吹扫—捕集／气相色谱法测定水中挥发性有机物

为提高样品分析效率,研究并建立了吹扫-捕集／气相色谱／氢火焰检测器联用同时测定水中1,2-二氯乙烷、苯、甲苯、氯苯、乙苯、对-二甲苯、间-二甲苯、苯乙烯、邻-二甲苯、异丙苯、1,4-二氯苯、1,2-二氯苯、硝基苯、1,3,5-三氯苯、1,2,4-三氯苯、1,2,3-三氯苯、六氯丁二烯17种挥发性有机物的分析方法。结果表明,当进样体积为25．0ml时,最低检出限为0．0034-0．1088μg/L,相对标准偏差为1．8％～6．4％,加标平均回收率为97．6％-105．8％。该方法可快速、简便、准确、高灵敏度的测定水中17种挥发性有机物,并适用于饮用水和地表水中挥发性有机物的测定。     

吹扫捕集-GC/MS法测定水中苯系物质量控制指标研究

采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱法,通过统计全国多家实验室的测定数据和实际样品测试两种方法,对水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、间/对二甲苯、邻二甲苯、苯乙烯和异丙苯8种苯系物的平行样测定相对偏差、空白加标回收率及实际样品加标回收率3个质控指标进行了研究,分别给出每种苯系物的质控指标评价标准,提出其平行样测定相对偏差为6.5％ ～13....     

吹扫捕集-GC/MS法测定饮用水中致嗅物质

采用吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定饮用水中6种致嗅物质,优化了吹扫捕集条件。方法线性良好,甲硫醚、二甲二硫、甲苯、异佛尔酮、癸醛、β-环柠檬醛的检出限分别为10.5μg/L、0.558μg/L、0.862μg/L、47.4μg/L、4.75μg/L、3.77μg/L,标准溶液平行测定的RSD≤10.9%,加标回收率为71.0%～125%。     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱法测定土壤中四乙基铅

文章系统研究了土壤中四乙基铅的吹扫捕集-气相色谱质谱测定方法,优化了吹扫捕集前处理条件参数。结果表明,吹扫时间13 min、吹扫温度60℃,脱附温度190℃,脱附时间1 min为最佳的吹扫捕集方法参数。校正曲线的线性关系良好,相关系数大于0.999,方法检出限为0.3 μg/kg。采用该方法测定农田、公路两侧、加油站附近等3种不同类型的土壤样品并进行了加标回收实验,回收率范围为81.5%~108%。     

吹扫捕集GC/MS测定水中VOCs的方法优化

针对传统吹扫捕集方法测定高沸点挥发性有机污染物回收率偏低问题,设计二次正交实验进行方法优化.结果表明,吹扫时间、吹扫速率及冷阱温度分别为19min、70ml/min和-130℃时高沸点化合物的平均回收率明显提高,检出限完全满足EPA方法要求.采用优化后的方法测定了官厅水库中VOCs的含量,VOCs的浓度范围为O.05～5.6ppb.     

吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水中四乙基铅

通过探讨影响四乙基铅富集效率的捕集管类型、吹扫温度和吹扫时间等因素,建立了吹扫捕集-气相色谱法测定水质中四乙基铅的分析方法。实验结果表明,使用Tenax捕集管,在吹扫温度为50℃、吹扫15 min的条件下测定水质中的四乙基铅,捕集效率为97.6%~98.2%,在0~100μg/L范围内线性良好,检出限为0.03μg/L,加标回收率为93.2%~100.5%,相对标准偏差为1.6%~3.2%。方法操作简便快捷、准确、实用且绿色环保不消耗有机溶剂,适于水质中四乙基铅的测定。     

两种吹扫捕集浓缩仪在测定土壤VOCs时的性能比较

从仪器精密度、方法检出限、准确度等角度对吹扫捕集浓缩仪Stratum PTC与Eclipse 4660的性能进行比较。结果表明,大部分分析物用Stratum PTC的方法检出限略高于Eclipse 4660,但精密度比Eclipse 4660稍差;Eclipse 4660用于分析极性的、水溶性物质的效果比Stratum PTC好,回收率更高。两种吹扫捕集仪的测试结果均满足《土壤和沉积物挥发性有机物的测定吹扫捕集/气相色谱-质谱法》(HJ 605-2011)标准方法的指标要求。     

吹扫捕集／气相色谱-质谱联用测定水中26种挥发性有机物

建立了吹扫-捕集与气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）联用测定水中卤代烃、氯苯类化合物和苯系物等挥发性有机物（VOCs）的方法．采用吹扫-捕集法对水中的VOCs进行富集,热解吸后导入GC-MS分离各组分并用选择离子检测（SIM）进行测定,一次进样可同时对水中26种VOCs进行准确定性和定量．VOCs的线性相关系数为0．9974（0．9999,平均加标回收率为92．3％（96．5％,相对标准偏差为1．35％（5．18％（n=6）,方法检出限为0．001（0．05g／L）．     

吹扫捕集气相色谱质谱法测定土壤中挥发性有机物

建立了吹扫捕集气相色谱质谱法同时测定土壤中卤代烃类、苯系物类、氯代苯类等二十多种挥发性有机物.使用模拟土壤和实际土壤样品优化了吹扫时间、吹扫温度等参数;采用内标法绘制了校正曲线,各目标化合物5个浓度水平的响应因子的相对标准偏差均小于20%,相关系数均大于0.999;测定了方法检出限,采用2g土壤,各目标化合物方法检出限界于0.02～1.00μg/kg;对两种总有机碳含量的实际土壤样品进行了加标回收实验,回收率范围64%～123%.     

吹扫捕集气质联用法同时测定水中氯乙烯、乙醛、丙烯醛、丙烯腈、吡啶和松节油

建立了一种采用吹扫捕集气质联用法同时测定水中氯乙烯、乙醛、丙烯醛、丙烯腈、吡啶和松节油的分析方法,研究并优化了吹扫捕集前处理条件参数。结果表明,吹扫时间、吹扫温度和脱附时间是影响目标物的吹扫捕集效率的关键因素;优化后方法线性良好,相关系数均大于0.999,检出限范围为0.20~1.48μg/L,加标回收率范围为86.9%~105%,相对标准偏差为1.1%~9.8%。建立的吹扫捕集GC-MS联用法简便、快速、灵敏度高、定性定量准确可靠,可同时满足对自来水、地表水、地下水等水样中痕量氯乙烯、乙醛、丙烯醛、丙烯腈、吡啶和松节油监测的要求。     

Atmospheric benzene depletion by soil microorganisms

Gaseous benzene was rapidly depleted in exposure chambers containing viable soils and plants. When separate components of the system were analyzed, no benzene was detected in soils, plants, or water. Soil microorganisms were shown to be responsible for metabolizing benzene, yielding CO₂ as the main product. The rates were sufficiently rapid to suggest that this reaction forms a major pathway for the elimination of benzene from the environment.This work was sponsored and conducted at the Environmental Protection Agency-Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory, Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.A.     

不同萃取剂气相色谱法测定水中硝基甲苯类化合物的方法比对研究

采用液-液萃取-毛细管柱气相色谱法,分别用苯和甲苯作萃取剂,对测定水中4种硝基苯类化合物的方法进行比对分析。从精密度、准确度、方法检出限等方面对这2种方法进行系统比对,对实际水样测定结果采用统计学中t检验法进行比对。评价用甲苯代替苯作萃取剂的可行性。结果表明,用甲苯完全可以代替苯。     

GC/MS联用仪对几种自来水中有机污染物的分析

采用美国惠普公司色谱—质谱联用仪，研究了武汉市几种自来水中所含有机污染物的种类、组成及相对含量，得出了这几种水中有机物的分布特征，分析了污染物的来源，并从不同角度比较了这几种水的污染情况。     

顶空-气相色谱/质谱联用法测定水和废水中8种苯系物

采用顶空进样-气相色谱/质谱联用法(HS-GC/MS)测定水和废水中苯、甲苯、乙苯、对二甲苯、间二甲苯、邻二甲苯、异丙苯、苯乙烯等8种苯系物,优化了分析条件,讨论了色谱柱极性、加热温度、平衡时间和进样次数对测定结果的影响。8种苯系物在1.00μg/L～1 000μg/L范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.22μg/L～0.38μg/L,实际样品平行测定的相对标准偏差5.0%,加标回收率在86.0%～115%之间。     

顶空气相色谱法测定土壤中BTEX

本文采用顶空气相色谱法从土壤样品中分离挥发性有机物。应用该技术,苯、甲苯、乙基苯及二甲苯异构体（ＢＴＥＸ）均得到有效分离。该方法有较好的精密度（变异系数６５％,回收率８９～１０３％）和低的检出限（对于苯为０５ｎｇ／ｇ）。土壤样品中加入水或加热,可提高方法的灵敏度。     

吹扫捕集／毛细管气相色谱一质谱法同时测定生活饮用水中12种氧苯类化合物的研究

建立了吹扫捕集法浓缩样品中的氯苯类化合物,气相色谱一质谱法测定生活饮用水中12种氧苯类的方法。经色谱分离后用质谱检测器测定,外标法定量。利用中等极性毛细管柱（DB624,30m×0．25mm×0．25μm）程序升温。达到12种氯苯的分离效果。该方法的检出限范围为0．031～0．78μg／L,标准曲线相关系数为0．997～0．999,相对标准偏差为3％～11％,实际水样加标回收率为75％～107％。本文建立的方法简单,重现性好、检出限低,适用于水中氧代苯类化合物的测定。     

粗苯污染事故应急处理

针对一次苯泄漏事故的应急处理过程、方法进行论述与总结，并分析了事故现场周围地表、地下水中苯污染浓度的变化情况，提出了该类事故的应急措施，以此作为处理同类事故的参考和依据。     

Multivariate statistical study of seasonal variation of BTEX in the surface water of Savitri River

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) analysis was carried out for the surface water of the Savitri river during the period of June 2005 to June 2007. BTEX compounds (Benzene, Toluene, Xylene & Ethyl benzene) were analyzed by using micro extraction technique (Purge & Trap). Concentrations of these BTEX compounds were ranging from 0.1 to 1.5 ppm during sampling period. Higher concentrations of BTEX were found at sampling location VI. Concentration of ethyl benzene was very low as compare to other compounds. However, the concentration of benzene was very high. Seasonal variations in conc. of BTEX compounds were observed and higher concentration was detected during the summer season. Salting-out effect had given higher quantification values. In PCA and PFA, the component loading for all the variables are positively correlated. Death of fishes was observed in the river that is indication of severe pollution problem.     

Determination of volatile organic compounds pollution sources in malaysian drinking water using multivariate analysis

A field investigation was conducted at all water treatment plants throughout 11 states and Federal Territory in Peninsular Malaysia. The sampling points in this study include treatment plant operation, service reservoir outlet and auxiliary outlet point at the water pipelines. Analysis was performed by solid phase micro-extraction technique with a 100 μm polydimethylsiloxane fibre using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry detection to analyse 54 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) of different chemical families in drinking water. The concentration of VOCs ranged from undetectable to 230.2 μg/l. Among all of the VOCs species, chloroform has the highest concentration and was detected in all drinking water samples. Average concentrations of total trihalomethanes (THMs) were almost similar among all states which were in the range of 28.4--33.0 μg/l. Apart from THMs, other abundant compounds detected were cis and trans-1,2-dichloroethylene, trichloroethylene, 1,2-dibromoethane, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, chlorobenzene, 1,4-dichlorobenzene and 1,2-dichloro - benzene. Principal component analysis (PCA) with the aid of varimax rotation, and parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) method were used to statistically verify the correlation between VOCs and the source of pollution. The multivariate analysis pointed out that the maintenance of auxiliary pipelines in the distribution systems is vital as it can become significant point source pollution to Malaysian drinking water.     

便携式GC法测定石油污染地地下水中苯、乙苯和二甲苯

采用便携式气相色谱法测定石油污染地地下水中苯、乙苯和二甲苯,通过试验选择出测定的最佳色谱条件和适宜内标物,并对样品平衡时间、NaCl用量、取样后 VOA瓶中液-气体积比等条件进行优化。试验表明,该方法在0 mg/L～2．00 mg/L范围内线性良好,相关系数均＞0．98;方法检出限为0．05 mg/L ～0．15 mg/L。用该方法和吹扫捕集-气相色谱/质谱联用法同时测定实际水样,两种方法测定结果具有良好的一致性。