合成锰钾矿型化合物对偶氮染料的脱色研究

利用合成锰钾矿型化合物对酸性橙Ⅱ染料废水进行了脱色研究,讨论了初始溶液酸度、样品投加量、样品粒径大小、反应时间、反应温度等实验条件对脱色率的影响;在最佳脱色条件为:25℃条件下,pH值为2.9,粒径160-200目,锰钾矿投加量0.10g,反应2h,对50ml浓度为400mg·l-1酸性橙Ⅱ模拟废水的脱色率可达到95%以上,处理后废水色度为25倍,完全达到了<纺织染整工业污染物排放标准>(GB4287-1992)中的一级标准.通过反应前后锰钾矿比表面积的测定及Mn(Ⅱ)溶出试验研究结果表明,染料与锰钾矿颗粒物的界面发生了氧化还原反应,使染料的发色基团破坏而导致其脱色;另外锰钾矿会吸附小分子物质.据此推断染料废水的脱色是锰钾矿型化合物的吸附性和氧化性共同作用的结果.     

电化学在线制备高铁氧化脱色偶氮染料酸性红B的研究

模拟染料废水自身的碱度为电化学在线制备高铁提供了碱性环境，研究高铁氧化酸性红B．结果表明，在氢氧化钠投加量为10g，电流强度为1A，连续搅拌的条件下，酸性红B在3h后的脱色率可达到90％以上，增大酸性红B的初始浓度，脱色去除率可达到同样的效果，但高铁在单位时间内处理的量相对增大，高铁在线脱色酸性红B的化学氧化反应符合一级反应动力学，同时，根据UV—Vis谱图和模拟电极反应进程对电化学生成高铁氧化酸性红B的降解机理作了初步的探讨．     

阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对磷钨酸(PW12)光催化还原降解偶氮染料直接耐晒黑G的影响

以磷钨酸H3PW12O4（PW12）为光催化剂,异丙醇（IS）作为电子给体,研究阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（CTAB）对PW12光催化还原降解直接耐晒黑G（DB19）的影响.考察了CTAB浓度、pH值、DB19初始浓度等因素对反应的影响,并采用一级反应动力学对反应过程进行分析.结果表明CTAB增强了PW12对直接耐晒黑G的还原脱色作用,CTAB浓度增加,DB19的光催化脱色速率提高.PW12用量对DB19还原脱色的影响程度和趋势与溶液中CTAB浓度有关,当CTAB浓度为0.10 mmol.L-1时,DB19的脱色速率随PW12用量的增加而增加;CTAB浓度为0.05 mmol.L-1,PW12用量为200 mg.L-1时DB19的脱色速率最快,继续增加反而降低.DB19还原脱色速率随其初始浓度升高而降低.另外,通过循环伏安法和暗反应明确还原态杂多蓝对染料的还原脱色作用,并借助UV-Vis光谱研究DB19、PW12、CTAB之间的相互作用,探索CTAB对PW12/IS光催化还原降解DB19的作用机理.该研究结果表明阳离子表面活性剂CTAB能够增强偶氮染料废水的PW12催化还原脱色处理.     

PDMDAAC阳离子膨润土处理染料废水的研究

采用聚二甲基二烯丙基氯化铵均聚物(PDMDAAC)对膨润土进行改性,制得阳离子膨润土,研究其电动特性及对染料废水的脱色效果．结果表明,与膨润土相比,阳离子膨润土的表面电性发生了变化;处理染料废水的效果明显提高,而且在强酸性和强碱性条件下对染料废水的脱色效果最好．     

壳聚糖的改性及在印染废水处理中的应用

以海洋渔业废弃物虾壳为原料,采取去矿化、脱蛋白、脱色、碱洗的方式制备壳聚糖,通过聚合氯化铝、聚合氯化铁和五水硫酸铜对壳聚糖进行改性,得到3种改性壳聚糖:聚铝-壳聚糖、聚铁-壳聚及硫酸铜-壳聚糖,并通过扫描电子显微镜和红外光谱表征改性壳聚糖的形貌及化学组成。以模拟印染废水为研究对象,在适宜条件下对改性壳聚糖加以应用,以废水的COD去除率和脱色率为考察指标,评价壳聚糖的改性效果,为改性壳聚糖处理印染废水提供理论支持。由扫描电子显微镜结果可知,聚铝-壳聚糖的表面颗粒为类球形,粒径尺寸均一且壳聚糖分布均匀,聚铁-壳聚糖和硫酸铜-壳聚糖的表面颗粒为块状,而壳聚糖主要是以带状的形式存在;由红外光谱可知,通过聚铝和聚铁对壳聚糖进行改性,引入更多的O-H和N-H振动峰,有利于印染废水的吸附沉降。研究表明:3种类型的改性壳聚糖中,聚铝-壳聚糖处理印染废水的效果最好,废水的COD去除率和脱色率最高;对聚铝-壳聚糖处理印染废水的p H、改性壳聚糖质量配比及投加量进行优化,可知,聚铝-壳聚糖对印染废水的处理效果受p H值的影响较小,在聚铝与壳聚糖质量配比为3∶1及投加量为1.6 g·L-1的条件下,p H为5.5时,模拟印染废水的COD去除率和脱色率分别达到90.5%和97.3%,p H升高至9.5时,模拟印染废水的COD去除率和脱色率仍能高达85.1%和94.2%。在最佳条件下,采用聚铝-壳聚糖处理实际印染废水,其COD去除率及脱色率分别为88.7%及96.9%。     

NaClO催化氧化法降解活性黄X-R废水和该方法的适用范围

采用NaClO催化氧化法对活性黄X-R废水进行了脱色降解的系统研究,探讨了反应条件对脱色效果的影响,分析了染料的降解机理.结果表明,该方法对染料的脱色率不到50％,脱色率随着染料和有效氯浓度的增加而略微增大,随着初始pH的上升而减小,催化剂的投加对脱色率的影响甚微.NaClO氧化法的对比实验结果表明,NaClO的直接氧...     

染液化学混凝脱色规律性的研究

化学混凝是染色废水脱色的主要方法.对染色废水混凝脱色的研究.一般集中于混凝剂种类及混凝工艺条件对脱色效果的影响和最佳工艺条件的选择,染料分子的结构及物理化学特性等因素对混凝脱色效果的影响研究甚少.染料在水中的状态直接影响混凝脱色的效果,而染料在水中的状态取决于染料的分子结构和物理化学特性.本文在混凝脱色试验和文献研究的基础上,经过理论分析.总结出染料分子结构及物理化学待性对染色废水混凝脱色效果影响的一般规律.     

吸附-微滤法对印染废水脱色的研究

采用氢氧化镁吸附与陶瓷膜微滤相结合进行活性染料废水脱色处理 .对预处理条件、微滤操作条件以及膜的化学清洗进行了研究 .结果表明 ,采用氢氧化镁吸附预处理的陶瓷膜微滤技术 ,对含活性染料的印染废水 ,具有脱色率高、操作简单的优点 .在合适的条件下 ,脱色率可达 98%以上 ,1 0 μm膜的通量在1 5 0L·m- 2 ·h- 1左右 ;采用 0 5mol·l- 1稀硝酸在一定条件下清洗 30min可使膜得到有效再生 .     

太阳光/电-Fenton法降解H-acid的表观动力学研究

进行了太阳光/电-Fenton法降解染料中间体H-acid模拟废水的表观动力学研究,通过对不同初始H-acid浓度和Fe2+浓度体系以及不同初始电压浓度体系反应的分析,确定该反应的表观动力学方程和动力学参数,为该技术降解H-acid废水优化反应条件提供了依据.结果表明,在固定初始pH值、支持电解质Na2SO4为0.10...     

催化剂对甲醛废水湿式氧化的增效作用

在设定的湿式氧化条件下 ,从若干种金属盐中筛选了Cu(NO3) 2 作为氧化甲醛废水的催化剂 ,考察了Cu(NO3) 2 用量、废水的初始浓度及温度对有机物去除率的影响 ,结果表明 :Cu(NO3) 2 以 5mg·l- 1 Cu2 计量投加为宜 ,甲醛初始浓度在 480mg·l- 1 — 1 5 0 0mg·l- 1 范围内一直保持较高的去除率 ,反应的适宜温度为 1 40℃以上 ;根据反应过程数据建立了该催化氧化反应的分段一级动力学模型 ,求得甲醛氧化动力学模型快、慢步骤的表观活化能分别为7 2 9kJ·mol- 1 和 1 4 45kJ·mol- 1 ;而COD降解动力学模型快、慢步骤的表观活化能则分别为2 0 47kJ·mol- 1 和 2 9 5 2kJ·mol- 1 .     

新生MnO2对甲基橙废水的脱色特性研究

以化学法合成的新生MnO2作吸附剂,对水中甲基橙染料进行吸附脱色研究,探讨了影响吸附的因素和吸附机理。结果表明：新生Mn2对甲基橙的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式,吸附速率大,吸附前溶液pH值是影响染料脱色效果的最主要因素,吸附后溶液pH和温度影响较小。在实验条件下可使甲基橙脱色率达99％。     

Decolorization of anthraquinone dye with immobilized Penicillium jensenii

Cells of Penicillium jensenii were immobilized by entrapment in natural and synthetic polymeric matrices. The decolorization of Reactive Brilliant Blue KN-R by immobilized cells has been studied. It was found that CA-immobilized cells could effectively decolorize reactive brilliant blue KN-R. Many factors affecting the decolorization process were studied, including: pH, temperature, dye concentration, shaker speed and culture time. The reusability of the immobilized cells was evaluated with repeated-batch decolorization experiments. The optimum pH, temperature, shaker speed and culture time of decolorization with CA-, CGN-, and PAA- immobilized cells are 4.0 and 30 degrees C and 150r/min and 48hr respectively, dye concentration could have some effects on decolorization. After four repeated experiments, the decolorization rate of CA-, CGN-, and PAA- immobilized cells could still remain 73.6%, 60.8%, 50.5%, respectively.     

新生MnO2对直接染料废水的脱色作用

以化学法合成的新生MnO2作吸附剂，对直接桃红12B（Direct red 12B)，直接大红4B（Direct reb 4B)，直接耐晒蓝B2RL（Direct Fast blue B2RL)染料废水进行脱色研究，探讨了影响吸附的因素，结果表明：新生MnO2对三种染料的吸附符合Langmuir吸附等温式，吸附速率大，在适宜条件下对直接桃红，直接大红，直接耐晒蓝的脱色率分别为95．5％，96．2％和98．9％。     

Adsorption property of direct fast black onto acid-thermal modified sepiolite and optimization of adsorption conditions using Box-Behnken response surface methodology

The adsorption of direct fast black onto acid-thermal modified sepiolite was investigated. Batch adsorption experiments were performed to evaluate the influences of experimental parameters such as initial dye concentration, initial solution pH and adsorbent dosage on the adsorption process. The three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken response surface methodology (RSM) was utilized for modeling and optimization of the adsorption conditions for direct fast black onto the acid-thermal modified sepiolite. The raw sepiolite was converted to acid-thermal modified sepiolite, and changes in the fourier transform infrared spectrum (FTIR) adsorption bands of the sample were noted at 3435 cm^-1 and 1427 cm^-1. The zeolitic water disappeared and the purity of sepiolite was improved by acid-thermal modification. The decolorization rate of direct fast black adsorbed increased from 68.2% to 98.9% on acid-thermal modified sepiolite as the initial solution pH decreased from 10 to 2. When the adsorbent dosage reached to 2.5 g·L^-1, 2.0 g·L^-1, 1.5 g·L^-1 and 1.0 g·L^-1, the decolorization rate was 90.3%, 86.7%, 61.0% and 29.8%, respectively. When initial dye concentration increased from 25 to 200 mg·L^-1, the decolorization rate decreased from 91.9% to 60.0%. The RSM results showed that the interaction between adsorbent dosage and pH to be a significant factor. The optimum conditions were as follows: the adsorbent dosage 1.99 g·L^-1, pH 4.22, and reaction time 5.2 h. Under these conditions, the decolorization rate was 95.1%. The three dimensional fluorescence spectra of direct fast black before and after treatment showed that the direct fast black was almost all adsorbed by the acid-thermal modified sepiolite.     

过硫酸钠氧化脱色罗丹明B——影响因素和机理

采用过硫酸钠(PDS)直接氧化和催化活化氧化脱色罗丹明B(RhB),分别考察了PDS剂量、pH、催化剂、Cl-浓度对RhB脱色的影响.结果表明,PDS在无外加催化剂下能够有效脱色RhB,pH越低,脱色率越高;当pH 2.4,PDS用量为3.5 g·L^-1,在120 min内RhB的脱色率可达92%;自由基淬灭实验表明,酸性条件下主要为PDS直接氧化脱色RhB,并存在小部分硫酸根自由基(SO₄4·-)作用.在pH 5.6、pH 8.0条件下,外加活性炭纤维(ACF)、四氧化三铁(Fe₃O₄4)、Fe₃O₄4负载型催化剂(ACF/Fe3O₄4)可促进PDS对RhB脱色;在pH 2.4条件下,外加ACF对RhB脱色的促进作用较小,Fe₃O₄4、ACF/Fe₃O₄4对RhB脱色有一定抑制作用.不同pH和催化剂处理下,低浓度Cl-(0.01、0.04 mO₄l·L^-1)对RhB脱色速率都呈现抑制作用,高浓度Cl-(0.08 mO₄l·L^-1)相对于低浓度Cl-处理都呈促进作用.不同浓度Cl-处理在反应前60 min RhB脱色速率差异较大,而反应120 min后脱色率差异较小.提出Cl-通过调控SO₄4·-脱色RhB途径来影响RhB脱色速率的机理,Cl-竞争消耗SO₄4·-降低RhB脱色速率,但经一系列反应生成的Cl2·-能与RhB快速反应而提高RhB脱色速率;Cl-对RhB的脱色反应速率的影响存在抑制-促进双重机制,且与Cl-浓度相关.研究结果为基于PDS直接氧化和催化氧化处理含盐染料废水的研究和应用提供了一定的理论依据.     

Anaerobic degradation kinetics of reactive dye with different carbon sources

This study aims to investigate the anaerobic degradation kinetics of reactive dye, C.I. Reactive Red 141 (Evercion Red H-E7B) by partially granulated anaerobic mixed culture using three carbon sources, namely modified starch (MS), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and acrylic size (AS) during batch incubation. There is a first-order kinetics reaction in the decolorization processes using MS and PVA as carbon sources, while a zero-order kinetics relationship describes the decolorization process for the AS carbon source. The k values and color removal rate of decolorization with MS carbon source was higher than those of PVA and AS carbon sources. This is because the MS carbon source was well degraded in comparison to AS and PVA, respectively This study also found dye reduction could be enhanced through the addition of MS as a carbon source. The decolorization rates increased with decrease in dye concentrations of RR 141. In contrast, the decolorization rates increased with increase in COD concentration.     

Biological Decolorization of C.I. Basic Green 4 Solution by Chlorella sp.： Effect of Operational Parameters

In recent years, the ability of microorganisms to decolorize textile wastewater has received great attention due to the environmental persistence and toxicity of these pollutants. In this paper biological decolorization of triphenylmethane dye, C.I. Basic Green 4 (BG 4), by Chlorella species was investigated. The effect of operational parameters (temperature, pH, initial dye concentration and algal concentration) on decolorization efficiency was examined. Results indicated that the desired initial pH was 9. The stability and efficiency of the algae in long-term repetitive operations were also examined. Michaelis-Menten kinetics was employed to describe the apparent correlation between the decolorization rate and dye concentration. The optimal kinetic parameters, Vmax (specific decolorization rate) and Km (maximum specific decolorization rate) were 4.6 mg dye g cell-1 h-1and 151.0 mg L-1, respectively. Fig 10, Tab 2, Ref24     

高锰酸钾对染料废水的脱色研究

研究了影响高锰酸钾对染料废水脱色的有关因素,结果表明,脱色反应的最佳ＰＨ值应小于１．５,高锰酸钾的浓度对脱色效果显著。