基于旅游动机的老年旅游市场细分研究

随着我国人口老龄化形势的日益严峻,老年旅游市场展现出巨大的发展潜力。为了便于老年旅游市场开发针对性的产品和营销管理,需要对其进行市场细分。依据多种变量,可对老年旅游市场进行细分。国内外的相关研究表明,旅游动机是可靠的市场细分变量。以重庆市老年旅游者为例,以旅游动机为变量对重庆老年旅游市场进行细分。因子分析结论得出了7个动机因子:社交归属、求新求异、自我提升、文化艺术、放松休闲、情感怀旧和健康疗养。以这7个动机因子为基础进行聚类分析,发现存在四类具有不同主导动机的老年旅游者:健康疗养型、文化休闲型、需求多样型和精神追求型,以期为致力于提高老年人生活质量的政策制定者提供理论参考,同时为旅游目的地针对具有不同需求的目标市场进行营销提供理论依据。     

基于活动偏好的西安市“农家乐”旅游市场细分

面向细分市场开发特色旅游产品是克服目前国内＂农家乐＂发展普遍存在的产品初级化和同质化现象的有效途径。基于游客活动偏好,应用市场调查获取的第一手数据,采用聚类分析方法对西安市＂农家乐＂旅游市场进行细分研究。细分结果表明,西安市＂农家乐＂旅游市场可按照旅游者的活动偏好不同划分为回归田园型、静态休闲型、康乐健身型、娱乐参与型和阳光运动型5个类型。与全国其他城市一样,西安市＂农家乐＂旅游市场的主体是市区和郊区的市民,且市场职业分异不显著,自驾车旅游者和大学生是西安市＂农家乐＂旅游市场的两个重要组成部分。根据市场细分结果,提出面向不同细分市场,打造特色旅游产品和根据游游客出行特点,改善交通基础设施发展＂农家乐＂的建议。     

基于活动偏好的西安市"农家乐"旅游市场细分

面向细分市场开发特色旅游产品是克服目前国内"农家乐"发展普遍存在的产品初级化和同质化现象的有效途径.基于游客活动偏好,应用市场调查获取的第一手数据,采用聚类分析方法对西安市"农家乐"旅游市场进行细分研究.细分结果表明,西安市"农家乐"旅游市场可按照旅游者的活动偏好不同划分为回归田园型、静态休闲型、康乐健身型、娱乐参与型和阳光运动型5个类型.与全国其他城市一样,西安市"农家乐"旅游市场的主体是市区和郊区的市民,且市场职业分异不显著,自驾车旅游者和大学生是西安市"农家乐"旅游市场的两个重要组成部分.根据市场细分结果,提出面向不同细分市场,打造特色旅游产品和根据游游客出行特点,改善交通基础设施发展"农家乐"的建议.     

基于POI数据的成都市休闲娱乐热点识别

城市的空间分布格局与城市内各类设施点的分布密切相关,不同类型设施点的位置数据即兴趣点(Point of Interests,POI)可用于分析城市的功能区分布特点。选取成都市辖区与旅游休闲相关的4类POI数据(景点、休闲娱乐、餐饮和旅馆点数据)和路网数据,对成都市旅游休闲相关设施的集聚区进行识别。结果显示:(1)成都市旅游休闲相关设施具有十分明显的圈层结构,从中心向四周分布密度呈距离递减规律;(2)采用点密度、热点和核密度3种分析方法所得到的分析结果具有一致性;(3)在5类数据中,景点、休闲娱乐、餐饮和旅馆相关性较高,道路与其他4类设施相关性较差,因此5类研究对象的空间匹配程度仍有待优化。     

区域旅游市场再细分及其营销策略

旅游市场的竞争日趋激烈,按地理、人口为依据的旅游市场细分局限性越来越明显,区域旅游市场更深层次的再细分成为当前市场开拓的前提与基础。提出频度、客源稳定性、交通时间距离、游客行为动机等市场再细分类型应该值得重视与分析,同时要根据市场再细分类型,采取差异性营销策略。     

湖南省森林休闲旅游资源的开发与利用

湖南省森林覆盖率达55%,森林资源品位较高,是森林旅游资源大省,但还不是森林旅游强省.为了适应外部形势发展的需要和内部产品升级的要求,湖南省发展森林休闲旅游势在必行.根据湖南省森林旅游资源的发展现状,提出了湖南省森林休闲旅游产品谱,并初步提出了湖南省森林休闲旅游进一步发展的设想.     

江苏沿海休闲渔业发展条件与对策研究

休闲渔业又称为娱乐渔业,具有广阔的发展前景.江苏省沿海地区渔业资源非常丰富,发展休闲渔业将成为沿海地区新的经济增长极.分析了江苏省沿海地区休闲渔业发展的必要性、发展现状和发展的优势条件,提出了江苏省沿海地区发展休闲渔业的对策.     

湖北省休闲农业发展的区域差异性分析

发展休闲农业是建设现代农业的重要补充。湖北省各县发展休闲农业的资源、交通、市场条件差异明显,导致各地休闲农业的发展程度不尽相同。依据湖北省农业功能区划专题调查数据和资料,选取影响休闲农业发展的指标进行分析。在分析的过程中运用了聚类和综合的定性分析,以县（区）为样本,把湖北省全省84个县（区）划分为四个类别。     

九华山国内客源市场空间结构与出游行为研究

在实地调查的基础上，分析了九华山国内客源市场空间结构及其演变特征，得出国内客源市场集中程度降低、客源吸引力不断增强、波浪式推进的演变结论，并探讨了九华山旅游行为空间模式主要以单一目的地旅游模式和区域旅游模式为主，根据旅游意向调查结果显示，九华山与黄山在客源市场方面具有较强的互补性。     

浅谈“三厅”的环境管理

随着第三产业的迅速发展，人民生活水平的提高，人们对休闲娱乐的需求也越来越广泛，歌厅、舞厅、卡拉 OK厅 (简称“三厅” )等各种营业性质的娱乐服务场所应运而生，遍布在城市的各个区域。“三厅”一方面为市民的休闲娱乐提供了便利，繁荣了经济；另一方面也存在着场所选址不当、缺乏噪声防治设施等问题，从而严重影响了周围居民的正常生活、工作和学习，是近几年群众投诉的环境污染热点问题之一。因此，我们必须采取有效措施，加强管理，运用经济、法律、技术、行政、教育等手段，限制“三厅”营业者损害环境质量的行为。 一、“三厅”…     

Access for all? Beach access and equity in the Detroit metropolitan area

Beaches are a unique type of recreation setting, offering a variety of water- and land-based opportunities that can meet residents’ diverse and complex recreation needs. Providing and improving equitable access to recreation amenities such as beaches have been recognized as essential responsibilities of public leisure agencies. This study assessed the degree of equity inherent in the distribution of public beaches in the Detroit metropolitan area; to account for spatial effects, phenomena rarely considered in prior equity analyses, geographically weighted regression was employed. Considerable local variations in the relationships between level of access to public beaches and population density, proportion of elderly population and educational attainment were identified. Such findings can help parks and recreation agencies better understand local patterns of equity, an important first step in facilitating the formulation of more efficient and effective planning and policy approaches.     

不同年龄城镇居民的休闲行为差异研究——以湖南省永州市为例

城镇居民在休闲特征上呈现出总体一致、细部有异的特点,城镇居民年龄对休闲行为的影响甚微。总体上表现为:每周外出有偿休闲次数少、花费低、休闲场所和目的指向集中、休闲活动参与程度低的特点。各年龄段居民在每周有偿休闲2次、"消磨时间"这一休闲目的对自己的休闲活动"不满意"层面和部分休闲场所、休闲活动参与度层面差异显著。     

The Sustainable Use of Sensitive Countryside Sites for Sport and Active Recreation

Sport and active recreation, as an important area of leisure activity that can take place in the countryside, has recently been the subject of much discussion both in central government reports and statutory agencies' studies. This paper examines principles for their planning and management, particularly in sensitive areas such as National Parks, Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty and Sites of Special Scientific Interest. It takes the view that effective recreation management should be promoted, suggesting that the designation of countryside areas should not imply that they are unchanging, or that environmental policies should be applied uniformly. The Government's UK Sustainable Development Strategy 1994 emphasizes the importance of assessing capacity and of management and monitoring in providing for leisure. Yet knowledge of recreation impacts is incomplete. A number of principles for the management of countryside recreation are given, and examples given of such principles in use. These stress the need for effective participation by the various interests involved at sites and the importance of voluntary approaches to the resolution of conflicts.     

城郊旅游的潜在市场特征及产品开发--以合肥市为例

城市郊区已成为旅游的热点区域,合肥市对行政区域进行划分后,正着手大力开发城郊旅游.为了使合肥城郊旅游业的发展更具科学性,在实地调查基础上,分析了合肥城郊旅游潜在的市场特征,得出其城郊旅游开发市场潜力巨大;在分析外来旅游者及市民的城郊旅游意向基础上探讨了合肥城郊旅游产品开发,认为新城郊区旅游功能可定位为水上休闲度假娱乐中心和生态农业观光园区;最后提出合肥城郊旅游科学开发的几点建议.     

我国西部地级省会城市居民旅游行为研究——基于新休假制度的视角

新休假制度促使我国城市居民旅游行为发生了深刻变化。以贵阳市作为研究样本的收集地,通过调查问卷等方法研究了新休假制度对我国西部地级省会城市居民旅游行为的影响。结果发现,受访者的旅游行为呈现出意愿常态化、时段分散化、动机休闲化、方式亲情化、距离规则化、交通多元化、支出合理化等特征。因此,政府部门和旅游企业应通过创新发展理念、重视市场细分、优化产品开发、拓展宣传渠道、开展休闲教育等途径实现地方旅游业的经济效益和社会效益的最优化。     

A BASIS FOR ASSESSING DIFFERENTIAL PARTICIPATION IN WATER-BASED RECREATION1

ABSTRACT: Participation in water-based recreation activities does not arise in random fashion nor simply as a result of having a water resource immediately available. Neither do individuals and groups engage in the same activities or a specific activity in the same way. The purpose of the present paper is to describe an alternative framework whereby differences among recreation users can be identified. Prior to this time, research directed toward understanding participation patterns at a recreational site have emphasized the activities while ignoring the human behavior factors which determine how participation arises. People consider recreation sites to be leisure settings in which the definition of such places has a broader socio-cultural meaning than that the site was designed. These definitions are reflected within the context of the social group and can be observed in the subsequent orientation to leisure and play. When activities are considered in the context of a human group, differences in participation patterns can be discovered.     

Gravity model formulation for an extensive National Parkway Site

The purpose of this study was to collect specific information on the characteristics and intensity of local Blue Ridge Parkway use and to use that information to develop a recreation use model of local Parkway visitation. Data were obtained from a self-administered mail-back questionnaire sent to a random sample of people living in the 29 counties adjacent to the Parkway.We developed two recreation use projection/demand models that employ three variables (distance, alternative recreation sites, and population density) to predict visitation to different Parkway areas from various local origins. The derived model estimates indicated that about one-fourth of all Parkway visits in 1978 were one-day visits made by area residents.     

Preferences and willingness to pay for close to home nature for outdoor recreation in Sweden

In Sweden there is a strong tradition of using nature areas for outdoor recreation. This paper reports on a study which explored preferences and willingness to pay for outdoor recreation close to home (≤100 km away from home and ≤24 hours stay at a recreation site) using the contingent valuation method. The data originated from a mail survey that involved Swedish residents who were randomly selected from a national register. An ordinary least squares regression model was used to account for factors influencing willingness to pay. The results showed that approximately 50% of the respondents used nature areas close to their home for recreation and their average frequency of visits to these areas was 74 times annually. Areas dominated by forests were the most preferred, followed by water. The respondents were willing to pay approximately 7200 SEK (US$1080) annually. Their willingness to pay was influenced by factors such as type of nature area, distance to and time spent at the recreation site and income. The results provide one input to the land use planning process by considering the demand for nature-based outdoor recreation close to home.     

Urban policy and environmental regeneration in two Scottish peripheral housing estates

Summary In the UK, particularly post-Second World War, urban renewal and decongestion programmes created peripheral housing estates. From the beginning these estates were not endowed with any sustaining social and economic life. Moreover, most of the residents were in the lower percentile of the urban poor, as well as being disadvantaged from a multiple perspective. Over the years, these estates have deteriorated socially, environmentally and economically. A number of limited efforts made in the past to improve the general well-being of the residents have not achieved appreciable success.In recent times, it has been recognised that only by a comprehensive approach can the peripheral estates be regenerated (or generated?). The New Life for Urban Scotland programme is aimed at doing this. This paper attempts to evaluate the impact of the programme of environmental improvement in Castlemilk and Ferguslie Park, both peripheral housing estates on the outskirts of Glasgow, Scotland. The impact areas studied are: land-use pattern and environmental quality; retail and shopping facility development; leisure and recreation; roads, streetscape and local transport services; environmental improvement expenditure. Some possible improvements in the programme are proposed for the future.Dr Sam C. Ofori undertook this study as part of a Master's Thesis with the School of Planning at the University of Central England.     

Factors affecting adolescents’ use of urban public spaces in their leisure time: an exploratory study from the city of Vienna

Urban public spaces are important areas for leisure, recreation and physical activity and therefore contribute to the quality of life in cities. In particular, for adolescents they provide important spaces to meet with their peers, away from parental or school control. In many cities worldwide, public spaces have undergone severe developmental processes, and often a withdrawal from public space is noted. With regard to the opportunities those spaces provide for adolescents, it is necessary to investigate their current meaning for adolescents in a leisure context. In this article, qualitative research methods were used to investigate factors affecting adolescents’ use of public spaces in Vienna, Austria. In total 45 adolescents were interviewed. Results show that public open spaces are not regarded as important leisure spaces, and data reveal a strong retreat to private areas for leisure purposes. Perceived insecurities and fears support these processes and often result in avoidance of public spaces but also the wish for more control by authorities.