燃煤工业锅炉氮氧化物的排放控制技术

燃煤工业锅炉的氮氧化物污染防治在我国尚处于起步阶段,需要从经济性、NOx脱除效率以及工程实现的难易程度等方面考虑,选取合适的NOx排放控制技术用于燃煤工业锅炉的改造,其中SNCR技术成本相对较低,以锅炉炉膛为反应器,可通过对锅炉的改造实现。研发低成本的低温或中温脱硝催化剂或者适应工业锅炉负荷变化的SNCR技术是关键。     

我国燃煤工业锅炉烟尘排放监督管理存在的问题及对策

指出环保部门在燃煤工业锅炉烟尘排放监督管理中存在的四个方面问题，提出强化燃煤工业锅炉烟尘排放监督管理的对策。     

新型高效煤粉工业锅炉在区域供热项目的应用

供暖行业是耗煤大户,锅炉热效率普遍处于60%~65%。新型高效煤粉工业锅炉的热效率平均在90%以上,其烟尘、SO_2、NOx污染物的排放优于国家标准规定的燃煤工业锅炉大气污染物的排放限值,达到燃油、燃气锅炉的排放标准,同时具有系统全程密闭运行,作业环境良好等特性,在区域供热项目具有广阔的发展空间。     

燃煤产生的NOx控制技术

为减少NOx的危害，改善城市环境与生态环境，必须加强对NOx的排放控制。本文在系统总结和分析国内外燃煤NOx污染控制技术及其经济特点的基础上，提出了我国燃煤NOx污染的控制方向。     

酸雨危害与科技治理最新技术

一、酸雨及其危害近年来，随着世界工业的发展，燃煤电厂和工业锅炉等排放到大气中的SO2和NOx逐年增多。SO2和NOx在大气平流层中经与臭氧反应，阳光照射以及某些金属粉尘（如氧化铁等）的催化作用而形成硫酸和硝酸．进入云中形成酸性降雨。目前，酸雨是全球几大环境问题之一，已引起世界范围的关注。在工业化发达国家的欧洲和北美地区酸雨现象已很普遍，导致农田大面积酸化．谁手继续耕种。大量湖泊酸化．形成“酸性湖”．因而鱼类迅速减少。据文献报道．加拿大、奥地利、澳州的5341个湖泊中，4．1％几乎没有鱼，14．8％的湖泊碱度非常…     

“十三五”除尘脱硫脱硝行业政策导向及发展趋势

从除尘脱硫脱硝行业发展现状和近几年国家有关热点政策出发,分析判断"十三五"期间脱硫脱硝行业发展趋势,提出火电超低排放改造、废脱硝催化剂处理处置、燃煤工业锅炉大气污染治理、非电重点行业除尘脱硫脱硝及第三方专业化治理等方向将成为"十三五"除尘脱硫脱硝行业发展的重要趋势。     

烟尘中多环芳烃的监测

已有资料给出的燃煤工业锅炉所排放烟尘中致癌性多环芳香烃（ＰＡＨｓ）含量悬殊，很难直接用于日常ＰＡＨｓ污染源的评价。作者实测了燃煤工业锅炉所排烟尘中常见的ＰＡＨｓ的含量，其中典型强致癌多环芳香烃苯并（ａ）芘（ＢａＰ）含量为０３５μｇ／ｇ。同时测量了锅炉烟尘排放工况，得到燃烧每千克煤排尘２７５ｇ的排尘率。据此计算得到燃烧每千克煤的ＢａＰ排放量为９６μｇ，该值处于已公布数据范围０３２～９９μｇ／ｋｇ的偏低一侧。并讨论了偏低的可能原因。     

燃煤电厂污染控制技术——我国火电行业汞排放分析及控制对策

新的火电厂大气排放标准的颁布,燃煤电厂汞的排放正式纳入控制标准。本文针对目前我国煤中汞含量及分布、燃煤电厂汞排放的特征、目前国内外燃煤汞排放控制技术的现状及发展趋势,结合我国燃煤电厂大气污染控制发展状况,提出适合我国国情的燃煤电厂汞控制技术措施的建议。     

我国燃煤工业锅炉脱硫除尘技术现状与发展

PresentSituationandDevelopingTrendofDelsulphurandDust－RemovalTechnologyinIndustrialCoal－BoilersinChina编者按由于我国燃料结构以煤为主的特点，致使我国目前大气污染仍以煤烟型污染为主。其中尘和酸雨危害最大，且污染程度还在加剧。因此，控制燃煤烟尘的Wb，对改善大气污染状况至关重要。本文着重对中小型燃煤工业锅炉烟气脱硫除尘技术提出了评述和建议，以期引起有关科研、设计、高校，以及专业环保企业在这个问题上的讨论，引出更多更好的环保技术和产品。近五年来，我国开发出来的燃煤工业锅炉烟气除尘脱硫器很多，已有…     

燃煤锅炉的烟尘排放情况的物料衡算法研究

燃煤锅炉产生的烟尘量与燃料的成分、锅炉的燃烧方式及除尘率有直接的关系,锅炉的燃烧方式分为层式燃烧和悬浮式燃烧,不同燃烧方式的产尘量有很大区别,通过物料衡算方法,尝试对使用不同燃烧方式的工业锅炉和电厂锅炉排放的烟尘量进行定量分析和计算,该法得到的数据较准确,一般接近监测得到的平均数据.     

The Concepts of Energy,Environment, and Cost for Process Design

Abstract

The process industries (specifically, energy and chemicals) are characterized by a variety of reactors and reactions to bring about successful process operations. The design of energy-related and chemical processes and their evolution is a complex process that determines the competitiveness of these industries, as well as their environmental impact. Thus, we have developed an Enviro-Energy Concept designed to facilitate sustainable industrial development. The Complete Onion Model represents a complete methodology for chemical process design and illustrates all of the requirements to achieve the best possible design within the accepted environmental standards. Currently, NOx emissions from industrial processes continue to receive maximum attention, therefore the issue problem of NOx emissions from industrial sources such as power stations and nitric acid plants is considered. The Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) is one of the most promising and effective commercial technologies. It is considered the Best Available Control Technology (BACT) for NOx reduction. The solution of NOx Emissions problem is either through modifying the chemical process design and/or installing an end-of-pipe technology. The degree of integration between the process design and the installed technology plays a critical role in the capital cost evaluation. Therefore, integrating process units and then optimizing the design has a vital effect on the total cost. Both the environmental regulations and the cost evaluation are the boundary constraints of the optimum solution.     

我国燃煤锅炉汞减排工艺措施探讨

面对当前汞污染日益严峻的趋势,分析了燃煤锅炉烟气其它污染物（如二氧化硫、氮氧化物、颗粒物）控制设施及其运行情况,结合所燃用的煤质情况,介绍了燃煤锅炉烟气汞减排各种经济实用的方法,以及选择汞排放控制措施的“抉择树”。根据燃煤锅炉烟气实际情况,确定可采用的汞减排控制技术,必要时采取活性炭喷射脱汞技术（ACI）,最大限度地提高协同除汞效果。同时提出了应注重燃煤残留物中汞的二次污染问题。     

水泥脱硝综合评估分析——以四川省某水泥企业为例

在分析四川省某水泥企业两条新型干法生产线分别采用低氮燃烧技术、SNCR烟气脱硝工程技术特点的基础上,评估了综合采用控制NO X措施后的运行效果,脱硝的经济技术可行性,并从NO X控制技术、环境管理、环境标准以及环境经济等方面提出相关的配套政策建议。     

固定源NO_x排放控制技术研究进展

有效控制固定源NOx排放是解决我国NOx污染的关键之一。本文论述了各种烟气脱硝技术的特点,主要讨论了其中应用最为广泛的NH3-SCR技术的研究进展,包括反应动力学、反应机理以及NH3-SCR的金属氧化物催化剂、分子筛类催化剂和碳基催化剂的研究现状。     

烟气脱硝技术及在我国的应用

氮氧化物气体是危害最大、最难处理的大气污染物之一。随着经济的发展,有效控制燃煤造成的大气污染已经刻不容缓,特别是控制燃煤过程中的氮氧化物,烟气脱硝技术显得相当重要。本文分析了几种常用的烟气脱硝技术（选择性催化还原脱硝技术、选择性非催化还原脱硝技术、碱性溶液吸收法和等离子体活化法等）的原理、技术特点以及在我国的应用情况。     

油漆渣焚烧酸性气体的控制分析

焚烧法能快速去除工业危险废物中的有毒有害成分,但产生的酸性气体如不进行严格控制会引起较严重的二次污染。本文通过对油漆渣的焚烧处理,分别改变温度、过剩空气系数、转轴转速、进料率来调节焚烧炉的运行环境,研究单一工况条件的变化对酸性气体(主要是NOx、SO2)产生的影响,找出适合控制酸性气体(NOx、SO2)产生的最佳工况点。     

燃煤电厂的碳减排技术

介绍了燃煤电厂应对气候变化采取的CO2减排技术路线和适合燃煤电厂的CO2捕集技术,调查了对当前燃煤电厂捕碳项目和清洁煤技术的发展情况.     

Efficient regional ozone control strategies for the eastern United States

When environmental regulatory bodies formulate control plans, it is incumbent upon them to try to achieve the stated goals in an economically efficient manner. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is presently developing regulations to limit the influence of transported ozone on areas that are having difficulty meeting the ambient air quality standard. EPA has proposed stringent control measures for emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) in 22 states of the eastern US. The strategy would necessitate the use of selective catalytic reduction or similar high-performance technology on almost all major power plants in the region, as well as extensive controls on industrial sources. This paper suggests several alternative approaches that would achieve equal or better environmental improvement at lower cost. These include focusing control efforts on sources closer to the North-east Corridor, pushing controls on close-in sources to a higher level of technology performance, and relaxing the stringency of requirements for states remote from ozone problem areas. All the approaches examined are two to three times more cost-effective than EPA's proposed approach in the North-east Corridor.     

Electrochemical NOx reduction and oxidation of HC and PM emissions from biodiesel fuelled diesel engines using electrochemically activated cell

NOx emission is produced during combustion of fuels at high temperature. Excessive release of NOx causes several effects on living organisms and environment. In this work, the efforts to reduce NOx emission by developing electrochemically activated cells (EACs) for a diesel engine fuelled with diesel and biodiesel fuel are discussed. EAC technique is vital after treatment technology attempted in this work to simultaneous control of NOx, HC, and PM emissions. In this method, two types of EACs were developed. The CuO–YSZ electrolyte and CuO–YSZ electrolyte with BaO coating were developed and tested with diesel and biodiesel exhaust. Compared with diesel fuel, use of biodiesel fuel increased NOx emission by 11% and PM emission was slightly reduced with biodiesel, which was due to the presence of fuel bond oxygen content in biodiesel. The investigation has demonstrated low-temperature activation of the EACs at 250–350°C which was due to the addition of CuO to YSZ. In this work, maximum NOx reduction was achieved for CuO–YSZ cells with BaO NOx storage and the simultaneous control of HC and PM emission also was observed in this technique. NOx reduction by EAC is a vital technique and can be retrofitted with any diesel engine for emission reduction.