测定氨标样的两种方法比较

采用测定水中氨的方法与采用测定空气中氨的方法进行比较,分别用两种测定氨的方法对标样进行测定,得出用水中测定氨的方法测定"空气中的氨"标样比用空气中氨的方法更加简单、方便,结果较好.用两种方法分别对环境样品进行测定,测定结果基本一致,进一步验证了测定水中氨的方法可以用于"空气中的氨"测定.     

碘量法与定电位电解法测定SO2的比较与讨论

1 前言 碘量法为我国环境监测系统广泛采用的测定固定污染源排放SO_2的统一方法,定电位电解法为试行方法。两种方法测定结果的可比性,一直受到环境监测人员的关注。本文对两种方法测定标准气和烟气中SO_2的结果进行了比较。两种方法测定SO_2标准气结果均准确,但测定烟气样品的结果误差范围大,对此进行了讨论,并从方法学的角度提出运用和看待两种方法的观点。     

离子选择电极法与离子色谱法测定生活饮用水中氟化物的比较

为比较离子选择电极法和离子色谱法测定水中氟化物是否存在显著性差异,分别使用两种方法测定了永州市两个集中式生活饮用水水源地的地表水中含氟量。并采用SPSS13.0软件对两种方法测定结果进行了统计检验。其检验结果显示,两种方法的精密度、准确度和测定结果无显著性差异,均可作为测定生活饮用水中氟含量的方法。     

煤的工业分析中挥发分测定方法的探讨与改进

针对现有国家标准方法中煤的挥发分测定操作繁琐,特别是含水量较高的煤样测定结果偏差较大的问题,通过试验提出实用有效的改进方法,简化了操作程序,提高了测试结果的准确性。     

浑浊水体的金属离子水样保存方法探讨

在水质分析中金属离子测定随着水样处理保护方法不同,其结果存在很大差异。本文对浑浊水体中金属离子保护方法提出了新的见解,并以4种不同的浑浊水样为样品,试验了两种不同保存水样的方法。即水样直接加酸保护和水样澄清后加酸保护。实验结果表明,两种不同的水样保存方法,测定结果相差很大,水样直接加酸保护的金属离子测定结果高出水样澄清后加酸保护金属离子测定结果的几倍乃至几十倍。对于实验测定结果,本文从金属离子在水体中的存在形态等方面进行了分析和讨论,并提出了水样保存方法的建设性意见。     

紫外分光光度法测定污水COD值的误差分析研究

针对紫外分光光度法测定污水COD值的误差分析问题,给出了实验的仪器和试剂的配制方法,如测试主要仪器设备和主要试剂的配制,介绍了测定水样的采集地点,介绍了重铬酸钾法的测定原理及步骤,重铬酸钾法的测定原理和重铬酸钾法的测定步骤,紫外分光光度法的测定原理及步骤,如紫外分光光度法的测定原理和紫外分光光度法的测定步骤,并对结果进行了讨论,紫外分光光度法,标准曲线的确定,测定的结果比较和方法的准确度和精密度比较.     

用化学荧光溶氧仪测定生化需氧量(BOD5)研究

文章介绍了化学荧光溶氧仪法测定生化需氧量的测定方法,用该方法测定生化需氧量标准样品,得到的精密度和准确度均较好.通过与传统碘量法进行实际样品比对,用数理统计的方法对两种方法测定结果进行了比较,对于地表水和污水的测定,两种方法的测定结果无显著差异.建立的化学荧光溶氧仪测定BOD5方法精密度和准确度可以满足实际样品的测定.     

微回流比色测定仪与滴定法测定水中COD值的方法对比

简单介绍了微回流法和滴定法测定水中COD浓度值的原理及方法,着重对两种方法的测定结果进行了对比,并通过统计验证,证明两种方法无显著性差异.     

氨氮测定方法的对比研究

用酶法和纳氏试剂分光光度法对跌水曝池生物滤池的进、出水中的氨氮进行了测定,用数理统计中的t检验法对两种方法的测定值进行了比较,结果表明:酶法具有测定结果准确、测定成分浓度范围宽、干扰少等优点,此快速、简便的方法适用于水中氨氮的测定。     

紫外分光光度法在测定化学需氧量中影响因素及预处理的探讨

研究了紫外分光光度法直接测定水中化学需氧量的方法,在试验了某些因素对测定结果影响的基础上,提出了对水样预处理的方法,确定了最佳试验方案。     

Modelling of the relationship betwen trace elements and three species of sulfur in coal

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Modelling of the relationship between trace elements and three species of sulfur in coal

Based on the determination of several trace elements in coal particulate of different specific gravity, three-variables regression equations relate the contents of trace elements Be, Cd, Co, Pb, Cu, Ni, As and three species of sulfur in coal were well established. For elements Cd, Co, Pb, Cu and Ni, the regression equations were successfully used for prediction of these trace elements in individual part of coal with different specific gravity. Factor analysis was also used to analyze the data sets. The results showed that a three factor model can interpret the data sets reasonably. Trace elements Cd, Co, Pb, Cu, Ni, inorganic sulfide and total sulfur in coal are high correlated with the first factor. Trace elements Be, sulfate and organic sulfide are high correlated with the second factor and trace elements Cr and As are high correlated with the third factor. The factors can be interpreted by the chemical properties of these elements.     

L-半胱氨酸预还原-HG-AFS法测定原煤中总砷

采用L-半胱氨酸为预还原剂,建立了氢化物发生原子荧光法测定原煤中总砷的方法。考察了仪器条件、氢化物发生条件、L-半胱氨酸浓度对砷的荧光信号的影响,并进行了共存元素的干扰实验。结果表明,砷的检出限为0.22μg/L,相对标准偏差在0.87%左右。用标准参考物质煤飞灰对方法进行了验证,所得结果与标准参考值相符。本法测定原煤中的总砷含量,样品相对误差在0.73%~5.3%,结果满意。     

用燃烧氧化-库仑电极法测定煤质全硫

阐述了三德SDSM-Ⅳ智能定硫仪测定煤中全硫的原理,建立了煤质中含硫量的测定方法,并对标准样品和实际样品进行了测定,结果表明:对三种浓度含硫煤样进行7次平行测定,相对标准偏差RSD≤2.4%,方法的精密度较好;测定含硫量为0.52%的标准煤样相对误差为0.4%,测定含硫量为2.74%的标准煤样相对误差为0.7%,准确度符合要求。结合工作中经验,为今后运用此方法进行测定提供了借鉴和依据。     

Stepwise multiple regression method of greenhouse gas emission modeling in the energy sector in Poland

The energy sector in Poland is the source of 81% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Poland, among other European Union countries, occupies a leading position with regard to coal consumption. Polish energy sector actively participates in efforts to reduce GHG emissions to the atmosphere, through a gradual decrease of the share of coal in the fuel mix and development of renewable energy sources. All evidence which completes the knowledge about issues related to GHG emissions is a valuable source of information. The article presents the results of modeling of GHG emissions which are generated by the energy sector in Poland. For a better understanding of the quantitative relationship between total consumption of primary energy and greenhouse gas emission, multiple stepwise regression model was applied. The modeling results of CO₂ emissions demonstrate a high relationship (0.97) with the hard coal consumption variable. Adjustment coefficient of the model to actual data is high and equal to 95%. The backward step regression model, in the case of CH₄ emission, indicated the presence of hard coal (0.66), peat and fuel wood (0.34), solid waste fuels, as well as other sources (− 0.64) as the most important variables. The adjusted coefficient is suitable and equals R² = 0.90. For N₂O emission modeling the obtained coefficient of determination is low and equal to 43%. A significant variable influencing the amount of N₂O emission is the peat and wood fuel consumption.     

Stepwise multiple regression method of greenhouse gas emission modeling in the energy sector in Poland

The energy sector in Poland is the source of 81% of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Poland, among other European Union countries, occupies a leading position with regard to coal consumption. Polish energy sector actively participates in efforts to reduce GHG emissions to the atmosphere, through a gradual decrease of the share of coal in the fuel mix and development of renewable energy sources. All evidence which completes the knowledge about issues related to GHG emissions is a valuable source of information. The article presents the results of modeling of GHG emissions which are generated by the energy sector in Poland. For a better understanding of the quantitative relationship between total consumption of primary energy and greenhouse gas emission, multiple stepwise regression model was applied. The modeling results of CO₂ emissions demonstrate a high relationship (0.97) with the hard coal consumption variable. Adjustment coefficient of the model to actual data is high and equal to 95%. The backward step regression model, in the case of CH₄ emission, indicated the presence of hard coal (0.66), peat and fuel wood (0.34), solid waste fuels, as well as other sources (-0.64) as the most important variables. The adjusted coefficient is suitable and equals R² = 0.90. For N₂O emission modeling the obtained coefficient of determination is low and equal to 43%. A significant variable influencing the amount of N₂O emission is the peat and wood fuel consumption.     

高温炉加碘量法测定煤的含硫量

煤的含硫量一般采用高温炉燃烧-定电位电解法测定产生的二氧化硫,通过计算得到结果。由于分析设备故障,定电位电解部分损坏。通过试验和研究发现,高温炉燃烧加碘量法测定煤的含硫量,亦能得到很好的结果,可用于煤中含硫量的测定。     

煤炭燃烧排砷水平与控制技术研究

煤炭是我国目前的主要一次能源之一,燃煤中的重金属污染愈来愈受到重视,如何控制煤炭中砷向环境中扩散,减轻环境污染是近年来重要的研究课题.通过开展对铁法煤业集团内部高砷煤和低砷煤的动力配煤燃烧试验,分析动力配煤燃烧过程中的砷迁移水平,研究铁法煤业集团内部动力配煤燃烧过程中的砷迁移规律和动力配煤降砷的可行性,并为开展最佳动力配煤操作数据提供理论依据,为高砷煤燃烧控制砷的排放寻找治理途径,提高煤炭资源的最大利用效率.     

氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定烧结物中的总砷含量

采用氢化物发生原子荧光光谱法测定了烧结物中的总砷含量。烧结物样品通过高压焖罐消解后测定。As^V的线性范围为0－300μg/L。用标准参考物质煤飞灰对方法进行了验证,所得结果与标准参考值相符。本法测定烧结物中总砷含量,样品相对标准偏差小于4％,结果满意。     

长三角高速铁路网建设对江苏省煤炭铁路运输能力的影响

铁路运输是我国煤炭运输的重要方式。我国高速铁路的建设不仅对经济社会发展产生重大影响,也释放出一定的运能,促进铁路煤炭运输能力的提升。文章以江苏省为实证区域,针对江苏省铁路运煤特点,构建计算方法,估算了长三角高速铁路建设之前,京沪、沪宁等高速铁路通车后,以及长三角高速铁路网初步形成后江苏省主要铁路运煤线路的运输能力。结果表明：在长三角高速铁路建设之前,江苏铁路运煤线路受制于大量开行高等级旅客列车、线路技术等级低、施工维护等因素,煤炭运输压力巨大;随着长三角高铁建设的不断推进,一些铁路运煤线路运能得到释放;今后随着高速铁路网络的形成,“客货分线”得以实现,加上规划新建的铁路,铁路运煤能力将有较大提升。