共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
针对中空纤维膜应用于水力压裂返排液处理时存在膜污染严重、通量衰减快、影响处理效率等问题,研究了PVDF(聚偏氟乙烯)固含量、凝固浴温度等因素对PVDF膜性能的影响,通过非溶剂致相分离法制备PVDF中空纤维膜,并采用表面接枝技术,对PVDF中空纤维膜进行了表面亲水化改性。压裂返排液吸附实验结果表明,表面接枝降低了PVDF的接触角,提高了膜的亲水性。将亲水性中空纤维膜用于页岩气水力压裂返排液的过滤处理,应用结果表明其对压裂返排液中的总铁、SS、浊度、细菌去除率达到90%以上,长时间运行后的通量保持率高,有较好的抗膜污染性。 相似文献
2.
对比分析中美页岩气水力压裂返排液,发现两者均具有产生量大、成分复杂、难生物降解、高COD、高TSS、高TDS等特点,若压裂返排液进入到地表水及土壤中,可能造成不利影响,甚至对人类健康造成影响。目前常用的处理压裂返排液的技术有深井回注法、处理后回用法及处理后排放法。我国页岩气水力压裂返排液处理技术尚不成熟,部分地区仍沿用石油行业处理采出水的方法;部分页岩气田以借鉴国外压裂返排液处理技术为主,结合自身返排液情况制定处理流程;返排液回收后重新用于水力压裂的水处理技术还不成熟,应积极开展压裂返排液处理技术的研究。 相似文献
3.
4.
针对压裂返排液回用处理工艺技术,采用SM17-1H井压裂返排液样品,开展了返排液处理与回用实验研究。结果表明,压裂返排液采用氧化破胶、絮凝沉淀、两级精细过滤、脱硼组合工艺处理后,调整压裂返排液pH值为7.2~7.5,添加0.3%工业级NaClO,氧化20min,加入400mg/L工业级PAC,4mg/L分子量800万的阳离子型PAM,上清液透光率可达到94%以上,满足絮凝沉降的要求。处理后水经氧化絮凝处理后,硼离子经WH908或C700树脂吸附除硼后,硼含量降低到1.25mg/L,满足压裂返排液处理后重新配液的要求。此结果为压裂返排液处理和重复利用技术现场实验奠定了基础。 相似文献
5.
页岩气压裂返排液对环境的影响及思考 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
页岩气开发对水资源的大量消耗和压裂返排液处置困难引起了广泛关注。文章分析了滑溜水压裂液、混合压裂液、纤维压裂液、高速通道压裂液、二氧化碳压裂液、液化石油气压裂液6种页岩气压裂液的特点及对环境的影响。介绍了压裂液返排技术,主要有深井灌注、现场或中心建厂处理后重新利用、返排液处理后外排,进而结合我国页岩气开发的形势提出压裂返排液处理技术研究思路、研究方向和建议。 相似文献
6.
为了明确压裂返排液中影响回用的突出污染物,从而针对性地研究现场处理技术,采用水质矩阵法对苏里格气田常用的两种体系压裂返排液的水质特性进行评价。结果表明:影响胍胶压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为钙镁离子、铁离子、悬浮物和pH值;影响可回收体系压裂返排液回用的污染物重要程度排序为悬浮物、pH值、钙镁离子和铁离子,两者差异明显。以此为基础,针对胍胶压裂返排液,提出“化学絮凝、离子控制、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,钙镁离子降低了83.7%,铁离子降低了79.6%,悬浮物降低了85.0%;针对可回收体系压裂返排液,提出“重力沉降、金属网过滤”的现场处理工艺,悬浮物降低了81.0%,处理后水质达到重复配液要求。 相似文献
7.
油田压裂返排液处理技术实验研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
油气井压裂作业过程中产生的压裂返排液已成为当前油田水体的主要污染源之一。文章对吉林油田公司压裂返排液处理工艺进行了实验研究。结果表明:在采用絮凝、微波强氧化、活性炭毡处理、纳滤/反渗透集成处理工艺后,压裂返排液CODCr可以达到GB 8978-1996《污水综合排放标准》一级标准要求。该研究为压裂返排液处理装置的设计和现场实施提供了实验基础。 相似文献
8.
9.
针对临兴区块致密砂岩气井压裂返排液的性能特点,结合压裂返排液中的有害指标,制定了压裂返排液复配压裂液的水质标准,形成了一套压裂返排液经适度处理后复配压裂液的低成本处理模式。结果表明:临兴区块压裂液配置水指标应满足pH值7~10、矿化度60 000mg/L、钙离子浓度600mg/L、镁离子浓度900mg/L、硼离子浓度10mg/L;经过破胶、pH值调整、絮凝和过滤工艺处理后的压裂返排液的主要有害指标COD、钙离子、镁离子、硼离子浓度大幅度下降,满足临兴区块压裂液配置水指标要求;根据处理工艺研制的压裂返排液处理装置在临兴区块LX-*1井和LX-*2井成功完成现场实验,复配压裂液满足压裂液现场施工要求。 相似文献
10.
11.
以国内某浸没式MBR再生水工程为研究对象,在次临界通量及恒抽吸流量运行条件下,系统跨膜压差表现为早期短暂升高、中期平稳上升及后期快速升高的三阶段特征。扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察证明MBR系统在三阶段的膜污染层具有不同的水力学结构。结合各阶段膜污染的理论分析,将临界跨膜压差值(TMP)作为膜系统体外维护清洗的控制点,实现膜系统的长期稳定运行。 相似文献
12.
杨继贤 《中国环境管理干部学院学报》2009,19(2):46-49
采用“A+(A/O)n+MBR”复合工艺,在次临界通量条件下,考察了膜污染发展及清洗特性。试验发现,膜污染随运行时间的变化呈现出阶段性上升的特征,即经过初期缓慢发展和中期较快发展后,出现了膜污染的急剧增加。电镜及能谱分析表明,膜面污染物主要包括沉积于膜面的大量污泥絮体、附着于膜面的致密凝胶层和一些由Ca^2+、Mg^2+等离子形成的堵塞和吸附于膜孔的无机垢粒。膜清洗及阻力表明,自来水冲洗可使泥饼层大部分脱落,泥饼层对膜污染阻力贡献最大,达到60.71%;NaClO清洗对凝胶层的去除效果显著,有机污染对膜污染阻力为31.44%;HCl清洗去除的无机垢粒对膜污染贡献率仅为7.85%。 相似文献
13.
14.
膜生物反应器中膜污染问题讨论 总被引:3,自引:2,他引:3
膜生物反应器是近年新发展起来的高效废水处理工艺,同时不可避免地带来了膜的污染问题。本文综述了近年来国内外对膜污染机理研究的最新成果,介绍了相应的解决措施,展望了今后的发展前景。 相似文献
15.
In this study, an innovative heat and mass transfer core is proposed to provide thermal comfort and humidity control using a hollow fiber contactor with multiple bundles of micro-porous hollow fibers. The hollow fiber-based core utilizes 12 bundles aligned vertically, each with 1,000 packed polypropylene hollow fibers. The proposed core was developed and tested under various operating and ambient conditions as a cooling core for a compact evaporative cooling unit and a dehumidification core for a liquid desiccant dehumidification unit. As a cooling core, the fiber-based evaporative cooler provides a maximum cooling capacity of 502 W with a wet bulb effectiveness of 85%. As a dehumidification core and employing potassium formate as a liquid desiccant, the dehumidifier is capable of reducing the air relative humidity by 17% with an overall dehumidification capacity of 733 W and humidity effectiveness of 47%. Being cheap and simple to design with their attractive heat and mass transfer characteristics and the corresponding large surface area-to-volume ratio, hollow fiber membrane contactors provide a promising alternative for cooling and dehumidification applications. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Christopher M. Weible Tanya Heikkila David P. Carter 《Journal of Environmental Policy & Planning》2017,19(2):115-134
Hydraulic fracturing and oil and natural gas development are possibly the most contentious energy and environmental issues to face the USA in the twenty-first century. One point of contention is the disclosure of fluids used in the hydraulic fracturing process. This paper analyses the Colorado 2011 policy requiring disclosure of hydraulic fracturing fluid information, considered one of the first comprehensive hydraulic fracturing disclosure policies in the country. We conduct an institutional analysis of the disclosure policy to understand how the policy establishes information flows and grants and restricts choices by targeted actors. We then analyse the opinions of people actively involved in hydraulic fracturing debates in Colorado to assess whether they view the disclosure policy as resolving problems. The institutional analysis illustrates how the policy allocates responsibilities in sending and receiving information and the opinion survey shows divergence in perceptions of its potential to resolve problems associated with chemical use or disclosure. Most respondents are in agreement that the new policy failed to build public trust of the hydraulic fracturing process. 相似文献
19.
Mostafa Khaled Hussien Noby Eman S. Mansor Ahmed H. Elshazly Walid A. Aissa 《环境质量管理》2023,32(4):93-102
In our previous work, the prepared high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) membranes, synthesized using four concentrations (20, 25, 30, and 35 wt%) of waste HIPS, were proved to be promising for water purification by microfiltration process (MF). However, the fabricated membranes' mechanical properties and microfiltration process parameters were not investigated. Consequently, in this study, various parameters affecting the previously fabricated membranes' performance in the filtration process, such as membrane mechanical properties, feeding pressure, fouling behavior, and polymer concentration, were thoroughly investigated. With increasing polystyrene concentrations, the ultimate tensile strength of the fabricated membranes increased. When the concentration was increased from 20 to 25 wt percent, the elongation at break rose, but as the concentration was increased further, the membrane became brittle. Permeate flux and rejection both declined as polymer content was raised. Accordingly, the highest flux and humic acid (HA) rejection were shown by 20 wt% (14.18 L/m2h (LMH) and 98.95%, respectively). The antifouling properties declined when the polymer concentration was raised, and 20 wt% had the lowest total fouling resistance. Furthermore, the permeate flux was reduced while increasing the HA initial concentration. 相似文献
20.
MBR处理工艺的发展与应用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
MBR处理技术目前发展的新工艺有:改良式序列间歇反应器(MSBR)、MBR与氧化沟结合工艺、MBR与高效生物反应器相结合(MHCR)等。MBR技术推广应用的关键是解决膜污染问题和降低膜成本。MBR技术已经在水处理领域应用,和常规水处理工艺相比,MBR工艺具有处理效果好、出水水质稳定,设备简单、占地空间省等优势,对于发展城市污水回用具有重要意义。 相似文献