中国崖爬藤属（TETRASTIGMA（MIQ．）PLANCH．）植物系统分类研究

崖爬藤属在中国物种分化特别多样。文中列出的国产种类是在对中国、印度支那半岛、印度半岛和喜马拉雅地区等植物种类的研究基础之上确定的。通过对上述不同地区存放在中国和法国巴黎自然历史博物馆（Ｐ）、英国邱园（Ｋ）及爱丁堡（Ｅ）皇家植物园等标本馆藏植物种类的比较研究，提出了本属植物的一个新分类系统，发表了国产的一些新分类群，也作了一些新组合。     

中国葡萄科植物新分类群

报导了中国葡萄科植物的新分类群和若干新组合．文中提出了地锦属（ＰａｒｔｈｅｎｏｃｉｓｓｕｓＰｌａｎｃｈ．）新分类系统，并在乌蔹莓属（ＣａｙｒａｔｉａＪｕｓｓ．）中确立了两个新亚属．上属研究建立在多年野外观察和研究中国以及英国皇家植物园邱国（Ｋ）、爱丁堡植物园（Ｅ）和巴黎自然历史博物馆（Ｐ）等欧洲主要标本馆藏标本基础之上，所研究标本包括了《中国植物志》中大多数种类的模式标本．     

中国黑钻鳞耳蕨组（耳蕨属）的研究

对中国黑钻鳞耳蕨组（耳蕨属）种类进行了分类处理．确认中国有12种，并报导了其中2个新种：浪穹耳蕨（Polystichumlangchungense）、洪雅耳蕨（P．pseudo-xiphophyllum）．     

重庆缙云山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶种类调查和区系分析

蝴蝶是重要的生态和观赏昆虫,重庆市缙云山国家级自然保护区的蝴蝶种类鲜见系统调查和研究.基于2012—2019年的野外系统调查及重庆师范大学昆虫标本馆馆藏蝴蝶标本,研究共获得缙云山国家级自然保护区蝴蝶标本569只,通过形态学鉴定,它们隶属于5科79属128种,其中重庆市新记录属2属和新记录种8种,缙云山国家级自然保护区新...     

《湖南园林植物考查研究》简介

我校隆振雄副教授主持,由高迟、邓先琼、陈景等同志参加的《湖南园林植物考查研究》项目历时三年,对湖南园林植物作了较全面的系统调查,基本上摸清了湖南园林植物种类,提供了一些有发展前途的园林新植物,阐述了湖南园林植物的分布、引种栽培和主要生态习性及应用,编写出《湖南园林植物名录》,为园林教学、科研和生产等提供有价值的资料。经中南林学院、湖南省森林植物园、湖南省林业科学研究所等单位的专家教授鉴定,并一致认为该项目选题正确、方法对头、资料齐全,该研究在湖南园林植物调查方面实属首例,研究成果达到省内同类研究先进水平。该项目1994年获湖南省林业科学技术进步三等奖。     

国产八角药用植物资源

根据14个国家94个标本馆所收藏的近万份八角科标本的分类学研究,本文确认中国现有八角科植物24种,分布于黄河流域以南的19个省区,其中15种有药用功能,它们于18个省区的467个县。本文给出了国产八角科植物分种检索表,记录了各个药用种类的分布和各自的主要医药用途,还就资源开发利用、综合药用功能、中毒解毒等方面作了讨论或报道。     

福州市园林绿地植物应用调查研究

根据福州市134个园林绿地的调查，分析和总结福州市各类园林绿地（公共绿地，专用绿地，居住区绿地，道路绿地等）的植物种类构成，空间结构和植物配置的生态功能和景观效果，对福州市的园林绿化提出了一些建议。     

干旱地区几种豆科植物根瘤菌的数值分类和SDS-PAGE全细胞蛋白电泳分析

从新疆、内蒙干旱地区苜蓿属、草木樨属、锦鸡儿属植物的根瘤中分离出５４株根瘤菌,对其中４８株根瘤菌和２２株参比菌一起进行了数值分类研究,在８５％的相似性水平上,未知菌分为３个不同于已知种的新群．另加入６株分离自锦鸡儿属植物的根瘤菌,共７６株菌进行了全细胞蛋白ＳＤＳＰＡＧＥ分析,在８０％的相似性水平上,已知菌相应成群,未知菌除ＸＪ９６３４２在６８％的相似性水平上和群５、６、７、８、Ｒ．ｇａｌｅｇａ聚群外,其余未知菌则分布在４、５、６、７、８、９、１０七个群中．群４中所有菌株属于数值分类的群１;群６中有３株菌属于数值分类的群３;群９中有８株菌为数值分类群２的菌株．反映了两种方法在分类上得到的结果比较近似．     

《南岳林木真菌病害调查及重要病害的防治研究》简介

我校周建良副教授主持,由高迟、彭珍宝等同志参加的《南岳林木真菌病害调查及重要病害的防治研究》课题历时数年,对南岳林木真菌病害进行了深入、广泛调查,共鉴定出57科、130种林木所发生的病害;其中两种病害在国内尚未报道,42种病害属湖南新分布,摸清了南岳林木真菌病害的种类、危害状况和发生规律。对两种国家重点保护的珍稀濒危植物     

青钱柳的化学成分

青钱柳 (ＣｙｃｌｏｃａｒｙａｐａｌｉｕｒｕｓＢａｔａｌ.)为胡桃科 (Ｊｕｇｌａｎｄａｃｅａｅ)青钱柳属植物 ,是我国特有的单种属植物 ,生于山地常绿落叶阔叶混交林中及沟谷水旁 ,该植物在民间用于清热消肿、止痛等[1] .但其化学成分的研究还未见报道 ,为了寻找活性成分 ,我们对该植物根部的化学成分进行了提取分离和结构鉴定 .1　实验部分1.1　材料及仪器植物样品采自重庆市南川金佛山 ,凭证标本由重庆药物种植研究所刘正宇副研究员鉴定 .熔点用ＸＲＣ 1型显微熔点仪测定 ,温度计未校正 .ＮＭＲ用ＢｒｕｋｅｒＡＣ 30 0Ｐ型核磁共振仪…     

Microwave-assisted acid extraction of the major metal elements in herbal extracts followed by flame atomic absorption spectrometric (FAAS) determination

The content of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mg, Mn, Pb, and Zn was determined in Rosa damascena, Vitis vinifera, Crocus sativus, and Olea europaea L. herbal extracts produced in different areas in Greece. Samples were mineralized in a closed microwave system using nitric acid, and the concentration of all metals was determined by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The herbal extracts contained As, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, and Pb at concentrations below their respective limits of detection, whereas Cu, Fe, Mg, and Zn were determined in varying quantities. The proposed method is precise and accurate, thus it can be used for the determination of metals in Rosa damascena, Vitis vinifera, Crocus sativus, and Olea europaea L. herbal extracts.     

四种植物提取物的杀螺效果研究

福寿螺是我国华南地区一种危害十分严重的外来入侵生物。采用分布广泛的四种植物：水蜈蚣（Kyllinga brevifolia Rottb.）、红花酢浆草（Oxalis corymbosa DC）、红叶乌桕（Euphorbia cotinifolia L.）和辣蓼草（Polygonum flaccidum Meissn.）作为原料,在实验室内通过人工研磨方法提取植物体内的有效成分作为药剂,分别对福寿螺幼螺进行室内毒杀及刺激其上爬的效果研究。结果表明：水蜈蚣提取物的杀螺效果不明显,而红花酢浆草、红叶乌桕、辣蓼草等三种植物提取物具有较好的杀螺效果。72h的毒性实验表明,这三种植物提取物在质量浓度为400mg·L-1时,均能全部杀死福寿螺幼螺;其中,红花酢浆草的杀螺效果最强,质量浓度为100mg·L-1时的杀螺率就达到80%,200mg·L-1的质量浓度下已能全部杀死福寿螺,红叶乌桕在200mg·L-1质量浓度时的杀螺率为56.67%,而在此质量浓度下辣蓼草仅为26.67%。另外,提取物刺激福寿螺上爬实验结果表明,红花酢浆草和红叶乌桕均有刺激福寿螺向上爬的作用,且红花酢浆草刺激作用稍强于红叶乌桕。综合杀螺和刺激福寿螺上爬作用的效果,可以得出在控制福寿螺上红花酢浆草和红叶乌桕是比较理想的备选植物。     

The impact of the invasive shrub Lonicera maackii on the decomposition dynamics of a native plant community

Invasive plants may have variable effects within a given environment depending on their interactions with the dominant native species, yet little research has examined such species-species interactions within a site. Savanna trees with nonoverlapping canopies offer an ideal opportunity to assess associated changes in the ecosystem processes that result from interactions between an invasive species and different native tree species. We examined the influence of the exotic invasive shrub Lonicera maackii on decomposition dynamics under three native tree species: Fraxinus quadrangulata, Quercus muehlenbergii, and Carya ovata. Litter decomposition rates and litter C and N were evaluated over two years using single- and mixed-species litterbags (L. maackii and individual tree species litter); microarthropod abundance was measured at 6 weeks using Tulgren funnels. Litter from the invasive L. maackii decomposed and lost N more rapidly than the litter of the three native tree species. The rate at which L. maackii decomposed depended on its location, with L. maackii litter decomposing and losing N more rapidly under C. ovata than under the other two native tree species. Mixing L. maackii with the native species' litter did not accelerate litter mass loss overall but did result in synergistic N losses at variable times throughout the experiment, further highlighting the variable interaction between native species and L. maackii. Nitrogen loss was significantly higher than expected in mixtures of C. ovata + L. maackii litter at 6 weeks, in F. quadrangulata + L. maackii litter at 12 weeks, and in Q. muehlenbergii + L. maackii litter at 24 weeks. If the effects of invasive species on certain ecosystem processes, such as litter decomposition, are strongly influenced by their association with native species, this could suggest the need for a more nuanced understanding of the vulnerability of ecosystem processes to invasions of L. maackii and potentially other invasive species.     

Ecology of recurrent groups of pteropods,euphausiids, and chaetognaths in the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea

Seventy-five species of pteropods (20 species), euphausiids (26 spcies), and chaelognaths (29 species) occur in the Gulf of Thailand and the South China Sea. All but one of these species are present in the South China Sea, while only 17 species (7 pteropods, 1 euphausiid, and 9 chaetognaths) are consistently present in the Gulf of Thailand. Abundances of South China Sea species have significant positive rank correlations with depth of water, salinity, and dissolved oxygen and negative correlations with temperature. These species are most abundant in the northern, oceanic, two-thirds of the South China Sea and many of them are vertical migrators or live at depth. Species in the Gulf of Thailand may be divided into two subgroups based on their tolerance for the semi-estuarine environment. Species in the most tolerant subgroup are more abundant within the Gulf of Thailand than in the South China Sea and have significant negative rank correlations with depth of water, salinity, and dissolved oxygen and positive correlations with temperature. The shallow, low-salinity environment of the Gulf is not as favorable for the species of the second sub-group. Rank correlations with depth of water, salinity, temperature, and oxygen are the same in sign but lower in value than for the South China Sea species, and maxisium abundances occur in the 50 to 200 m water depths of the southern third of the South China Sea. Species inhabiting the Gulf of Thailand are mostly non-migrators which are epipelagic even in the open ocean. The proportion of tolerant species diffiers among the major taxonomic groups, reflecting differing adaptive strategies.     

城市垃圾肥在锡矿尾砂库植被重建中的应用

在广西大厂矿区废弃的锡矿尾砂库上进行植被的重建试验。设对照组、垃圾肥处理组和覆土组,种植固氮植物银合欢(Leucaenaleucocephala)。100d时采样分析,垃圾肥处理组的银合欢生长状况最好,重金属从土壤到植物的迁移明显降低,说明在锡矿尾砂库植被重建中,可以利用垃圾肥替代土壤,银合欢可以作为锡矿尾砂库植被重建的先锋树种。     

湖南种子植物重要科属地理分布研究(二)——五味子科

湖南五味子科植物有2属11种2变种,分布于31个县,多生长在海拔600—1200m的山地灌丛或林中。本文依据湖南五味子科植物的地理分布,结合系统分类,植物区系和土壤资料,经分析和推论得知:1.湖南五味子科植物种质资源丰富,以中国特有种为主,它们与毗邻省区的关系密切。2.湖南五味子科植物区系表现为多种区系成分的过渡与汇集,即华南、华东、华中和滇黔桂4个区系成分的交汇、混杂和过渡。3.湖南五味子科植物的多数种类是从湖南以西地区迁移扩散而来,有的种类是从本省西北或西南以外地区而来,极少数植物在本省西南地区及其周边省区分化形成。4.湘西北至湘西南地区是湖南五味子科植物的现代分布中心,现代分化中心是湘西南地区。     

Complex responses within a desert bee guild (Hymenoptera: Apiformes) to urban habitat fragmentation.

Urbanization within the Tucson Basin of Arizona during the past 50+ years has fragmented the original desert scrub into patches of different sizes and ages. These remnant patches and the surrounding desert are dominated by Larrea tridentata (creosote bush), a long-lived shrub whose flowers are visited by > 120 native bee species across its range. Twenty-one of these bee species restrict their pollen foraging to L. tridentata. To evaluate the response of this bee fauna to fragmentation, we compared species incidence and abundance patterns for the bee guild visiting L. tridentata at 59 habitat fragments of known size (0.002-5 ha) and age (up to 70 years), and in adjacent desert. The 62 bee species caught during this study responded to fragmentation heterogeneously and not in direct relation to their abundance or incidence in undisturbed desert. Few species found outside the city were entirely absent from urban fragments. Species of ground-nesting L. tridentata specialists were underrepresented in smaller fragments and less abundant in the smaller and older fragments. In contrast, cavity-nesting bees (including one L. tridentata specialist) were overrepresented in the habitat fragments, probably due to enhanced nesting opportunities available in the urban matrix. Small-bodied bee species were no more likely than larger bodied species to be absent from the smaller fragments. The introduced European honey bee, Apis mellifera, was a minor faunal element at > 90% of the fragments and exerted little if any influence on the response of native bee species to fragmentation. Overall, bee response to urban habitat fragmentation was best predicted by ecological traits associated with nesting and dietary breadth. Had species been treated as individual units in the analyses, or pooled together into one analysis, these response patterns may not have been apparent. Pollination interactions with this floral host are probably not adversely affected in this system because of its longevity and ability to attract diverse pollinators but will demand careful further study to understand.     

Interspecific aggression in Leucorrhinia dragonflies: a frequency-dependent discrimination threshold hypothesis

Summary Male Leucorrhinia dragonflies defend territories from conspecific and heterospecific intruders. Defense against heterospecifics is surprising, as mating and oviposition are the only activities that occur on the territories, and heterospecific males are not expected to pose a reproductive threat. L. frigida and L. intacta males respond aggressively with equal frequency and intensity against intrusions by conspecifics and heterospecifics. In contrast, L. proxima males respond more aggressively against conspecifics. The apparent lack of species discrimination shown by L. frigida and L. intacta males may result because territorial males that assess intruders (as do L. proxima) suffer a tactical disadvantage from hesitating when an intruder flies in. This assessment process may lead to reduced fighting success by the territorial male. Thus there is a tradeoff between assessment cost incurred when the intruder is a conspecific and benefit gained from avoiding conflict when the intruder is a heterospecific. Given this assessment cost, males of species that only rarely encounter conspecific intruders are more likely to evolve species discrimination than males of species that commonly encounter conspecific intruders.