共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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气袋采样-苏玛罐转移-GC/MS法测定废气中醛类恶臭物质 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
曹爱丽 《环境监测管理与技术》2019,31(2):50-53
采用气袋采样-苏玛罐转移-GC/MS法测定废气中5种醛类恶臭物质,醛类同分异构体能够被完全分离、定性定量。保存时间验证试验表明,5种低浓度醛类在Tedler采样袋和PVDFs采样袋中能稳定存放12 h,高浓度醛类能较稳定地保存24 h,转移至苏玛罐中的样品能够稳定存放至少14 d。方法在4×10~(-10)~2×10~(-8)范围内线性良好,方法检出限为0.127μg/m~3~0.207μg/m~3,混合标气6次测定结果的RSD为3.4%~8.8%,加标回收率为103%~114%。 相似文献
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对双层磷酸氢二钾浸渍滤膜采集-氟离子选择电极测定环境空气中1、24 h气态和颗粒态总氟化物的方法进行了优化研究。方法采用小流量采集(24 h采样流量为16.7 L/min,1 h采样流量为50 L/min),解决了现有方法在样品采集上的问题,优化了样品制备中超声提取和静置方法。采样体积为3、24 m~3时,方法检出限分别为0.5、0.06μg/m~3,测定下限分别为2.0、0.24μg/m~3。实际样品测定,采样1 h时,加标回收率为87.9%~109%;采样24 h时,加标回收率为80.2%~99.3%,平行样测定的精密度为0.3%~2.9%,方法精密度和准确度良好,适用于环境空气中氟化物的测定。 相似文献
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环境空气中二氧化硫24 h连续采样存在的问题 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
针对二氧化硫24h连续采样过程中发现的问题,进行不同方式的模拟实验。结果表明,气样引入方式,空气温,湿度以及气体吸收液的动态稳定性均对采样效率有影响;甲醛吸收液对低浓度二氧化硫的吸收效率较低。对如何提高二氧化硫采样效率提出了几点建议。 相似文献
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绘制甲基橙分光光度法测氯气的标准曲线,研究在同一采样速率下不同浓度气体的采集效率和回收情况,探讨不同反应温度与放置时间对褪色反应的影响,为更好地掌握现场采样条件提供理论依据。应用甲基橙分光光度比色法测定不同浓度氯气,在不同温度下进行实验,并将吸收放置不同时间。本法的检出限为0.2μg/ml;若采样体积为2 L时,可测量浓度范围为0.5-30 mg/m3的氯气。回收率在60%~102%之间。对于环境空气中浓度超出其范围的氯气测定,高浓度需要稀释或减小采样速率,低浓度则需要加大采样速率或延长采样时间,温度对褪色反应影响明显,在温度较低的情况下进行褪色反应可使测得值偏低,反应温度控制在30℃为宜。放置时间长短对褪色反应不大,可隔天测试。但考虑空气中可能含有的臭氧等氧化物质,吸收液最好封口保存。 相似文献
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设计了一种24孔最大可能数法,用玫红酸抑制杂菌,快速检测水质粪大肠菌群。方法能在24 h内检测不同程度污染水样中103L-1~107L-1的粪大肠菌群,回收率为76.1%~108%,批内RSD为24.0%~34.0%。与多管发酵法的比较试验表明,两种方法相关性良好,且在添加玫红酸条件下等效。提出方法还需要更多不同性质及来源水样的检测结果来验证。 相似文献
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过氯乙烯滤膜采样-酸消解-钼蓝光度法测定磷酸雾 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了过氯乙烯滤膜采样 -酸消解 -钼蓝分光光度法测定磷化车间磷酸雾的监测方法。实验室模拟采样的捕集效率为 95 7%~ 99 1 %。单个实验室对含 5μg和 1 5μg样品进行多次测定 ,其相对标准差小于 5% ,样品加标回收率为 98 2 %~ 1 0 0 5% ,方法检测限为 0 0 0 7mg/m3。对标样测定 ,结果均在给定值范围内。用该法与等离子发射光谱法(ICP)对 5个样品进行比对测定 ,结果均令人满意。 相似文献
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对2,4-二硝基苯肼吸附衍生-高效液相色谱(DNPH-HPLC)法和罐采样/气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法的测定条件进行优化,将两种方法测定环境空气中13种醛酮类化合物(OVOCs)的结果做比对分析。结果表明,HPLC法和GC-MS法均可实现一次进样13种OVOCs全分析,方法检出限分别为0.26μg/m3~1.39μg/m3和0.49μg/m3~1.10μg/m3,加标回收率分别为95.9%~111%和52.0%~138%。两种方法测定实际样品,检出组分的测定结果无显著性差异;HPLC法适合测定环境空气中低碳类(C1~C3)低浓度OVOCs,GC-MS法适合测定多碳类(C4~C8)低浓度OVOCs。 相似文献
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硼氢化钾还原—无色散原子荧光法测定大气中粒子态汞 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
大流量采样器采样,王水分解。在采样体积为360M~3时,最低检出浓度为2×10~(-5)μg/M~3,精密度2.6%,回收率90—105%。适用于大气中粒子态汞的测定。 相似文献
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Monireh Sadat Mousavi Khosro Ashrafi Majid Shafie Pour Motlagh Mohhamad Hosein Niksokhan Hamid Reza Vosoughifar 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2017,22(5):431-444
Numerical and experimental analyses were applied to carbon monoxide (CO) concentration dispersion to monitor air quality in an enclosed residential complex parking area in Tehran. Firstly, the parking area was preliminary assessed through verifying the characteristics of the problem including the geometry and boundary conditions. Then, proportion of vehicular exhaust emissions was estimated and eventually experimental and numerical analyses were performed. In order to perform numerical calculation, a three-dimensional model was created to numerically simulate the enclosed residential complex parking area by FLUENT software that solves flow governing equations with finite volume method. In FLUENT, species model was selected to assess the dispersion of CO in flow domain. In experimental analysis, CO concentration was measured using sampling bags with a volume of 10 l in 4 min at 6 different points. The sample air was drawn into sampling bags by electric pumps. The findings show that the maximum amount of CO concentration is above the permissible standard recommended by the World Health Organization. Pollutant accumulation was significant in confined areas. In the place where openings exist, the level of accumulation was lower than other areas. The findings obtained from numerical simulation are in complete accord with experimental results. 相似文献
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建立了顶空-毛细管气相色谱测定水中吡啶丙酮乙腈的方法,不用有机溶剂萃取和浓缩,减少了损失和对环境的污染,具有灵敏度高、检出限低、定量准确、操作简便等特点。当取样量为5ml时,检出限可达到0.006~0.03mg/L级,相对标准偏差为1.0%~2.3%,加标回收率在78.0%~100.2%之间,完全适合水中吡啶丙酮乙腈的测定。 相似文献
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ICP-AES法和分光光度法测定工业废水中总磷的方法比较 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
用ICP-AES法和分光光度法同时测定4种不同工业废水中的总磷含量,将2种方法的测定结果作比对。试验表明,ICP-AES法对国家标准样品的测定结果具有较高的准确度和精密度,4种废水样品测定结果的加标回收率为94.0%~110%,RSD在0.9%~3.2%之间。分光光度法适用于低浓度、低干扰样品的测定,对于高浓度含磷废水,取样体积和样品稀释倍数均会对其测定结果产生显著影响。消解样品经浊度-色度补偿后,分光光度法的测定结果精密度较低。 相似文献
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夏荣波 《环境监测管理与技术》2014,26(1):46-48
采用蒸馏水吸收空气中的乙醇和异丙醇,气相色谱法测定,该方法在3.14 mg/L ~15.8 mg/L 范围内线性良好,乙醇标准曲线的相关系数为0.9994,异丙醇标准曲线的相关系数为0.9996。测定低浓度标准溶液,得到乙醇和异丙醇的检出限分别为0.418 mg/L 和0.399 mg/L;采样体积为0.04 m3时,乙醇和异丙醇最低检出质量浓度均为0.05 mg/m3。乙醇和异丙醇标准溶液的回收率为95.4%~104%,RSD<5%。样品稳定性试验表明,采集的乙醇和异丙醇样品保存时间越长损失率越大,一般保存7 d为宜。 相似文献
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The temporal variation in the concentrations of particulate trace metals (Cu, Pb and Zn) and total suspended solids (TSS) was examined in three rivers that drain into the Port Jackson estuary, Australia, using a nested, hierarchical sampling design. Sampling was conducted between March and June 1999, under low flow conditions. The sampling design incorporated four temporal scales (hours, days, weeks and months). It was considered that hours, days, weeks and months were representative of such time scales and could be analyzed as random, nested sources of variation in an analysis of variance (ANOVA). Significant variation was found at temporal scales ranging from hours, within the same day, to months. The amount and scales of variation differed between particulate trace metals and TSS concentrations and between rivers. In many cases, differences between small-scale were as important as differences between months. The results suggest that higher anthropogenic influences cause higher variability at small temporal scale. Results indicate the need for nested sampling designs to be incorporated into studies of temporal variation in order to unconfound small-scale temporal variation. The conclusions of this study are likely to be applicable to other water quality variables and pollutants. 相似文献
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Diffusive sampling of methyl isocyanate (MIC) on 4-nitro-7-piperazinobenzo-2-oxa-1,3-diazole (NBDPZ)-coated glass fibre (GF) filters is strongly affected by high relative humidity (RH) conditions. It is shown that the humidity interference is a physical phenomenon, based on displacement of reagent from the filter surface. In this paper, this drawback has been overcome by changing the filter material to the less polar polystyrene divinyl benzene (SDB). A series of experiments was performed to compare the analyte uptake on the two filter materials for different sampling periods and analyte concentrations at both low and high RH conditions. Additionally, the materials were investigated as well for passive sampling of ethyl (EIC) and phenyl isocyanate (PhIC) with NBDPZ and 1-(2-methoxyphenyl) piperazine (2-MP) as an alternative derivatising agent. Using 2-MP, the mean GF/SDB response ratios were determined to be 1.02 for MIC (RSD: 6.1%) and 1.03 for EIC (RSD: 6.8%), whereas PhIC could only be determined on SDB filters. Using NBDPZ as reagent, the negative influence of high humidity disappeared when SDB filters were used instead of GF filters. Even at low RH conditions, sampling with SDB material generally resulted in a higher analyte uptake than with GF filters. The GF/SDB response ratios were independent of sampling time or analyte concentration and were determined to be 0.70 (RSD: 4.7%) for MIC, 0.84 (RSD: 4.5%) for EIC and 0.95 (RSD 5.4%) for PhIC, meaning that the NBDPZ diffusive sampler based on SDB can be used at all humidity conditions without any restrictions. 相似文献
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采用碱片-离子色谱法测定空气的硫酸盐化速率,方法在硫酸盐质量浓度为1.00~20.0 mg/L范围内线性良好(r≥0.999 0);碱片剪碎或不剪碎对空白碱片中硫酸根离子质量浓度的测定无明显影响,且高低两种加标浓度的回收率均在80.0%~120%之间;对于碱片实际样品,碱片剪碎更有利于硫酸根离子的快速溶出;随浸泡时间的延长,碱片中溶出的硫酸根离子质量浓度呈上升趋势,7 h硫酸根离子基本溶出完全,从保证结果质量和节省时间的角度考虑,确定最佳浸泡时间为3.5 h,建议碱片全部采取剪碎处理。 相似文献
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Zoriy MV Varga Z Pickhardt C Ostapczuk P Hille R Halicz L Segal I Becker JS 《Journal of environmental monitoring : JEM》2005,7(5):514-518
An analytical procedure has been proposed for the determination of (226)Ra at the low femtogram per ml concentration level in mineral water samples using double focusing sector field ICP-MS (ICP-SFMS). For the pre-concentration and separation of radium from the matrix elements in water a tandem of a laboratory-prepared filter, based on MnO(2), and Eichrom "Sr-specific" resin was used. The recovery of the method was determined to be 70.5%. The limit of detection for (226)Ra determination was 0.02 fg ml(-1), including a pre-concentration factor of 10. In addition, uranium concentration and uranium isotope ratios were measured by ICP-SFMS. In several mineral water samples with a relatively high uranium content, (226)Ra concentrations were found between 0.7-15 fg ml(-1). The effective dose of the contribution was calculated using the radionuclide concentration and dose conversion factors from the World Health Organization, WHO (1993). Assuming a mineral water consumption of 2 l d(-1), a slightly higher calculated dose than the suggested limit for drinking water (0.1 mSv y(-1)) was found in some samples. 相似文献