效果最佳;随着臭氧通入量的增大、反应时间的延长,酚去除率不断增大;超声/臭氧处理酚废水过程中酚的降解规律符合表观一级反应。     

臭氧及联用技术在水处理中的应用

介绍国内外臭氧氧化法及其联用技术的最新进展及应用前景。     

光催化氧化技术的应用进展

本文综述了光催化氧化技术在污水治理领域的应用现状，总结了在修复地下水，染料废水，含油废水，杀菌消毒，难降解农药，废水表面活性剂等方面的国内外现状，指出该技术是具有很大发展潜力的高级氧化技术。     

Significance of iron compounds in chemical and electro‐oxidation treatment of sugar industry wastewater: Batch reaction

Industrialization plays a major role in a nation's growth. However, with an increase in industrial activities, pollution levels are also increasing. Among all industries, the sugar‐processing industry is one that requires large amounts of water to process the sugar, and, consequently, it discharges large amounts of water as effluent. Highly polluted wastewater brings changes to the physicochemical characteristics of the surrounding environment. Iron compounds have had a significant impact when they are used in wastewater treatment in various applications, including when they are used to minimize the pollution levels in sugar industry wastewater (SIWW). To minimize the pollutant levels from SIWW, iron compounds have been key for uses in treatments involving chemical and electro‐oxidation. Two different methodologies of electrocoagulation and chemical coagulation have been used to treat SIWW. In electrocoagulation, an iron plate is used as an electrode material under specific operating conditions. Ferrous sulfate and ferric chloride have been used as chemical coagulants at various pH and mass loading levels. The use of iron metals shows an 82% reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and an 84% reduction in color at the optimum condition of pH 6, an electrode distance of 20 millimeters, and a current density of 156 square centimeters. As a chemical coagulant, iron salt (ferrous sulfate) provides a reduction of 77% COD and a 91% reduction of color at pH 6 and a 40‐millimole mass loading. Electrochemical treatment using iron was found to be suitable to treat SIWW. The sludge generated after treatment can be burned or composted with the possible recovery of some of the treatment costs.     

Synthetic endocrine disruptors in the environment and water remediation by advanced oxidation processes

The present study is an overview of the literature on classes and types of compounds described as "endocrine disruptors" and their treatability in water by advanced oxidation processes, which generate hydroxyl radicals in water. The review is limited to details of the destruction of three classes of endocrine disruptors, namely bisphenols, alkylphenols and phthalates, which are among the most highly suspected endocrine disrupting compounds that interfere with the hormonal system of wildlife. It was found that photocatalysis with titanium dioxide was the most frequently tested advanced oxidation method most likely due its potential to render complete mineralization. There is sufficient research also with direct and indirect photolysis and ozonation, which were less effective for the overall mineralization but more representative of the conditions existing in real water treatment plants.     

我国干法腈纶废水处理技术研究进展

分析了我国干法腈纶废水的来源、特点,介绍了干法腈纶废水处理技术的研究进展,并就其未来的研究方向提出了建议.     

铁屑微电解法处理光致抗蚀剂废水的初步研究

初步研究了铁屑微电解法处理先致抗蚀剂废水；对废水pH值、曝气、铁屑和活性炭的用量等作了单因素影响试验。正交试验结果表明：当铁屑投加量50．0g／L，活性碳投加量5．0g／L，废水pH值2．0，反应时间60min时，CODCr去除率达42％。     

超临界水氧化法处理乙醇废水溶液工艺研究

利用自制的间歇式超临界水氧化(SCWO)装置对乙醇废水进行实验研究。实验表明:超临界水在低压下对乙醇废水的氧化效果影响很大,高压下影响逐渐变小;随着温度的升高及停留时间的增加,乙醇废水的去除率随之提高;乙醇废水的最终产物为二氧化碳。实验的最佳工艺条件为:压力30MPa、温度600℃及停留时间30s。