共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
非常规多水源双膜工艺处理后浓缩水的水质特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
利用常规和非常规多水源经RO处理后作为新水源,与非常规单一城市污水厂水源比较,多水源双膜处理工艺产生的浓水水质有所不同。浓水水质检测主要指标包括无机盐(Cl-、SO42-、TDS、全盐量)、有机物(BOD、COD)、氮营养物(NH4+-N、TN)、碱度、硬度等。通过实际工程运行水质动态监测,初步探讨了RO浓水的水质规律及其影响因素,为RO浓水处理处置技术深入研究奠定了基础。 相似文献
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花生壳对刚果红的吸附性能 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用静态吸附法研究了花生壳用量、粒径,刚果红溶液pH值、初始浓度,吸附时间,温度6个因素对花生壳吸附刚果红的影响.结果表明,花生壳对刚果红的吸附能力随其粒径的减小而增加;随着吸附时间的延长,花生壳对刚果红的去除率增加,90 min时基本达到吸附平衡;在常温下,溶液pH为7.54时,花生壳对刚果红的吸附去除率可达91.2%;花生壳对刚果红的等温吸附较符合Freundlich方程.花生壳可作为吸附去除刚果红的理想功能材料. 相似文献
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藻菌生物膜胞外聚合物(EPS)与Al3+的配位作用机理 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用三维荧光光谱(3DEEM)和傅立叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)研究了藻菌生物膜EPS与Al3+的相互作用机理.3DEEM结果表明,生物膜EPS含有3个荧光峰.其中,峰A(Ex/Em=225~235 nm/300~330 nm)和峰B(Ex/Em=275~280nm/325~330 nm)荧光较强,属类蛋白峰,峰C(Ex/Em=335 nm/432~434 nm)荧光较弱,属类腐殖酸峰.峰A和峰B都能不同程度地被Al3+猝灭,它们的条件稳定常数(logK)分别为5.89和6.95.Al3+-EPS体系的峰A和峰B荧光强度明显受溶液pH值的影响.在pH为2~4之间时,荧光强度随pH的增大而增大,在4~7之间随pH的增大而减小,在7~11之间随pH增大而增大.FTIR光谱网分析表明,Al3+主要与EPS中所含的-NH-、C=O等发生强的配位作用. 相似文献
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改性污泥活性炭对苯乙烯的吸附 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以城市污泥为原料制备活性炭,对其进行改性,研究了改性前后的比表面积、表面酸碱基团、对苯乙烯的静态吸附容量、吸附穿透曲线、脱附活化能等吸附性能.结果表明,硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性后可使污泥活性炭比表面积明显提高,其中0.1 mol.L-1硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性的污泥活性炭较改性前的比表面积提高了32%(达704.7 m.2g-1).硫酸铝溶液和硫酸铜溶液浸渍改性可以使污泥活性炭表面酸性基团含量提高、表面碱性基团含量减少;对苯乙烯的静态吸附容量提高到改性前的两倍以上(分别达211.4 mg.g-1和178.8 mg.g-1)、对苯乙烯的动态吸附穿透时间由2 min提高到10 min以上、脱附活化能由2.94 kJ.mol-1提高到6 kJ.mol-1以上.改性后活性污泥炭的吸附性能得到明显提高. 相似文献
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湖泊沉积物孔隙水溶解性有机质组成与光谱特性 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
应用紫外-可见光谱和荧光光谱分析乌梁素海沉积物孔隙水中溶解性有机质(DOM)的组成和来源信息,揭示不同来源污染物对孔隙水DOM结构及地球化学行为的影响.研究结果表明,类蛋白物质含量相对较高的区域,其污染相对较重;沉积物孔隙水DOM的生物指数BIX值都大于0.6,预示沉积物孔隙水中DOM微生物来源贡献较大;在类蛋白荧光物质较高的区域,DOM的腐殖化程度相对较低,其结构相对简单,稳定性较弱;腐殖化指数HIX254分析结果也表明,受污程度较高的区域,DOM的腐殖化程度较低;紫外吸收光谱的斜率能够反映沉积物孔隙水中类腐殖酸的变化,而光谱斜率S350—400比S275—295更能够反应沉积物孔隙水中类腐殖酸的变化,随着S350—400升高,DOM中类蛋白物质的含量呈下降趋势,类腐殖酸含量逐渐增加. 相似文献
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FTIR研究非完全脱乙酰甲壳质对金属离子的吸附机理 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
以傅立叶交换红外光谱(FTIR)法研究了非完全脱乙酰甲壳质(NCTS)与Cu~ (2+),Ni~(2+),Co~(1+),Zn~(2+),Cd(2+),Hg~(2+),Ag~+,Pb~(2+)等八种金属离子形成的配合物的结构特征,并对各配合物在4000—400cm~(-1)范围内的主要吸收带作了经验归属.研究结果表明,在NCTS的金属离子配合物中,除—NH_2,—OH参予了配位外,羰基((?)C=O)和酰胺基(—CONH—)亦在不同程度上参予了配位;NCTS对Hg~(2+),Ag~+的吸附过程中存在着明显的氧化还原现象,Hg~(2+),Ag~+,分别被还原为Hg_2~(2+)和Ag~0,而NCTS分子中的—CH_2OH有可能被氧化成—COOH. 相似文献
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Adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas using activated carbon activated by ZnCl2 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Leila Karimnezhad Mohammad Haghighi Esmaeil Fatehifar 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2014,8(6):835-844
A series of activated carbons with high surface area were prepared from walnut shell using chemical activation with ZnCl2. In this research the carbonization stage was carried out at 500℃. The performance of the synthesized carbons evaluated in adsorption of benzene and toluene from waste gas. The influence of impregnation ratio on the characteristics of synthesized activated carbons as well as their adsorption capacity was investigated. The ratio of activation agent to walnut shell was selected in the range of 0.5-2.0 wt/wt. The synthesized activated carbons were characterized using XRD, SEM, BET and FTIR techniques. The highest activated carbon production yield was obtained at impregnation ratio of 1.5 wt/wt. The XRD analysis illustrated that peaks intensity decreased with increasing impregnation ratio showing that amorphous property of samples was increased. The SEM analysis revealed successful pore development in synthesized activated carbons obtained at high impregnation ratios. The surface area of the activated carbons increased with increasing impregnation ratio and its maximum value reached 2643 m2.g 1 at impregnation ratio of 2/1. FTIR analysis indicated that the relative amount of different acidic surface groups on synthesized carbons was a function of impregnation ratio. Experimental results for benzene and toluene adsorption showed a high potential of employing synthesized impregnated activated carbon for treatment of waste gas. Generally, the amount of VOC adsorbed on the surface was affected by physicochemical properties of synthesized activated carbons. 相似文献
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Shanwei Ma Hang Li Guan Zhang Tahir Iqbal Kai Li Qiang Lu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(2):25
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芬顿试剂法制备磁性碳纳米管及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附性能 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用芬顿试剂法在碳纳米管纯化样品表面负载纳米磁性氧化铁颗粒,制备磁性碳纳米管杂化材料(MWCNTs/Fe2O3),该杂化材料具有较高的纳米氧化铁负载率(>50%)和优异的磁性能,制备过程中无需额外添加阳离子,不会对环境造成不利影响.将磁性碳纳米管杂化材料应用于染料废水处理中,结果发现MWCNTs/Fe2O3对亚甲基蓝染料吸附性能较好,吸附后用磁铁易于达到固液分离的效果.吸附性能研究表明,磁性碳纳米管对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附在40 min内吸附容量迅速上升,其值达到最大平衡吸附容量的88%以上,60 min基本达到平衡,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型(R2>0.999).磁性碳纳米管吸附亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量qe与亚甲基蓝溶液的平衡浓度Ce的关系满足Langmuir(R2>0.999)、Freundlich(R2>0.97)以及Dubinin-Radushkevich(D-R)(R2>0.96)等温吸附模型.通过Langmuir模型计算可知磁性碳纳米管对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附容量为69.98 mg.g-1,吸附过程为有利吸附,由D-R模型计算结果可以推断MWCNTs/Fe2O3对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附机制以化学吸附为主. 相似文献
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Yan MA Naiyun GAO Wenhai CHU Cong LI 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2013,7(2):158-165
In this study, the adsorption performance of powdered activated carbon (PAC) on phenol was investigated in aqueous solutions. Batch adsorption studies were performed to evaluate the effects of various experimental parameters like PAC type, PAC dose, initial solution pH, temperature and pre-oxidation on the adsorption of phenol by PAC and establish the adsorption kinetics, thermodynamics and isothermal models. The results indicated that PAC adsorption is an effective method to remove phenol from water, and the effects of all the five factors on adsorption of phenol were significant. The adsorption rate of phenol by PAC was rapid, and more than 80% phenol could be absorbed by PAC within the initial 10 min. The adsorption process can be well described by pseudo-second-order adsorption kinetic model with rate constant amounted to 0.0313, 0.0305 and 0.0241 mg·μg -1·min -1 with coal, coconut shell and bamboo charcoal. The equilibrium data of phenol absorbed onto PAC were analyzed by Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin adsorption isotherms and Freundlich adsorption isotherm model gave the best correlation with the experimental data. Thermodynamic parameters such as the standard Gibbs free energy (?G o), enthalpy (?H o) and entropy (?S o) obtained in this study indicated that the adsorption of phenol by PAC is spontaneous, exothermic and entropy decreasing. 相似文献
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改性碳纳米管原始样品吸附亚甲基蓝的性能研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用直接制备的碳纳米管原始样品作为染料亚甲基蓝的吸附剂,采用次氯酸钠溶液对于碳纳米管原始样品进行表面修饰改性,改性处理后碳纳米管对亚甲基蓝吸附性较好,本工艺简单有效,所获得的吸附剂具有磁性,吸附过后用磁铁易于达到固液分离的效果.吸附性能结果表明:本吸附剂对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附在60 min基本达到平衡,吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型(R2>0.99).改性后的磁性碳纳米管吸附亚甲基蓝的平衡吸附量qe与亚甲基蓝溶液的平衡浓度Ce的关系满足Langmuir(R2>0.99)、Freundlich(R2>0.91)以及Dubinin-Radushkevich(D-R)(R2>0.92)等温吸附模型.通过Langmuir模型计算可知改性磁性碳纳米管对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附容量为101.6 mg.g-1,由D-R模型计算结果可以推断,次氯酸钠改性后的磁性碳纳米管对水溶液中亚甲基蓝的吸附机理以化学吸附为主. 相似文献
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Shuang XUE Qingliang ZHAO Liangliang WEI Xiujuan HUI Xiping MA Yingzi LIN 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2012,6(6):784-796
This work investigated the effect of granular activated carbon adsorption (GACA) on fluorescence characteristics of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in secondary effluent, by means of excitation–emission matrix (EEM) spectra, the fluorescence regional integration (FRI) method, synchronous spectra, the fluorescence index defined as the ratio of fluorescence emission intensity at wavelength 450 nm to that at 500 nm at excitation (λ ex)=370 nm, and the wavelength that corresponds to the position of the normalized emission band at its half intensity (λ 0.5). DOM in the secondary effluent from the North Wastewater Treatment Plant (Shenyang, China) was fractionated using XAD resins into 5 fractions: hydrophobic acid (HPO–A), hydrophobic neutral (HPO–N), transphilic acid (TPI–A), transphilic neutral (TPI–N) and hydrophilic fraction (HPI). Results showed that fluorescent materials in HPO–N and TPI–N were less readily removed than those in the other fractions by GACA. The relative content of fluorescent materials in HPO–A, TPI–A and HPI decreased whereas that in HPO–N and TPI–N increased as a consequence of GACA. Polycyclic aromatics in all DOM fractions were preferentially absorbed by GACA, in comparison with bulk DOM expressed as DOC. On the other hand, the adsorption of aromatic amino acids and humic acid-like fluorophores exhibiting fluorescence peaks in synchronous spectra by GACA seemed to be dependent on the acid/neutral properties of DOM fractions. All five fractions had decreased fluorescence indices as a result of GACA. GACA led to a decreased λ 0.5 value for HPO–A, increased λ 0.5 values for HPO–N, TPI–A and HPI, and a consistent λ 0.5 value for TPI–N. 相似文献
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Activated carbon has been applied for the adsorption of Alizarin Red S (ARS) from the waste water in a batch method to obtain high removal percentage. The influence of variables such as pH, temperature, ARS concentration, mass and size of adsorbent, and contact time on ARS removal percentage was investigated. Different kinetics, thermodynamics, and isotherm models were applied for fitting the experimental data. The adsorption process follows a pseudo second-order kinetic model with R 2 of 0.98 and Freundlich, Tempkin, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models with high determination coefficients (R 2) of 0.91, 0.98, and 0.98, respectively. High enthalpy (positive value), Gibbs free energy (negative value), and high entropy values shows the feasibility and the endothermic spontaneous nature of the removal process. 相似文献
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采用微波诱导氧化工艺技术,以活性炭为催化剂,对阳离子红GTL染料废水进行氧化处理,考察了活性炭用量、微波功率、反应时间及染料初始质量浓度对阳离子红GTL去除率的影响,利用SEM/EDS、BET表征了反应前后活性炭的结构及组分变化.结果表明:微波和活性炭具有协同效应;在pH=7.0,活性炭用量4 g,阳离子红质量浓度为50 mg·L-1,微波功率300 W,反应时间4 min的条件下,阳离子红GTL去除率达到99.4%;活性炭的结构与组分影响阳离子红GTL的微波处理效果. 相似文献
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通过采用负载FeSO4活性炭、CuSO4活性炭和一般活性炭作为微波催化剂处理抗生素废水的对比实验,研究不同负载方法对抗生素制药废水COD去除的差别,结果表明,负载FeSO4的活性炭作为催化剂的微波处理系统对COD的去除率最高.以微波诱导负载FeSO4的活性炭为催化剂对抗生素制药废水进行处理,结果表明,增大负载FeSO4活性炭质量,微波辐射时间和微波功率,均有利于抗生素废水中COD的去除,但各影响因素的取值并不是越大越好.对微波诱导负载FeSO4活性炭催化工艺处理抗生素废水进行反应动力学分析,结果显示,过程近似一级反应,其动力学方程为:lnC0/C=0.1413t+5.4121,r=0.9876.反应动力学常数为0.1413 min-1. 相似文献