共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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以聚甲基含氢硅氧烷(PMHS)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为原料,在不同的PMHS:TEOS质量比条件下合成了一系列具有微/介孔硅基材料.N2吸/脱附表征显示该材料具有微/介孔双孔分布的结构特征和较高的比表面积,并且随着PMHS:TEOS质量比的变化而变化.其中,当PMHS:TEOS质量比为1:3时硅基微/介孔材料具有最大的比表面积,达到783m·2g-1.XRD表征结果显示,该材料是无定形材料.材料对二硫化碳(CS2)的吸附性能的研究结果表明,PMHS:TEOS质量比为1:3合成的硅基微/介孔材料对CS2的吸附量最大,静态吸附量达到762.76mg·g-1,动态吸附穿透时间达到35min.再生实验表明材料再生性良好,可重复使用。 相似文献
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双孔介孔碳的合成及其对亚甲基蓝的吸附 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
以三嵌段共聚物F108为模板剂,苯酚/甲醛为碳源,在中性条件下制备了平均孔径为3.14 nm,最可几孔径分布为3 nm和8 nm,BET比表面积为1541 m2·g-1,孔容为1.01 cm3·g-1的双孔分布介孔碳.通过静态实验法测定了介孔碳对亚甲基蓝的吸附特性,分析了初始浓度、溶液p H、温度对吸附量的影响,并从热力学及动力学角度探讨了介孔碳对亚甲基蓝的吸附机理.结果表明,溶液初始浓度、溶液p H以及温度对吸附量有较大的影响,介孔碳对亚甲基蓝的吸附随着初始浓度、p H、温度的上升而增大,吸附为吸热反应,提高温度有利于吸附的进行.实验制备的介孔碳对亚甲基蓝的最大吸附量为421 mg·g-1,相比于普通活性炭,双孔分布介孔碳对亚甲基蓝显示了更优的吸附性能.亚甲基蓝在介孔碳上的吸附行为符合Langmuir吸附等温线和Elovich动力学模型.计算得到的吸附吉布斯自由能(ΔG0)0,吸附标准焓变(ΔH0)70 k J·mol-1,说明亚甲基蓝在介孔碳上的吸附是自发进行的单分子层吸热反应,且化学反应在吸附过程中发挥了重要作用. 相似文献
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采用介质阻挡放电(DBD)和MCM-41介孔分子筛结合脱除甲苯,考察了MCM-41介孔分子筛水热结构稳定性与甲苯脱除的关系.XRD表征显示,通过水热合成制备的纯硅MCM-41(Si- MCM-41)和含铝MCM-41(Al-MCM-41)介孔分子筛都具有典型的六方介孔结构,结晶度良好.水热结构稳定性实验显示纯硅MCM-41介孔分子筛的结构最稳定,结晶保留度最高,而含铝MCM-41介孔分子筛则随铝含量的上升结构稳定性下降.介质阻挡放电脱除甲苯实验结果显示,甲苯转化率与MCM-41介孔分子筛水热结构的稳定性保持一致,纯硅MCM-41介孔分子筛脱除甲苯的效率最高. 相似文献
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利用水热法合成铁掺杂介孔氧化硅-石墨化炭复合物(Fe MS),并对其进行结构表征,发现其具有介孔结构,且高铁含量的Fe MS含有明显的石墨化炭物种.比较了传统吸附剂活性炭、SBA-15及Fe MS分别对橙黄Ⅱ的吸附性能,考察了初始p H、投加量、初始浓度、吸附时间对吸附的影响,并对吸附过程进行了动力学研究和吸附等温模型的模拟.结果表明:Fe MS对橙黄Ⅱ有很好的吸附性能,且高铁含量的Fe MS吸附量优于低铁含量;Fe MS吸附橙黄Ⅱ的最佳p H值为7,最高吸附量能达到1108 mg·g-1;初始浓度对橙黄Ⅱ吸附效率有明显的影响;对低浓度的橙黄Ⅱ,可在120 min内达到吸附平衡;Fe MS对橙黄Ⅱ的吸附动力学数据符合准二级动力学模型;Fe MS对低浓度橙黄Ⅱ的吸附符合Henry等温模型,饱和吸附量与橙黄Ⅱ的浓度有关. 相似文献
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Jian Wang Qun Wang Xueli Gao Xinxia Tian Yangyang Wei Zhen Cao Chungang Guo Huifeng Zhang Zhun Ma Yushan Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(1):6
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Mercury adsorption by silica and maghemite nanoparticles (NPs) was studied with the aim of comparing their performance in the remediation of acid mine drainage (AMD) contaminated water. Calculated distribution coefficients (Kd) showed that both NPs are exceptional adsorbents. However, adsorbate coverage per unit area was 30 times higher for maghemite than for silica NPs, despite the latter having a surface area ~15 times greater. Maghemite adsorbed 75% of available Hg compared to 56% by silica, making it a more efficient sorbent than silica under AMD conditions. Kinetics and isotherm data for both adsorbents were fitted by the pseudo-second-order (R2 = 1) and the Freundlich (R2 ≥ 0.98) models, implying that adsorption to both NP types was by chemisorption. Adsorption increased with NP concentrations and pH and was enhanced in the presence of manganese and sulfate ions although adsorption to silica was inhibited in 1:2 Hg-to-Mn systems. Importantly, trends in simulated wastewater were replicated in actual AMD-contaminated water samples. This study highlights the fact that properties besides surface area and charge of adsorbents determine adsorbent performance, and superior attributes may not always lead to higher adsorption efficiencies. 相似文献
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采用水热法制备了铁酸铋(Bi25FeO40),将其与类石墨相氮化碳(g-C3N4)复合得到Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4磁性光催化剂,用X-射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、BET比表面积分析、UV-Vis光谱和磁滞回线对该磁性光催化剂进行了表征.考察了Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效果.结果表明,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4复合催化剂对亚甲基蓝的可见光催化降解效率远高于Bi25FeO40.此外,Bi25FeO40-g-C3N4表现出顺磁性,可通过磁选分离并回收. 相似文献
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Penicillium chrysogenum was immobilized on silica to develop a simple and cost effective method for solid phase extraction of Cd(II) and determination using flame atomic absorption spectrometry (FAAS). The sorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and packed into a column. The conditions for quantitative sorption and desorption of Cd(II) were optimized. The preconcentration factor was 100 while detection limit was 0.61 µg L?1 with a relative standard deviation of 1.0%. The method was applied for determination of Cd in herbal medicine and tap water. 相似文献
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This paper reviews the application of meso- porous transitional metal oxides in water treatment on basis of the catalysis and adsorption. Mesoporous transitional metal oxides are characterized by their intrinsic features, such as a high surface area, a highly ordered array of unidimensional pores with a very narrow pore size distribution, and highly dispersed active sites. Finally, the suggestions of further study on application are proposed. 相似文献
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加速溶剂萃取(ASE)-固相萃取(SPE)-高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定土壤中青霉素钠 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了一种加速溶剂萃取(ASE)-固相萃取(SPE)-高效液相色谱(HPLC)测定土壤中青霉素钠的简单、快速的方法.样品以超纯水为提取溶剂,50℃提取温度为ASE提取条件参数;HLB型固相萃取柱富集净化:6.0mL 5%甲醇淋洗、4.0mL乙腈-甲醇(1∶1)洗脱;高效液相色谱-紫外检测器(HPLC-PDA)测定,检测波长λ=191.1nm,柱温30℃,流动相为乙腈-0.1%甲酸/水(1∶1),采用等梯度洗脱程序,取得较好的检测分离效果.对0.5、2.0、8.0mg·kg-1等3个不同添加浓度水平的青霉素钠平均加标回收率范围为73.1%—89.7%,回收率相对标准偏差RSD范围为1.1%—2.9%(n=5),检出限可达235.0μg·L-1.结果表明,该方法操作简单,快速,准确度和精密度均符合质量控制要求,能够满足环境土壤样本中痕量青霉素钠检测分析的要求. 相似文献
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《毒物与环境化学》2012,94(3-6):190-203
AbstractCarbon-coated magnetic nanoparticles were modified with cationic surfactant and used for the dispersive solid phase extraction of chlorophenols from aqueous samples. Surfactant adsorbed on the surface of the nanoparticles resulted in mixed hemimicelles for high extraction efficiency of chlorophenols. Under optimized conditions, calibration curves were linear from 0.5–20?mg L?1 for analytes with limit of detection between 0.2 and 0.4?mg L?1. The method was applied to extraction of chlorophenols from tap water, well water and industrial effluent. Recoveries were in the range of 94.0–99.4%, suggesting that sample matrix had little effect on the yields of extraction. 相似文献
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Magnetic ion-imprinted polymers (IIPs) were prepared by precipitate polymerization and leached with HCl to remove uranium. Their ability to remove hexavalent uranium from wastewater effluents was studied. Batch adsorption studies to determine the optimum conditions of U(VI) removal were conducted at different levels of sample pH, sorbent amount, agitation time, and initial uranium concentration. It was observed that, under optimum conditions (i.e. pH 4, adsorbent amount of 50 mg, 45 min agitation time, and initial U(VI) concentration of 2 mg L?1), the maximum removal of U(VI) cations was >98% and 80% for the magnetic IIP and the corresponding magnetic non-imprinted polymers (NIP), respectively. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe the adsorption of U(VI) onto magnetic IIP and NIP. The adsorption capacity of U(VI) was determined to be 1.06 and 0.85 mg g?1 for the two isotherms, respectively. The order of selectivity was found to be U(VI) > Fe(III) > Pb(II). For six cycles of regeneration and reuse, the magnetic polymers maintained their stabilities with only a 4% loss in the extraction efficiency. The average extraction efficiencies of the magnetic polymers for the spiked acid mine drainage and sewage wastewater effluents were 71% and 58% for the magnetic IIP and NIP, respectively. From powder X-ray diffraction analysis, application of the Scherrer equation yielded magnetic nanoparticles of an average mean diameter of 11.9 nm. Thermo-gravimetric analysis revealed that the HCl-leached magnetic polymers had a magnetite residual weight of 5%. 相似文献