逆向物流与再生资源回收利用

逆向物流是重新挖掘产品使用价值,节约资源,保护环境,实施可持续发展的重要战略措施.论述了逆向物流与再生资源回收利用之间的关系,分析了再生资源企业开展逆向物流的优劣势,提出了再生资源企业参与逆向物流的模式.     

面向循环经济的电子产品逆向物流网络选址研究

一个有限的资源环境不可能支撑无限的经济增长要求,逆向物流选址是物流系统管理中的核心问题,其解决不仅可合理平衡这两者之间的矛盾,还可从技术层面实现物质闭环流动,促成循环经济的可持续发展.基于Jayaraman选址模型,通过对无锡市电子产品逆向物流网络选址问题的实际研究,利用Lingo_11.0软件求得在特定假设下的最优选址结果.结果显示,有5个回收站被选中,分别分布在北塘区、崇安区、南长区、锡山区和新区;有2个重制站被选中,分别分布在东湖塘和雪浪,并对该选址结果进行可行性分析,为无锡市整体逆向物流选址提供了可靠的科学依据和有力的政策建议.     

企业逆向物流与循环经济立法之联系

逆向物流给企业带来效益的同时,也带来了生态物流的理念.逆向物流涉及了经济与生态环境两大系统,显现出了自身的特点与积极因素.逆向物流充分体现了循环经济发展之宗旨.加速循环经济的立法,并以相应立法来推动企业尽快实施物流活动是至关重要的.     

工业大宗物资的铁路物流网络空间结构特征研究——以云南省为例

为提取工业大宗物资铁路物流网络特征,从物流网络流动格局、节点特征和运输轴线3个方面,基于社会网络分析与空间分析方法构建了考虑流入—流出双向性的工业大宗物资铁路物流网络特征分析体系,并以云南省为例,利用云南省工业大宗物资的铁路货运全OD数据透视该省煤、金矿、钢铁、石油、化工等5类工业大宗物资铁路物流网络的组织结构、空间运输联系、网络节点和主要通道。结果表明:云南省5类工业大宗物资物流网络组织均具有明显的小世界特性,网络整体呈现放射状,形成明显的集聚少核的空间分布格局,运输走向"廊道效应"显著。     

节能减排背景下河南省物流企业碳排放特征研究

物流业快速发展带来的碳排放问题已引起有关部门的高度重视。基于1995—2012年河南省物流企业的统计数据,运用消耗能源折算法对河南省物流行业的碳排放总量和碳排放强度进行了估算,构建了河南省物流企业碳排放的EKC模型曲线,分析了河南省物流企业碳排放的发展历程和规律特征,预测了河南省物流企业碳排放的发展阶段和未来趋势。研究表明:河南省物流企业的碳排放量正处于继续上升的阶段,碳排放强度整体稳中有降,物流碳排放与行业发展呈现出反"N"型的曲线结构,如果加强环境管制、积极发展"低碳物流"将促进碳排放"拐点"提前出现,可实现经济发展与环境保护的"双赢"。     

基于INTER网虚拟网络技术的物流企业信息化建设方案

物流企业的经济效益与信息化水平有着密切的关系。物流企业信息系统点多面广、结构复杂，如何有效利用信息资源是物流企业的重要问题。文章就物流信息环境，探讨了利用基于INTER网的虚拟网络技术开发信息资源，使物流企业能建立和健全适合行业特点的管理信息系统。     

考虑消费者剩余的废旧家电回收物流网络稳健优化方法

为合理设计废旧家电回收物流网络,考虑到消费者剩余对废旧家电交付行为的影响和废旧家电产生量的不确定性,建立了该类网络的稳健优化模型。利用该模型可确定收集点和回收中心的开设位置、各收集点的废旧家电收购价格、各消费者的满意收集点和不同情景下的物流量分配,通过算例验证了模型的有效性。     

博弈视角下的物流企业发展对策研究

随着经济的快速发展,物流市场竞争日趋激烈.面对市场格局的变化和行业的发展,如何选择有效的竞争策略成为当前物流企业面临的主要难题.通过建立物流企业与竞争者的博弈模型,分析影响其发展的制约因素,以及应对竞争者的策略选择和对应的效用,指出物流企业应实施有承诺的威胁博弈、承诺最低价、加强行业利润预测等措施,引导物流行业发展,形成有利于自身发展的纳什均衡格局.     

废弃产品回收处理企业环境绩效评价初探

近年来,废弃产品回收处理行业日益受到政府和社会各界的关注,而回收处理企业是实施回收处理活动的主体,相关法律、法规的出台对回收处理企业提出了更高的要求。本文在概括梳理相关法律、法规的基础上,初步建立了废弃产品回收处理企业环境绩效评价指标体系,为回收处理企业采用先进的技术工艺、降低环境负荷、加强职业健康监护和企业环境管理提供参考,以适应国家政策要求和行业发展的需要。     

基于DICE模式的电子商务物流生态圈系统构建以安徽青年电子商务产业园为例

构建电子商务物流生态圈作为我国"新常态"经济发展下的"及时雨",成为电商物流产业迈向低碳的重要路径。从生态学角度,借助生态学DICE理论对电子商务物流生态圈的系统构建进行了研究,提出保障实施的对策建议。以安徽青年电子商务产业园为例,对其电子商务物流生态圈构建进行分析。     

An optimization model for product returns using genetic algorithms and artificial immune system

Current environmental issues emerging in the world are reflected in the environmental legislation of several countries. Because environmental issues are important, industries actively seek ways in which to reduce their environmental footprint. One effective method is through the use of reverse logistics. Reverse logistics is the concept of reusing used products in order to reduce wastes and to increase an industry's environmental performance and resulting profits. Stock selection, transportation, centralized collection, data collection, refurbishing, and remanufacturing are some of the more commonly utilized reverse logistic operations. An effective reverse logistics network is essential for increasing the flow of goods from customers to producers. The objective of this paper is to develop a multi-echelon reverse logistics network for product returns to minimize the total reverse logistics cost, which consists of renting, inventory carrying, material handling, setup, and shipping costs. Industries need to give more attention to the task of collecting used products from customers and establishing collection facilities. In this study, a mixed integer non-linear programming (MINLP) model is developed to find out the number and location of initial collection points and centralized return centers required for an effective return and collection system, and also the maximum holding time (collection frequency) for aggregation of small volumes of returned products into large shipments. Two solution approaches, namely genetic algorithm and artificial immune system, are implemented and compared. The usefulness of the proposed model and algorithm are demonstrated via an illustrative example.     

An inexact reverse logistics model for municipal solid waste management systems

This paper proposed an inexact reverse logistics model for municipal solid waste management systems (IRWM). Waste managers, suppliers, industries and distributors were involved in strategic planning and operational execution through reverse logistics management. All the parameters were assumed to be intervals to quantify the uncertainties in the optimization process and solutions in IRWM. To solve this model, a piecewise interval programming was developed to deal with Min-Min functions in both objectives and constraints. The application of the model was illustrated through a classical municipal solid waste management case. With different cost parameters for landfill and the WTE, two scenarios were analyzed. The IRWM could reflect the dynamic and uncertain characteristics of MSW management systems, and could facilitate the generation of desired management plans. The model could be further advanced through incorporating methods of stochastic or fuzzy parameters into its framework. Design of multi-waste, multi-echelon, multi-uncertainty reverse logistics model for waste management network would also be preferred.     

农产品物流组织形式及其发展趋势

阐述了农产品物流组织的内涵和组织形式，提出了农产品物流组织发展的主流方向是第三方物流企业，发展的切入重点是农产品配送中心组织，发展的新趋势是农产品虚拟物流组织，并对不同农产品物流组织形式的发展等方面进行了分析。     

Modelling of the location of vehicle recycling facilities: A case study in Poland

The technical progress causes that increasing number of used devices presents a threat for environment, particularly in the rural areas. It can be prevented by organizing a proper system of waste disposal. Currently, the most important problem to solve is recycling of vehicles. The key element for the improvement of the functioning of the recycling network in Poland is to redesign the system so that it will allow for a reduction of the total cost related to the vehicle recycling. This paper presents a modelling approach that could be used to establish one important part of the reverse logistics (RL) network for end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) by defining the optimum locations for dismantling facilities. The proposed modelling approach is illustrated using Mazovia province in Poland as an example. The optimization criteria for the location of the elements of the recycling network are the components of the total cost of the ELV's recycling. Due to high complexity of the model a genetic algorithm has been adapted for solving the model and getting a good solution in a reasonable run time. The criteria of optimization was cost of the following processes: transportation, storage, and dismantling of ELVs. The results of simulation proved that the transportation costs of parts and materials may amount to about 70%, and that the cost of dismantling may exceed 25% of the total cost of recycling. The obtained results confirmed that genetic algorithm method can be used effectively to location the ELV's dismantling facilities. The effect of changing the location of processing facilities on the location of dismantling stations was also studied. The developed model is universal and may be used to determine the locations of different kinds of facilities organized in a reverse recycling network.     

建立和完善物流成本核算规范体系

降低物流成本，提高物流效益是现代物流的目标。建立科学规范的物流成本核算体系，是实现这一目标的先决条件和基础性工作。针对我国物流成本核算方面落后的现状，借鉴物流管理先进国家经验，制定我国物流成本核算规范，保证企业物流成本核算有据可依，有章可循。     

基于轴-辐理论的皖江城市带物流网络空间构建

大力发展现代物流业和皖江城市带承接产业转移示范区建设是两大重要国家级战略。首先对轴-辐理论的国内外研究现状进行了总结和归纳,分析了轴-辐网络的结构及其优劣势。其次,设计了物流中心性指数的评价指标体系,运用主成分分析法对皖江城市带的9个地级城市进行物流节点等级划分,根据分析结果的总得分和区位特征确定合肥、芜湖、安庆3个一级物流节点,形成轴三角。分析了各级物流节点间的干线及支线物流通道,构建了皖江城市带轴-辐物流网络空间。     

基于投入产出分析的辽宁省环境物流研究

根据环境物流定义,提出环境物流部门是联系生产部门和新产品生产部门纽带的观点,利用投入产出矩阵思想,构建环境物流的投入产出模型。以2010年《辽宁省统计年鉴》和2007年42个部门投入产出表中的有关数据为基础,运用环境物流投入产出模型,估算并分析了辽宁省2007年环境物流的投入产出表。结果表明,发展环境物流业对经济、社会和环境的可持续发展具有深远意义。     

我国燃油税改革效应模拟分析

经历了十几年的讨论,燃油税改革方案终于在2009年出台并实施,改革后燃油税究竟会对我国宏观经济及各部门产生怎样的影响,倍受关注.基于此背景,采用环境CGE模型对改革前后的两种不同燃油税税率进行了量化分析,总体研究得出：从长期发展来看,燃油税改革有利于我国经济结构调整,减少能源消耗和降低碳排放;短期内会增加企业生产成本,抑制宏观经济增长,其中交通运输业和石油加工业受到的冲击最大,应引起有关部门重视.     

品牌认证对果农线上销售的影响研究——基于线性回归与PSM方法

基于江西省379份果农的实地调研数据,运用线性回归和倾向得分匹配法检验了品牌认证对果农线上销售的影响。结果表明:①获得“三品一标”认证和注册农产品商标对线上销售均具有显著正向影响,但注册农产品商标的影响效果更明显。②电商经验、鲜果经营培训、品牌建设支持和当地快递公司数对线上销售呈正向影响,而果农年龄和果园距最近快递集散点的距离抑制了线上销售比例的提升。基于研究结论,提出政府应积极引导果农进行品牌认证,加强认证后的监督管理,提高果农品牌保护意识,鼓励果农积极主动注册农产品商标,促使果农线上销售显著提升。