广东海丰湿地生态恢复进程中不同生境的土壤微生物特征分析

土壤微生物能够敏感反应湿地生态系统质量变化及功能演变.为了探索土壤微生物在生态恢复措施下的变化及响应机制,采用高通量测序技术研究了广东海丰湿地在生态恢复进程中4种不同生境(植被恢复区、乡土植被区、潮沟和光滩)的土壤微生物群落结构与多样性特征及其影响因素.结果表明,4种不同生境土壤理化性质差异显著,表现为潮沟土壤TC、TN、TOC和TK含量最高,且植被恢复区土壤的TC、TN和TP含量显著高于光滩.潮沟和光滩上EC值显著高于植被恢复区和乡土植被区.细菌在潮沟中多样性指数和丰度最高,且植被恢复区土壤细菌丰度和多样性显著高于光滩;古菌群落结构在潮沟中比其他3种生境显著复杂,多样性与丰度更高;而真菌在乡土植被区的多样性指数和丰度显著高于其他生境,群落结构也最为复杂.TN和TC是影响细菌群落的主要因素;TN和EC是影响古菌群落的主要因素,而pH、TP和TN是影响真菌群落关键性因素.由此可见,在生态恢复过程中,光滩上植被的定植增加了土壤微生物群落多样性和丰富度,生态恢复初见成效,研究结果可为光滩生态修复策略的选择提供理论依据.     

不同植被群落表层土壤中细菌群落多样性

对3种不同植被群落(海桐、雪松、桂花)表层土壤中的pH、w(TOC)、w(TN)和w(TP)进行了测定,采用DGGE(变性梯度凝胶电泳)方法对各植被群落表层土壤细菌的16S rDNA V3~V6可变区扩增片段进行了分析,利用分析得到的图谱数据与表层土壤中的pH、w(TOC)、w(TN)和w(TP)进行了群落-理化因子相关性分析以及CCA(典范对应分析). 结果表明,不同植被群落表层土壤的pH和养分含量不同,其中w(TOC)和w(TN)的差异显著(P<0.05),而pH和w(TP)的差异不显著(P>0.05). DGGE图谱分析结果揭示,不同植被群落表层土壤的细菌群落结构明显不同. 聚类分析显示,海桐和雪松的细菌群落组成和结构最为相似(82%),而它们与桂花样地的相似性(55%)相对较低,桂花样地的Shannon-Wiener指数最高且与其他2个样地差异显著,雪松样地的均匀度指数最高. 相关性分析和CCA结果进一步表明,w(TOC)和w(TN)是表层土壤细菌群落结构和多样性的显著影响因素,并且植被群落可能通过其根系分泌物产生间接影响.      

有机肥处理对旱地红壤细菌群落及玉米生产力的影响

为探明旱地红壤细菌群落特征及玉米生产力对不同有机肥处理的响应，基于自2002年设置在中国科学院鹰潭红壤生态实验站的有机培肥长期定位试验，采用Illumina高通量测序，研究不同有机肥（不施肥，M0；低量有机肥，M1；高量有机肥，M2；高量有机肥加石灰，M3）处理下土壤细菌群落多样性和结构以及玉米生产力的变化.结果发现，与M0相比，土壤pH、有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）含量和玉米生产力在不同有机肥（M1、M2和M3）处理下均显著增加，其中M3处理的提升效果最佳.施用有机肥显著提高了土壤细菌群落的Shannon、Evenness、Chao1与ACE指数，重塑了细菌群落结构.基于随机森林模型分析，土壤性质中的pH和TP显著影响土壤细菌多样性，而pH、SOM、TP和TN对土壤细菌群落结构影响显著.相关性分析和结构方程模型分析表明，土壤TP和SOM可以通过改变土壤细菌多样性和群落组成间接影响玉米生产力.研究结果从指导我国南方红壤区农田合理施肥的角度，为农田土壤质量提高及耕地产能提升提供科学依据.     

太岳山不同林龄人工油松林土壤微生物特征

油松（Pinus tabuliformis Carr.）具有保土保肥和改善水土流失的作用,是黄土高原地区植被恢复中广泛使用的树种.为了探究土壤微生物多样性和群落结构对人工油松林演替的响应及其环境因子驱动机制,以太岳山脉潘家山10、20和30 a人工油松林土壤为研究对象,基于野外采样、室内理化分析和高通量测序等手段,分析不同林龄表层和亚表层土壤微生物群落结构、多样性及其与土壤理化性质之间的关系.结果表明：(1)30 a的人工油松林演替显著改变了土壤养分状况. SOM、TN、NH4+-N、NO3--N、AP和AK均随演替的进行显著升高;TP和TK含量随演替年限逐渐降低.(2)不同林龄油松林土壤真菌的优势门为子囊菌门、担子菌门和被孢菌门,细菌的优势门为放线菌门、变形菌门、酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和芽单胞菌门.(3)油松林土壤微生物中细菌占绝对优势,真菌和细菌拷贝数随林龄增加均显著增加,30 a油松林土壤真菌拷贝数和细菌拷贝数分别是10 a油松林的6.61倍和2.55倍.(4)随着林龄增加,土壤真菌多样性显著下降.属水平上,子囊菌门中青霉菌属相对丰度大幅下降,达21.07%,担子菌门中红菇属相对丰度...     

芦芽山华北落叶松林土壤剖面细菌群落分布格局

微生物群落是维持森林土壤生态系统结构和功能的关键组分.细菌群落在土壤剖面上的垂直分布对森林土壤碳库和土壤营养循环具有重要影响.利用Illumina MiSeq高通量测序技术,分析了芦芽山华北落叶松(Larix principis-rupprechtii)林腐殖质层及0～80 cm土层细菌群落特征,探究影响土壤剖面细菌群落结构的驱动机制.结果表明,细菌群落的α多样性随土壤深度的增加显著单调降低,群落结构在土壤剖面上有显著差异.放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)的相对丰度随着土壤深度增加而降低;酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)的相对丰度随土层深度的增加而增加.RDA分析结果表明,土壤NH⁺₄、 TC、 TS、 WCS、 pH、 NO^-₃和TP是决定土壤剖面细菌群落结构的重要因子,其中pH的影响最为显著.分子生态网络分析表明,凋落物层和亚表层土壤(10～20 cm)细菌群落的复杂性较高,深层(40～80 cm)土壤细...     

磷石膏和碱蓬对盐渍化土壤水盐及细菌群落结构的影响

盐渍土改良是农田土壤环境不可忽视的重要问题,土壤盐分的改变势必会影响土壤细菌群落.试验基于河套灌区中度盐渍土,以当地无改良措施枸杞园为对照(CK),设施加磷石膏(LSG)、枸杞间种碱蓬(JP)及施加磷石膏和枸杞间种碱蓬(LSG+JP)的改良处理,探究枸杞生育期内不同改良方式对土壤水分、盐分、养分和细菌群落结构多样性的影响.结果表明,相较CK,在开花期至落叶期LSG+JP显著降低了土壤EC值和pH值(P<0.05),平均降低39.96%和7.25%;全生育期内LSG+JP显著提高了土壤有机质(OM)和速效磷(AP)含量(P<0.05),年平均提高81.85%和203.50%;开花期和落叶期LSG+JP显著提高了全氮(TN)含量(P<0.05),年平均提高48.91%.改良初期LSG+JP的Shannon指数较CK提高了3.31%和6.54%,Chao1指数较CK提高了24.95%和43.26%;土壤优势菌门为变形菌门、拟杆菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门,优势菌属为鞘脂单胞菌属.开花期至落叶期改良处理的变形菌门相对丰度较CK增加了0.50%～16.27%,改良处理的放线菌门相对...     

再生水灌溉对土壤化学性质及可培养微生物的影响

通过室内土柱模拟实验,探讨再生水灌溉对土壤化学性质和可培养微生物的影响,从而为再生水回用评价提供数据支持.结果表明,在土壤化学性质方面,再生水灌溉可显著提高土壤有机质(OM)和全氮(TN)含量,而对土壤总磷(TP)、速效磷(AP)和pH值无显著影响.在微生物数量方面,再生水灌溉可显著提高表层0~20 cm细菌和放线菌数量,而对20~40 cm和40~60 cm土层三大微生物类群数量影响较小.在微生物种类方面,不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)是再生水灌区的优势菌属,芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)是自来水灌区的优势菌属;自来水灌区特有种属4个,再生水灌区特有种属6个;再生水灌溉对表层0~20cm土壤微生物群落Shannon多样性无影响,使土壤微生物群落Pielou均匀度降低,可提高土壤微生物群落Margalef丰富度.通过SPSS 17.0对土壤微生物数量和土壤化学性质进行相关性分析表明,土壤微生物数量与OM、TN、TP和AP含量呈正相关,与土壤pH值、含水量(SWC)呈负相关;通过CANOCO 4.5对土壤微生物种类与土壤化学性质进行DCA去趋势分析和RDA冗余分析表明,AP含量与微生物群落相关性最强(P=0.002),TP和TN对链球菌属(Streptococcus)、气球菌属(Aerococcus)和奈瑟氏球菌属(Neisseria)的影响较大,OM和AP对气单胞菌属(Aeromonas)、动性球菌属(Planococcus)和盐杆菌属(Halobacterium)影响较大.     

典型生物滞留池细菌群落结构及多样性特征

为了解生物滞留池的细菌群落多样性特征,选取珠海市3个典型生物滞留池为样点,采集19个土壤样本,基于16S rRNA基因高通量测序技术,分析了生物滞留池的细菌群落结构及多样性,探讨了细菌群落与土壤因子的关系及生态功能。结果表明：珠海市生物滞留池的优势菌门(相对丰度>5%)为变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria),还含有大量厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)、芽单胞菌门(Gemmatimonadetes)、硝化螺旋菌门(Nitrospirae)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)、糖化细菌门(Saccharibacteria)、蓝菌门(Cyanobacteria)、浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)等细菌群落。生物滞留池细菌群落的多样性和丰富度较高,细菌群落结构受生物滞留池中植被类型的影响显著,受土壤深度的影响不显著。土壤因子分析发现,总有机碳(TOC)、总硫(TS)、总氮(TN)、铵氮(NH⁺₄-N)和硝酸盐氮(...     

酸性矿山排水泄漏对荒漠草原土壤剖面细菌群落的影响

酸性矿山排水（AMD）因其安全隐患和环境风险而备受关注.然而,人们对于AMD泄漏对生态环境脆弱的荒漠草原土壤理化性质和细菌群落的影响知之甚少,尤其在土壤剖面上.因此,分别以AMD污染剖面和清洁剖面为研究对象,探究AMD对荒漠草原不同深度土层土壤理化性质和细菌群落组成、结构和相互作用的影响,并在此基础上分析细菌群落变化的驱动因素.结果表明,AMD会显著降低剖面上层（0~40 cm）土壤的pH值,并提高电导率（EC）和重金属含量;AMD污染剖面细菌以变形菌门（Proteobacteria）、厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和放线菌门（Actinobacterota）为主,而在清洁剖面细菌以厚壁菌门（Firmicutes）和类杆菌门（Bacteroidota）为主,其中Thermithiobacillus和Alloprevotella分别是污染剖面和清洁剖面的生物标识;AMD污染会显著降低剖面上层土壤的细菌多样性,并显著改变细菌群落结构.冗余分析结果表明,土壤理化性质解释了细菌群落变化57.21%的变异,其中EC、 TP、 TN、 As、 Zn和Pb是细菌群落变化的主要驱动因素.网络分析表明,AMD污染增加了剖面的复杂性、模块性和群落内部的竞争,从而提高细菌群落的稳定和适应性.总之,研究提供了AMD污染对荒漠草原土壤理化性质和细菌群落影响的有用信息,这可能有助于提高极端生境下AMD污染对土壤生态环境危害的认识.     

汤旺河国家公园不同演替阶段森林土壤细菌多样性变化规律

为了解红松湿生演替系列过程中土壤生境及土壤细菌多样性的变化规律,以小兴安岭汤旺河国家公园的白桦次生林、人工针阔混交林和原始云冷杉红松林为研究对象,分别代表湿生演替系列的演替先锋群落、演替中期群落和演替顶级群落,采用高通量测序的方法分析森林土壤细菌的多样性变化规律.结果表明:汤旺河国家公园从先锋演替到顶级演替阶段,森林土壤中w（OC）、w（TN）、w（AN）、w（AP）和w（AK）升高,而pH降低.此次分析土壤细菌包括16门27纲52目60科75属,其中Acidobacteria、Proteobacteria、Actinobacteria、Bacteroidetes为共有的优势菌门（相对丰度>1%）.演替先锋阶段（白桦次生林）Proteobacteria相对丰度最高,然而演替后期（云冷杉红松林）Acidobacteria相对丰度最高.通过冗余分析和相关性分析发现,不同演替阶段的森林土壤细菌多样性与土壤中w（OC）呈显著负相关,与土壤中w（TK）呈显著负相关,与土壤中w（AK）呈极显著负相关.研究显示,土壤细菌群落结构和多样性在不同湿生演替阶段有明显差异,主要可能受到土壤中w（OC）、w（TK）和w（AK）的影响.      

Toxic effects of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination on nifH gene in soil

Toxic effects of two agrochemicals on nifH gene in agricultural black soil were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis （DGGE） and sequencing approaches in a microcosm experiment. Changes of soil nifH gene diversity and composition were examined following the application of acetochlor, methamidophos and their combination. Acetochlor reduced the nifH gene diversity （both in gene richness and diversity index values） and caused changes in the nifH gene composition. The effects of acetochlor on nifH gene were strengthened as the concentration of acetochlor increased. Cluster analysis of DGGE banding patterns showed that nifH gene composition which had been affected by low concentration of acetochlor （50 mg/kg） recovered firstly. Methamidophos reduced nifH gene richness that except at 4 weeks. The medium concentration of methamidophos （150 mg/kg） caused the most apparent changes in nifH gene diversity at the first week while the high concentration of methamidophos （250 mg/kg） produced prominent effects on nifH gene diversity in the following weeks. Cluster analysis showed that minimal changes of nifH gene composition were found at 1 week and maximal changes at 4 weeks. Toxic effects of acetochlor and methamidophos combination on nifH gene were also apparent. Different nifH genes （bands） responded differently to the impact of agrochemicals： four individual bands were eliminated by the application of the agrochemicals, five bands became predominant by the stimulation of the agrochemicals, and four bands showed strong resistance to the influence of the agrochemicals. Fifteen prominent bands were partially sequenced, yielding 15 different nifH sequences, which were used for phylogenetic reconstructions. All sequences were affiliated with the alpha- and beta-proteobacteria, showing higher similarity to eight different diazotrophic genera.     

Arsenic uptake by arbuscular mycorrhizal maize （Zea mays L.） grown in an arsenic-contaminated soil with added phosphorus

The effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) and phosphorus (P) addition (100 mg/kg soil) on arsenic (As) uptake by maize plants (Zea mays L.) from an As-contaminated soil were examined in a glasshouse experiment.Non-mycorrhizal and zero-P addition controls were included.Plant biomass and concentrations and uptake of As,P,and other nutrients,AM colonization,root lengths,and hyphal length densities were determined.The results indicated that addition of P significantly inhibited root colonization and development of extraradical mycelium.Root length and dry weight both increased markedly with mycorrhizal colonization under the zero-P treatments,but shoot and root biomass of AM plants was depressed by P application.AM fungal inoculation decreased shoot As concentrations when no P was added,and shoot and root As concentrations of AM plants increased 2.6 and 1.4 times with P addition,respectively.Shoot and root uptake of P,Mn,Cu,and Zn increased,but shoot Fe uptake decreased by 44.6%,with inoculation, when P was added.P addition reduced shoot P,Fe,Mn,Cu,and Zn uptake of AM plants,but increased root Fe and Mn uptake of the nonmycorrhizal ones.AM colonization therefore appeared to enhance plant tolerance to As in low P soil,and have some potential for the phytostabilization of As-contaminated soil,however,P application may introduce additional environmental risk by increasing soil As mobility.     

Degradation of metabolites accumulated of benzo[a]pyrene by coupling Penicillium Chrysogenum with KMnO4

Several main metabolites of benzo[a]pyrene （BaP） formed by Penicillium chrysogenum, Benzo[a]pyrene-1,6-quinone （BP 1,6- quinone）, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-7,8-dihydrobenzo[a]pyrene （BP 7,8-diol）, 3-hydroxybenzo[a]pyrene （3-OHBP）, were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC）. The three metabolites were liable to be accumulated and were hardly further metabolized because of their toxicity to microorganisms. However, their further degradation was essential for the complete degradation of BaP. To enhance their degradation, two methods, degradation by coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 and degradation only by Penicillium chrysogenum, were compared; Meanwhile, the parameters of degradation in the superior method were optimized. The results showed that （1） the method of coupling Penicillium chrysogenum with KMnO4 was better and was the first method to be used in the degradation of BaP and its metabolites; （2） the metabolite, BP 1,6-quinone was the most liable to be accumulated in pure cultures; （3） the effect of degradation was the best when the concentration of KMnO4 in the cultures was 0.01% （w/v）, concentration of the three compounds was 5 mg/L and pH was 6.2. Based on the experimental results, a novel concept with regard to the bioremediation of BaP-contaminated environment was discussed, considering the influence on environmental toxicity of the accumulated metabolites.     

Impact of atrazine and nitrogen fertilizers on the sorption of chlorotoluron in soil and model sorbents

Sorption of chlorotoluron in ammonium sulfate, urea and atrazine multi-solutes system was investigated by batch experiments. The results showed application of nitrogen fertilizers to the soil could affect the behavior of chlorotoluron. At the same concentration of N, sorption of chlorotoluron decreased as the concentration of atrazine increased on the day 0 and 6 in soil, respectively. The sorption of chlorotoluron increased from 0 to 6 d when soils were preincubated with deionized water, ammonium sulfate and urea solution for 6 d. That indicated incubation time was one of the most important factors for the sorption of chlorotoluron in nitrogen fertilizers treatments. The individual sorption isotherms of chlorotoluron in rubbery polymer and silica were strictly linear in single solute system, but there were competition sorption between pesticides or between pesticides and nitrogen fertilizers. That indicated the sorption taken place by concurrent solid-phase dissolution mechanism and sorption on the interface of water-organic matter or water-mineral matter.     

Potential of plant polyphenol oxidases in the decolorization and removal of textile and non-textile dyes

In this study an effort has been made to use plant polyphenol oxidases; potato （Solanum tuberosum） and brinjal （Solanum melongena）, for the treatment of various important dyes used in textile and other industries. The ammonium sulphate fractionated enzyme preparations were used to treat a number of dyes under various experimental conditions. Majority of the treated dyes were maximally decolorized at pH 3.0. Some of the dyes were quickly decolorized whereas others were marginally decolorized. The initial first hour was sufficient for the maximum decolorization of dyes. The rate of decolorization was quite slow on long treatment of dyes. Enhancement in the dye decolorization was noticed on increasing the concentration of enzymes. The complex mixtures of dyes were treated with both preparations of polyphenol oxidases in the buffers of varying pH values. Potato polyphenol oxidase was significantly more effective in decolorizing the dyes to higher extent as compared to the enzyme obtained from brinjal polyphenol oxidase. Decolorization of dyes and their mixtures, followed by the formation of an insoluble precipitate, which could be easily removed simply by centrifugation.     

Effects of two sludge application on fractionation and phytotoxicity of zinc and copper in the soil

The potential harm of heavy metals is a primary concern in application of sludge to the agricultural land. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two sludges on fractionation of Zn and Cu in soil and their phytotoxicity to pakchoi. The loamy soil was mixed with 0%, 20%, 40%, 60% and 80% (by weight) of digested sewage sludge (SS) and composted sludge (SC). The additions of both sludges caused a significant raise in all fractions, resulting in that exchangeable (EXCH) and organic bound (OM) became predominance of Zn and organic bound Cu occupied the largest portion. There was more available amount of Zn and Cu in SS treatments than SC treatments. During the pot experiment, the concentration of Zn in EXCH, carbonate (CAR) and OM and Cu in EXCH and OM fractions decreased in all treatments, so their bioavailability reduced. Germination rate and plant biomass decreased when the addition rate was high and the best yield appeared in 20% mixtures at the harvest of pakchoi. The two sludges increased tissue contents of Zn and Cu especially in the SS treatments. Zn in pakchoi was not only in relationship to ΔEXCH and ΔCAR forms but also in ΔOM forms in the sludge-soil mixtures. Tissue content of Cu in pakchoi grown on SC-soils could not be predicted by ΔEXCH. These correlation rates between Zn and Cu accumulation in pakchoi and variation of different fractions increased with time, which might indicate that sludges represented stronger impacts on the plant in long-term land application.     

Intraspecific differences in effects of co-contamination of cadmium and

A hydroponic experiment was carried out to study intraspecific differences in the effects of different concentrations of cadmium (Cd)(0-10 mg/L) and arsenate (As(V)) (0-8 mg/L) on the growth parameters and accumulation of Cd and As in six wheat varieties Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11, Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8. The endpoints of wheat seedlings, including seed germination,biomass, root length and shoot height, decreased with increasing the Cd and As concentrations. Significant differences in seed germination, biomass, root length, shoot height and the accumulation of Cd and As were observed between the treatments and among the varieties (p ＜ 0.05). The lethal dosage 50% were about 20, 80, 60, 60, 80 and 20 mg As/L for Jing-9428, Duokang-1, Jingdong-11,Jing-411, Jingdong-8 and Zhongmai-8, respectively, and the corresponding values for Cd were about 30, 80, 20, 40, 60 and 10 mg Cd/L, respectively. Among the six varieties, Duokang-1 was found to be the most resistant to Cd and As toxicity, and Zhongmai-8 was the most sensitive to Cd and As co-contamination. The resistance of the six varieties was found dependant on the seedling uptake of Cd and As. Duokang-1 was the most suitable for cultivation in Cd and As co-contaminated soils.     

Removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge by low costing chemical method and recycling in agriculture

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Isolation and preliminary characterization of a 3-chlorobenzoate degrading bacteria

A study was conducted to compare the diversity of 2-, 3-, and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders in two pristine soils and one contaminated sewage sludge. These samples contained strikingly different populations of mono-chlorobenzoate degraders. Although fewer cultures were isolated in the uncontaminated soils than contaminated one, the ability of microbial populations to mineralize chlorobenzoate was widespread. The 3- and 4-chlorobenzoate degraders were more diverse than the 2-chlorobenzoate degraders. One of the strains isolated from the sewage sludge was obtained. Based on its phenotype, chemotaxonomic properties and 16S rRNA gene, the organism S-7 was classified as Rhodococcus erythropolis. The strain can grow at temperature from 4 to 37℃. It can utilize several （halo）aromatic compounds. Moreover, strain S-7 can grow and use 3-chlorobenzoate as sole carbon source in a temperatures range of 10-30℃ with stoichiometric release of chloride ions. The psychrotolerant ability was significant for bioremediation in low temperature regions. Catechol and chlorocatechol 1,2-dioxygenase activities were present in cell free extracts of the strain, but no （chloro）catechol 2,3- dioxygenase activities was detected. Spectral conversion assays with extracts from R. erythropolis S-7 showed accumulation of a compound with a similar UV spectrum as chloro-cis,cis-muconate from 3-chlorobenzoate. On the basis of these results, we proposed that S-7 degraded 3-chlorobenzoate through the modified ortho-cleave pathway.     

Single and joint effects of pesticides and mercury on soil urease

The influence of two pesticides including chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan and mercury （Hg） on urease activity in 4 soils （meadow burozem and phaeozem） was investigated. The soils were exposed to various concentrations of the two pesticides and Hg individually and simultaneously. Results showed that there was a close relationship between urease activity and organic matter content in soil. Chlorimuron-ethyl and furadan could both activate urease in the 4 soils. The maximum increment of urease activity by chlorimuronethyl was up to 14%-18%. There was almost an equal increase （up to 13%-21%） in the urease activity by furadan. On the contrary, Hg markedly inhibited soil urease activity. A logarithmic equation was used to describe the relationship （P〈0.05） between the concentration of Hg and the activity of soil urease in the 4 tested soils. Semi-effect dose （ED50） values by the stress of Hg based on the inhibition of soil urease in the 4 soils were 88, 5.5, 24 and 20 mg/kg, respectively, according to the calculation of the corresponding equations. The interactive effect of chlorimuron-ethyl or furadan with metal Hg on soil urease was mainly synergic at the highest tested concentrations.