树脂吸附法处理硫化促进剂CA生产废水的研究

采用特种吸附树脂处理促进剂CA生产废水，系统地研究了废水的pH值、吸附温度及吸附流量等因素对树脂吸附性能的影响，以及以稀硫酸为脱附剂，其配比、流量、温度等对树脂脱附性能的影响。实验结果表明，特种吸附树脂对该废水具有良好的吸附，脱附效果，废水经吸附处理后，CODCr浓度由20000mg／L左右降至300mg／L以下，CODCr去除率达98％以上。该工艺简单，运行稳定，操作简便，可望实现工业化。     

交联聚乙烯亚胺螯合树脂对锌离子的吸附研究

以聚丙烯腈(PAN)大孔树脂为载体，将活性组分聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)通过化学涂敷手段交联在其表面，制备出一种新型交联螯合树脂。本文考察了此树脂对溶液中锌离子的吸附性能，开展了饱和吸附容量、等温吸附曲线、pH影响曲线以及吸附速度曲线等实验。结果表明，此交联螯合树脂具有对锌离子吸附能力强、吸附速度快等特点，可望用于含锌废水的处理及回收。     

粘土矿物与重金属界面反应的研究进展

介绍了3种粘土吸附剂：蒙脱石、高岭石和伊利石对重金属的吸附、脱附等界面反应机理，以及粘土矿物对重金属的选择性及对吸附的影响因素。另外，还探讨了为提高其吸附性能而进行的改性方法。     

L-半胱氨酸改性甲壳素处理含铅、镉工业废水

研究了L-半胱氨酸改性甲壳素作为吸附剂对Pb^2 、Cd^2 的动态吸附性能，同时考察了流速、溶液中离子的含量、吸附剂的相对用量等因素对吸附效果的影响，以及洗脱液的种类和酸度、洗脱速度、洗脱液体积等因素对解吸率的影响。结果表明，用该吸附剂填装的吸附柱对含Pb^2 、Cd^2 工业废水直接进行处理，处理后的水达到了排放标准。     

锰矿尾渣改性壳聚糖对Pb^2＋的吸附

将工业废弃物锰矿尾渣与壳聚糖混合制得一种高效吸附斛，并应用扫描电镜、X射线衍射对其结构进行了表征。采用正交表设计试验，分别考察了pH值、吸附时间、温度、复合吸附剂的投加量等4个影响因素对Pb^2＋吸附的影响，最佳吸附条件为：pH值为7，吸附时问为40mjn，温度为20℃，复合吸附剂的投加量为0．10g。处理后的水符合国家污水综合排放标准（GB8978．1996）中的一级标准。复合吸附剂对Pb^2＋的吸附符合Langmuir和Freundlich吸附等温方程。     

负载IB族金属海泡石吸附NO性能的研究

采用浸渍法制备了负载IB族元素的系列金属基海泡石，用气相色谱等手段对制得的金属基海泡石对NO的吸附性能进行研究，并且对灼烧温度、金属负载量、分散度和压力等影响因素进行了讨论。实验结果表明，经过酸改性、负载金属后的海泡石对NO的吸附能力比原矿有很大的提高；选择出Cu／海泡石的最佳灼烧温度为300℃，最佳Cu负载量为5％；并证明在实验条件下Cu／海泡石上的NO吸附符合经验吸附等温式。     

木屑和花生壳吸附去除水溶液中Cr^3＋的试验研究

以废弃物木屑和花生壳作为吸附剂，进行了吸附去除水中Cr^3＋的试验。研究了溶液pH值、初始Cr^3＋浓度以及温度等因素对这2种吸附剂去除Cr^3＋作用的影响，对吸附曲线作了线性拟合，确定了相应的平衡吸附率，在Cr^3＋初始浓度为1、5、10和20mg／L时，木屑对Cr^3＋的平衡吸附率为81％、68％、56％和40％，花生壳依次为77％、63％、53％和42％，并探讨了这2种吸附剂对溶液中Cr^3＋的吸附机理。     

吸附法净化低浓度废气实验研究

本文探讨了用活性炭吸附低浓度苯类废气进，空塔气速和气流在吸附层的接触时间对吸附过程的影响，研究了活性炭在已经吸附若干质量的苯类物质以后的吸附。据此绘制了空塔气速一吸附效率和活性炭含苯率一吸附效率等关系曲线，工进行了活性炭再生的研究。研究表明，使用活性炭可以有效地净化低浓度苯类废气。     

东京根霉对重金属Cr^3＋、Mn^2＋和Zn^2＋的吸附研究

利用固定化发酵中产生的废菌体——东京根霉（Rhizopustonkinesis）去除废水中Cr^3＋、Mn^2＋和Zn^2＋,研究了预处理、pH、温度、金属离子初始浓度、吸附时间等条件对吸附量的影响。结果表明，用NaOH浸泡4—6h、在pH=5—6，温度25-35℃时吸附效果最好，用Langmuir、Freundlich和Temkin方程对其吸附等温线进行拟合，相关性都比较好；用不同的吸附动力学方程描述东京根霉吸附金属离子的最优和最次模型分别为Elovich方程和一级扩散方程，双常数方程和抛物线扩散方程拟合介于前二者之间。     

水杨酸生产废水的治理与资源化

采用新型超高交联吸附树脂NDA-800吸附法处理水杨酸生产废水，试验结果表明，NDA-800超高交联吸附树脂对水杨酸生产废水有良好的处理效果。当进水CODCr值约20000mg／L，苯酚和水杨酸含量分别为6000mg／L和1300mg／L左右时，经过NDA-800树脂一级吸附处理，出水的CODCr、苯酚等污染指标均可达到排放标准，同时实现了水杨酸生产废水中苯酚和水杨酸等化工资源的生产回用。     

吸附法处理预焙阳极沥青烟研究现状与进展

预焙阳极生产过程中产生的沥青烟气严重污染环境并危害人类健康。目前,沥青烟的治理方法主要有四种,即吸收法、燃烧法、静电捕集法及吸附法。前三种方法处理费用高、应用范围窄,并有二次污染等问题。吸附法工艺简单、净化效率高、无二次污染,是一种很有发展前途的方法。在综合评述吸附法治理沥青烟研究及应用现状的基础上,提出了吸附法治理沥青烟今后的研究工作重点：（1）易吸附／脱附沥青烟的高效滤料开发;（2）吸附及再生装置与工艺的开发改进。     

Removal of indigenous compounds to determine maximum capacities for adsorption of phenanthrene by sediments

The maximum amounts of phenanthrene that can be adsorbed in both the slowly desorbing domain and the very slowly desorbing domain of two sediments were determined. To this end, native compounds were removed by mild solvent extraction, heating, or extraction by Tenax. Maximum capacities for adsorption of phenanthrene in the very slowly desorbing domain after removal of native compounds by heating the sediments at 300 degrees C for 24 h were comparable to those after extraction with Tenax at 60 degrees C for 13 days. Mild solvent extraction resulted in lower capacities due to incomplete removal of native compounds. For the slowly desorbing domain, heating the sediment or performing mild solvent resulted in maximum capacities for adsorption exceeding those obtained after non-invasive extraction with Tenax. That was taken to indicate alterations of the sorbent by the solvent or high temperature resulting in an overestimation of the maximum capacities for adsorption. It is concluded that for the determination of maximum capacities of adsorption in the very slowly desorbing domain, removal of native compounds by heating at 300 degrees C for 24 h is reliable and practical. However, for the determination of maximum adsorption capacities of the slowly desorbing domain, native compounds have to be removed by a non-invasive technique such as extraction by Tenax.     

微型舱模拟室内环境中活性炭净化甲醛的能力

利用微型实验舱(0.04 m3)模拟室内甲醛环境进行活性炭吸附实验,研究吸附后甲醛浓度随时间的变化趋势,计算活性炭对甲醛的净化效率、吸附速率和饱和吸附量,探索活性炭对室内甲醛的吸附规律.研究发现,当甲醛含量为0 ～0.40 mg,活性炭用量为0.5g时,舱内甲醛浓度随时间延长呈指数递减变化趋势,吸附后0～0.5 h甲醛浓度递减得最快,0.5～2h递减速度变缓,2～4h甲醛浓度基本上保持不变;研究E0A1、E1A4曲线斜率K及活性炭甲醛净化效率发现,每次吸附过程活性炭吸附2h可达到吸附平衡,活性炭进行3次吸附平衡即可达到吸附饱和,每次实验第一次吸附过程、每次吸附过程前半小时活性炭对甲醛的吸附能力最强;活性炭的吸附速率在吸附初期迅速降低,最后趋近于0;等量椰壳活性炭在一定浓度的污染物环境中饱和吸附量是个定值.说明使用活性炭净化室内甲醛有一定的规律可循.     

Efficient biosorption of chromium(VI) ion by dry Araucaria leaves

Background

In this paper, batch removal of hexavalent chromium from aqueous solutions by Araucaria heterophylla leaves was investigated. The batch experiments were conducted to study the adsorption of metal species and effect of different pH, contact time, metal concentration, biosorbent concentration, and adsorption capacity.

Method

Freundlich and Langmuir??s isotherm model were used to describe the adsorption behavior, and the experimental results fitted Freundlich model well.

Results

The adsorption efficiency observed for all chromium concentrations, i.e., 1, 3, 5, and 10?mg/L was 100% and the equilibrium was achieved in 30?min for 1 and 3?mg/L, whereas for 5 and 10?mg/L, it was less than 60?min. FTIR spectra was taken to identify functional groups involved in the biosorption.

Conclusion

Thus, Araucaria leaves can be considered as one of the cheap and efficient biosorbent for toxic hexavalent chromium removal from natural or wastewaters.     

Ni adsorption and Ni-Al LDH precipitation in a sandy aquifer: an experimental and mechanistic modeling study

Mining activities and industries have created nickel (Ni) contaminations in many parts of the world. The objective of this study is to increase our understanding of Ni adsorption and Nickel-Aluminium Layered Double Hydroxide (Ni-Al LDH) precipitation to reduce Ni mobility in a sandy soil aquifer. At pH ≥7.2 both adsorption and Ni-Al LDH precipitation occurred. In batch experiments with the sandy soil up to 70% of oxalate-extractable Al was taken up in LDH formation during 56 days. In a long term column experiment 99% of influent Ni was retained at pH 7.5 due to Ni adsorption (≈34%) and Ni-Al LDH precipitation (≈66%) based on mechanistic reactive transport modeling. The subsequent leaching at pH 6.5 could be largely attributed to desorption. Our results show that even in sandy aquifers with relatively low Al content, Ni-Al LDH precipitation is a promising mechanism to immobilize Ni.     

生物沸石球强化吸附氨氮废水的动力学研究

用一种具有多孔结构特征的沸石球作为载体固定化硝化细菌强化吸附氨氮废水。结果表明,沸石球能快速固定化硝化细菌,吸附动力学表明150 min对氨氮吸附容量达到2.816 mg/g,而且还有继续增加的趋势。假二级动力学方程和Elovich模型的精确拟合说明,生物沸石球对氨氮的吸附过程可能是非均相扩散起作用及以化学吸附反应为主的复杂转化过程。扩散拟合结果表明,氨氮在生物沸石球的吸附是以液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散为吸附速率的控制步骤,活性的硝化细菌对氨氮的硝化使氨氮在微孔的吸附得到了强化。     

pH对活化前后废弃铁铝泥吸附不同种磷动力学的影响

实验研究了300℃热活化前后的给水厂废弃铁铝泥（R-FARs和H300-FARs）对正磷酸盐、聚磷酸盐和有机磷酸盐的吸附动力学特性,并考察pH对不同磷吸附动力学的影响。结果表明,pH对不同磷吸附动力学过程的影响趋势相似,即低pH有利于吸附。准二级动力学模型能够更真实地反映不同磷在R-FARs和H300-FARs的吸附动力学行为,由拟合结果可知焦磷酸盐和六肌醇磷酸盐的初始吸附速率相对较大,而甘油磷酸盐最小;且活化作用明显提高了不同磷的初始吸附速率,并减弱了pH对初始吸附速率的影响。不同磷的吸附速率受到液膜扩散、颗粒内扩散和吸附反应三者共同控制,其中吸附反应是主要的控制步骤。     

The adsorption of benzene and methylethylketone onto activated carbon: thermodynamic aspects.

The adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), exemplified by benzene and methylethylketone (MEK), onto seven different types of activated carbon was investigated. Results show that for benzene adsorption the adsorption characteristic energy, enthalpy, free energy and entropy are in the range 17.12-36.86, -20.8 to -44.7, -11.89 to -16.22 kJ/mole and -29.4 to -85.3 J/mole/K, respectively. For the adsorption of MEK, the adsorption characteristic energy, enthalpy, free energy and entropy are in the range 14.47-32.34, -18.3 to -40.8, -10.78 to -15.56 kJ/mole and -24.8 to approximately -60.3 J/mole/K, respectively. The adsorption enthalpy can be calculated indirectly from statistical thermodynamic method and directly from the immersion enthalpy method. The adsorption characteristic energy is calculated by the Dubinin-Astokhov equation. The free energy is calculated by the measured equilibrium adsorption constant.     

超高交联吸附树脂对有机物质甲苯的吸附热力学研究

比较了2种超高交联聚苯乙烯吸附树脂NDa99与ZH-04对甲苯的静态吸附行为.结果表明,在288～293 K和研究的浓度范围内,ZH-04、NDa99对甲苯的吸附平衡数据符合Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温方程.吸附为放热过程,适当降低温度有利于吸附,并计算了甲苯在ZH-04和NDa99树脂上的吸附焓变、自由能变和熵变,对吸附行为进行了合理的解释,为废水处理提供一定的理论依据.     

超高交联吸附树脂对有机物质甲苯的吸附热力学研究

比较了2种超高交联聚苯乙烯吸附树脂NDa99与ZH-04对甲苯的静态吸附行为.结果表明,在288～293 K和研究的浓度范围内,ZH-04、NDa99对甲苯的吸附平衡数据符合Freundlich和Langmuir吸附等温方程.吸附为放热过程,适当降低温度有利于吸附,并计算了甲苯在ZH-04和NDa99树脂上的吸附焓变、自由能变和熵变,对吸附行为进行了合理的解释,为废水处理提供一定的理论依据.