Probabilistic health risk assessment for residents exposed to potentially toxic elements near typical mining areas in China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Public health problems caused by toxic elements in mining areas have always been an important topic worldwide. However, existing studies have focused...     

A human health risk assessment of rare earth elements in soil and vegetables from a mining area in Fujian Province,Southeast China

Contaminated food through dietary intake has become the main potential risk impacts on human health. This study investigated concentrations of rare earth elements (REEs) in soil, vegetables, human hair and blood, and assessed human health risk through vegetables consumption in the vicinity of a large-scale mining area located in Hetian Town of Changting County, Fujian Province, Southeast China. The results of the study included the following mean concentrations for total and bio-available REEs of 242.92 ± 68.98 (135.85–327.56) μg g⁻¹ and 118.59 ± 38.49 (57.89–158.96) μg g⁻¹ dry weight (dw) in agricultural soil, respectively, and total REEs of 3.58 ± 5.28 (0.07–64.42) μg g⁻¹ dw in vegetable samples. Concentrations of total REEs in blood and hair collected from the local residents ranged from 424.76 to 1274.80 μg L⁻¹ with an average of 689.74 ± 254.25 μg L⁻¹ and from 0.06 to 1.59 μg g⁻¹ with an average of 0.48 ± 0.59 μg g⁻¹ of the study, respectively. In addition, a significant correlation was observed between REEs in blood and corresponding soil samples (R² = 0.6556, p < 0.05), however there was no correlation between REEs in hair and corresponding soils (p > 0.05). Mean concentrations of REEs of 2.85 (0.59–10.24) μg L⁻¹ in well water from the local households was 53-fold than that in the drinking water of Fuzhou city (0.054 μg L⁻¹). The health risk assessment indicated that vegetable consumption would not result in exceeding the safe values of estimate daily intake (EDI) REEs (100−110 μg kg⁻¹ d⁻¹) for adults and children, but attention should be paid to monitoring human beings health in such rare earth mining areas due to long-term exposure to high dose REEs from food consumptions.     

Hydrochemical evaluation of groundwater quality and human health risk assessment of trace elements in the largest mining district of South Khorasan,Eastern Iran

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The groundwater resources of mining areas have been in a challenging condition in terms of metal pollution and human health. Therefore, this study...     

Multiple exposure pathways and health risk assessment of selenium for children in a coal mining area

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Selenium (Se) presents a dual role to human body, harmful or beneficial, depending on its concentration. The exposure to this element has been...     

Study on the distribution characteristics and ecological risk of heavy metal elements in coal gangue taken from 25 mining areas of China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The long-term, high-yield production of coal has resulted in the large-scale accumulation of coal gangue on the ground surface, which causes serious...     

Arsenic and lead in the indoor residential settings of different socio-economic status; assessment of human health risk via dust exposure

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the present study, occurrence of arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) is reported in rural and urban household dust (floor and AC filter dust) of the Kingdom...     

Human health risk assessment due to dietary intake of heavy metals through rice in the mining areas of Singhbhum Copper Belt,India

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The study was intended to investigate heavy metal contamination levels in the rice grown in the vicinity of the mining areas of Singhbhum Copper Belt,...     

Seasonal source identification and source-specific health risk assessment of pollutants in road dust

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Humans who are exposed to metals in road dust may have potential health risks through touching, ingesting, and inhaling the suspended road dust. There...     

Chemical fractionation and risk assessment of trace elements in sewage sludge generated from various states of Pakistan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - In the developing world, rapid urbanization and industrialization produces an enormous volume of wastes daily. This study was aimed to explore the...     

Source,distribution, and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in urban street dust from Tianjin,China

To better assess and understand potential health risk of urban residents exposed to urban street dust, the total concentration, sources, and distribution of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 87 urban street dust samples from Tianjin as a Chinese megacity that has undergone rapid urbanization were investigated. In the meantime, potential sources of PAHs were identified using the principal component analysis (PCA), and the risk of residents’ exposure to PAHs via urban street dust was calculated using the Incremental Lifetime Cancer Risk (ILCR) model. The results showed that the total PAHs (∑PAHs) in urban street dust from Tianjin ranged from 538 μg kg^?1 to 34.3 mg kg^?1, averaging 7.99 mg kg^?1. According to PCA, the two to three- and four to six-ring PAHs contributed 10.3 and 89.7 % of ∑PAHs, respectively. The ratio of the sum of major combustion specific compounds (ΣCOMB)?/?∑PAHs varied from 0.57 to 0.79, averaging 0.64. The ratio of Ant/(Ant?+?Phe) varied from 0.05 to 0.41, averaging 0.10; Fla/(Fla?+?Pyr) from 0.40 to 0.68, averaging 0.60; BaA/(BaA?+?Chry) from 0.29 to 0.51, averaging 0.38; and IcdP/(IcdP?+?BghiP) from 0.07 to 0.37, averaging 0.22. The biomass combustion, coal combustion, and traffic emission were the main sources of PAHs in urban street dust with the similar proportion. According to the ILCR model, the total cancer risk for children and adults was up to 2.55?×?10^?5 and 9.33?×?10^?5, respectively.     

舟山近岸海域贝类中有机氯农药残留水平及人体健康风险评估

于2012年的7月在舟山群岛新区的海域采集贝类样本,测定了其中的有机氯农药残留量,并进行了人体健康风险评估和安全食用量推算。结果表明,采集的5种贝类样本中,六六六(BHCs)的各组分均未被检出,而滴滴涕(DDTs)在各种样本中均有检出,其中僧帽牡蛎和部分縊蛏样本中DDTs总量超过《海洋生物质量标准》(GB 18421—2001)一类标准(10μg/kg);健康风险评估结果显示,贝类样本中α-BHC、β-BHC、γ-BHC、p,p’-滴滴伊(p,p’-DDE)、p,p’-滴滴滴(p,p’-DDD)、p,p’-DDT的总致癌风险指数均低于10-4,致癌风险均在可接受的安全范围,α-BHC、β-BHC、γ-BHC、p,p’-DDE的总接触风险指数均小于1,接触风险指数未超过危害剂量参考值,人体食用舟山近岸海域的贝类是安全的;按可接受的致癌风险指数进行评估,人体的贝类安全消费量为9.8~138.0g/(kg·d)(按体重计,下同),而按可接受的接触风险指数进行评估,人体的贝类安全消费量在24.6~235.0g/(kg·d)。     

Potential ecological and health risk assessment of different kiwifruit orchards in Qianjiang district,Chongqing city,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Heavy metal (HM) pollution in orchards is becoming serious in many countries, and some fruit HMs exceed the safety limits. In this study, contents of...     

Metals and emerging contaminants in groundwater and human health risk assessment

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Groundwaters are normally consumed without previous treatment and therefore the monitoring of contaminants in order to guarantee its safety is...     

Probabilistic health risk assessment of toxic metals in chickens from the largest production areas of Dhaka,Bangladesh

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Chicken is one of the major protein sources and more affordable for the population of Bangladesh. Its quality monitoring is of high priority for food...     

Hormesis: considerations and implications for human health risk assessment

The concept of hormesis as a phenomenon is presented, in the context of its evolving definitions. Predominant types of hormetic effect and potential examples thereof are discussed, focusing on chemicals. The potential for hormesis to affect regulatory approaches and several basic processes used in formulating risk assessment parameters, such as study design, interpretation of dose-response information, and extrapolation of toxicity values, is examined. The potential ramifications for human health risk assessment and risk management are discussed.     

Metal accumulation in Raphanus sativus and Brassica rapa: an assessment of potential health risk for inhabitants in Punjab,Pakistan

Pakistan is an agricultural country and due to the shortage of clean water, most of the irrigated area (32,500 ha) of Pakistan was supplied with wastewater (0.876?×?109 m³/year). Concentrations of heavy metals in radish (Raphanus sativus) and turnip (Brassica rapa) taken from vegetable fields in Sargodha, Pakistan, were measured. Untreated wastewater was used persistently for a long time to irrigate these vegetable fields. A control site was selected that had a history of fresh groundwater irrigation. Mean metal concentrations were found for irrigation water, soil, and vegetables. In irrigation water, concentrations of Mo and Pb at three sites and Se at sites II and III were higher than the recommended limits. In vegetables, concentrations of Mo and Pb were above the maximum permissible limits. High bioconcentration factor was observed for Zn (12.61 in R. sativus and 11.72 in B. rapa) at site I and high pollution load index was found for Pb (3.89 in R. sativus and 3.87 in B. rapa) at site II. The differences in metal concentrations found in samples depended upon different soil nature and assimilation capacities of vegetables at different sites which in turn depended upon different environmental cues. The entrance of metal and metalloids to human body may happen through different pathways; however, the food chain is the chief route through which metals are transferred from vegetables to individuals. Health risk index observed for metals, (Mo, As, Ni, Cu, and Pb) higher than 1 indicated high risk through consumption of these vegetables at three sites.

     

Heavy metal contamination and exposure risk assessment via drinking groundwater in Vehari,Pakistan

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - The presence of toxic substances in aquifers, particularly potentially toxic heavy metals, is an important environmental and social concern worldwide....     

Distribution,sources, and ecological risk assessment of HCHs and DDTs in water from a typical coal mining subsidence area in Huainan,China

Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Coal mining subsidence areas are a special and widespread ecosystem in China and many developing countries in the world. However, limited research has...     

Human health risk assessment of lead,manganese and copper from scrapped car paint dust from automobile workshops in Nigeria

The economic downturn in Nigeria and Structural Adjustment Programme led to the flooding of Nigerian market with imported used automobiles. Most of these vehicles needed refurbishing and reworking. The present study is a human health risk assessment of metal exposure resulting from reworking of imported used vehicles in Nigeria. Scrap paint dusts from 56 Japanese made cars were collected from 8 different mechanic villages (workshops A–H] in Southeastern Nigeria. Scrap paints were homogenized, mixed, divided into fine particles and digested by standard method. The filtrates were assayed of lead, manganese and copper with atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS). Workshop B has the highest concentration of Pb (4.26 ± 0.93). Manganese in workshops A and F were (3.31 ± 0.85) and (3.04 ± 0.47) respectively and were higher than the levels from workshops C, B, D, G and H. Copper in workshop D (7.11 ± 0.21) was significantly greater than the other workshops. The highest hazard quotient (HQ) through ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures in adults were 9.44E−05 (workshop B), 4.20E−01 (workshop B) and 1.08E−05 (workshop D) respectively. The highest values for HQ through ingestion, inhalation and dermal in children were 8.82E−04, 7.61E−01 and 2.86E−05 all in workshop B respectively. For children, the highest carcinogenic risk levels were 7.05E−08, 6.09E−05 and 2.29E−10 for ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures respectively. In adults, the carcinogenic risk levels were 7.55E−09, 3.39E−05 and 8.67E−10 for ingestion, inhalation and dermal exposures respectively. Chronic exposure to scrap car paint dusts may be of significant public health importance in Nigeria as this may add to the body burden of some heavy metals.