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Biodegradation of organic pollutants in saline wastewater by halophilic microorganisms: a review 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Laura C. Castillo-Carvajal José Luis Sanz-Martín Blanca E. Barragán-Huerta 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2014,21(16):9578-9588
Agro-food, petroleum, textile, and leather industries generate saline wastewater with a high content of organic pollutants such as aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, nitroaromatics, and azo dyes. Halophilic microorganisms are of increasing interest in industrial waste treatment, due to their ability to degrade hazardous substances efficiently under high salt conditions. However, their full potential remains unexplored. The isolation and identification of halophilic and halotolerant microorganisms from geographically unrelated and geologically diverse hypersaline sites supports their application in bioremediation processes. Past investigations in this field have mainly focused on the elimination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and phenols, whereas few studies have investigated N-aromatic compounds, such as nitro-substituted compounds, amines, and azo dyes, in saline wastewater. Information regarding the growth conditions and degradation mechanisms of halophilic microorganisms is also limited. In this review, we discuss recent research on the removal of organic pollutants such as organic matter, in terms of chemical oxygen demand (COD), dyes, hydrocarbons, N-aliphatic and N-aromatic compounds, and phenols, in conditions of high salinity. In addition, some proposal pathways for the degradation of aromatic compounds are presented. 相似文献
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有机废水有效微生物处理实验研究 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
应用有效微生物对高浓度有机工业废水进行处理实验,初步探讨了影响有效微生物废水处理的几个重要主其特点。首先对有效微生物进行驯化,然后进行工业废水处理实验。结果表明,采取间歇式曝气,采取间歇式曝气,接种量为1/5000,酸度控制在偏酸性范围,与常规废水处理相比,具有节约能源、废泥产生量少、除臭等特点。 相似文献
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Monika Tomkiel Małgorzata Baćmaga Agata Borowik Jan Kucharski 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2018,53(2):97-107
Herbicides pose a significant threat to the natural environment, in particular in soils that are most exposed to plant protection agents. Prolonged herbicide use leads to changes in soil metabolism and decreases soil productive potential. In this study, the influence of carfentrazone-ethyl (CE) on the microbiological and biochemical properties of soil and the yield of Triticum aestivum L. was evaluated. Carfentrazone-ethyl was applied to sandy loam (pHKCl – 7.0) in doses of 0.000, 0.264, 5.280, 10.56, 21.18, 42.24, 84.48 and 168.96 µg kg?1 DM soil. Soil samples were subjected to microbiological and biochemical analyses on experimental days 30 and 60. Carfentrazone-ethyl disrupted the biological equilibrium in soil by decreasing the abundance and biodiversity of soil-dwelling microorganisms, the activity of soil enzymes, the values of the biochemical activity indicator and spring wheat yields. Carfentrazone-ethyl had the most adverse effects when applied in doses many fold higher than those recommended by the manufacturer. The toxic effects of CE were also determined by its soil retention time. Soil treated with CE was characterized by higher counts of oligotrophic bacteria, organotrophic bacteria, bacteria of the genus Azotobacter, actinomycetes and fungi on day 60, and spore-forming oligotrophic bacteria on day 30. The activity of dehydrogenases, urease, alkaline phosphatase and β-glucosidase was higher on day 30 than on day 60. 相似文献
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功能微生物对污染农田土壤中铅锌的溶出实验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用微生物修复重金属污染的土壤是当今的研究热点之一。试图寻找一类可以增加土壤中重金属铅、锌的可溶态的功能微生物,并研究该微生物在不同土壤含水率和不同投菌比条件下对铅、锌溶出作用的影响。最终筛选出符合条件的菌JK3,并发现当土壤含水率为35%,投菌比为0.15 mL/g土(菌液OD=1)时,土壤中铅和锌的可溶态增加量最多。其中,可溶态铅的含量由原来的0.49 mg/kg增加到了5.04 mg/kg,可溶态锌的含量由原来的2.23 mg/kg增加到了22.44mg/kg。该方法为后续用植物提取或化学淋洗等方法将土壤中的重金属彻底去除提供了可能。 相似文献
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人工湿地系统微生物去除污染物的研究进展 总被引:6,自引:1,他引:6
人工湿地污水处理系统具有净化效果显著、建设和运行费用低廉、管理简便等优点,近年来越来越受到人们的重视。人工湿地是利用介质、植物和微生物构成的复合系统来处理污水。微生物在人工湿地系统净化污水过程中发挥着重要作用。介绍了人工湿地系统中微生物去除污染物的研究进展,重点讨论了人工湿地对污染物和特殊有机污染物的去除以及系统基质中微生物的种群和活性等内容,并结合我国研究现状展望了该领域的研究前景。人工湿地系统微生物对污染物去除将成为人工湿地生态系统服务功能评价、人工湿地生态系统健康与稳定的诊断的重要组成部分。 相似文献
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利用啤酒废水所产微生物絮凝剂处理靛蓝印染废水的研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9
以啤酒废水为培养基,利用其中的碳源和能源,对复合菌群进行发酵培养,制得微生物絮凝剂。将此絮凝剂处理靛蓝印染废水.系统研究了pH、微生物絮凝剂用量和助凝剂(1?Cl2溶液)用量对处理效果的影响,得出了微生物絮凝剂去除CODCr和脱色的最佳工艺条件,并对该絮凝剂的絮凝机理进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
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采用投加优势菌群的水解 -混凝法对糖蜜酒精废水进行试验 ,研究投加优势菌的水解阶段的处理效果 ,同时 ,以 10 %碱式AlCl3为混凝剂 ,对水解段的出水进行混凝处理 ,并对处理条件进行研究。结果表明 ,采用投加优势菌群的水解 -混凝法工艺处理该废水 ,可以取得 5 8%的CODCr去除率 ,且可去除一定的色度 相似文献
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在好氧反应器中,将海泥通过海水和营养物质培养成新型的活性污泥,在处理含盐废水时有较好的活性和沉降性能,对这种新型的活性污泥我们称其为海洋活性污泥。通过10周的培养,海泥的污泥体积指数(SVI)从最初的19 mL/g升高到70 mL/g,对有机废水处理12 h后高锰酸盐指数(CODMn)降解率达到90%,氨氮降解率达到45%。在污泥培养时,营养物质投加频率为一日一次最有利于污泥的培养,又葡萄糖比淀粉更有利于污泥的培养。对于含盐有机废水的处理,海洋活性污泥也比传统活性污泥有优势,甚至对于含盐量6%的高盐有机废水,处理12 h后能达到CODMn降解率达为70%,氨氮降解率达到30%。当NaCl浓度高于6%,海洋活性污泥仍具有一定的活性,但仍能观察到明显的抑制作用。此外,海洋活性污泥具有比传统活性污泥更强的盐度变化抗性,甚至在低盐度下盐浓度变化时,海洋活性污泥的氨氮降解稳定性也优于传统活性污泥。 相似文献
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将耐盐脱氮复合菌剂投加到序批式生物反应器中,构建生物强化高盐废水处理系统(SBR1),以未投加复合菌剂系统(SBR2)作为对照,分析典型周期中氮素和溶解氧的变化趋势以及盐度冲击对脱氮效果的影响.实验表明,在曝气时间为6h时,生物强化系统脱氮率可稳定在96%以上,出水总氮浓度为3.8 mg/L左右.反应中始终无硝氮、亚硝氮积累,生物强化系统具有同步硝化好氧反硝化能力.当受到5%和7%较高盐度冲击时,生物强化系统表现出优于对照系统的抗盐度冲击能力,能够快速恢复原有活性,且出水总氮低于15 mg/L;当受到0%盐度的淡水冲击时,对照系统中耐盐污泥失活且无法恢复,而生物强化系统只需投加少量(3%)耐盐脱氮复合菌剂,即可快速恢复活性,出水总氮低于15 mg/L.本研究能够为生物强化高盐废水脱氮系统的构建和运行提供技术支持. 相似文献
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L.A. Golovleva A.B. Polyakova R.N. Pertsova Z.I. Finkelshtein 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):523-538
Abstract Methoxychlor was found to be sufficiently persistant in soil and its residues were present even 18 months after the soil treatment. Saprophytes, fungi and actinomyces were unaffected by varying concentrations of methoxychlor, azotobacter however was susceptable. Soil strains isolated did not utilize methoxychlor as a sole carbon source except for 9 cultures belonging to the genera Bacillus, Acineto‐bacter and Rhodococcus which carried out the complete dechlorination, demethylation and splitting of one of methoxychlor aromatic rings. Anaerobic conditions were more favorable for methoxychlor biodegradation by soil and pure microbial cultures. 相似文献
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废水吸附法除磷的研究进展 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
本文叙述了利用吸附原理进行废水除磷的研究进展。吸附法除磷的研究主要表现在吸附材料的研究方面 ,基于应用场合的差异 ,包括廉价的天然材料、工业废渣及其改性物、传统的活性氧化铝及其改性物、其他多孔物质及人工合成的高效吸附剂等。人工合成高效吸附剂由于磷吸附容量大 ,其相关研究成为近年来的重要发展方向 相似文献
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高盐废水盐度变化是影响微生物生长的重要因素之一。研究以中度嗜盐菌Halomonassp.STSY.3为例,测定其在不同盐度下生长对数期末OD600,并以葡萄糖为限制性基质,利用Monod方程,对菌株进行生长动力学拟合。结果表明,Halomonassp.STSY-3的最适生长盐度为7%(以NaCl计),此盐度下其OD600 为2.56,而0%和34%盐度下OD600分别为0.47和0.06;Halomonassp.STSY-3的生长动力学模型与实验数据能较好地拟合,在最适生长盐度下动力学模型参数μmax 为2.257h-1,Ks为0.0082g/L。比较不同盐度下STSY-3生长动力学参数,得出中度嗜盐菌STSY-3的生长存在3个明显分区:最适盐度区(盐度2%~9%)、嗜盐过渡区(盐度9%~20%和0.68%~1.76%)及生长抑制区(盐度≤2%或≥20%)。其中嗜盐过渡区0.68%~1.76%由于范围较小,实际意义小,忽略不计。 相似文献
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