我国废旧电器回收利用现状及存在的问题

人类社会发展到今天，创造了前所未有的文明，同时也带来了一系列环境问题。诸如废电脑、废家电、废通讯工具等废弃“电子垃圾”以及制造这砦电器过程中产生的各类废弃物占用着大量资源，对这蝼废旧电子器件和电子材料的不合理处置和回收会给环境造成极大污染。因此，广泛开展有关废旧电器和各类废旧电子材料回收利用方面的研究，使这些宝贵的二次资源得到科学合理的资源化和无害化处置，对保证人类所需生产和生活资源的永续利用，促进人类的可持续发展具有十分重要的意义。文章结合废旧电器回收利用进行了探讨。     

我国废旧线路板处置现状及非金属材料利用设想

本文在分析废线路板产生现状及成分组成的基础上，介绍了我国目前废线路板的主要处置工艺和回收利用现状，特别针对目前废旧线路板资源回收过程中对非金属材料重视不够的问题，提出了非金属材料回收利用的工艺设想，并对废线路板中非金属材料的利用前景进行了展望。     

废旧电脑拆解工艺与资源化案例研究

以某再生资源公司的废旧电脑拆解为案例进行研究,介绍了工艺技术、拆解回收各种资源的数据。研究结果表明,我国废旧电脑人工拆解-破碎-冶炼相结合的工艺,是电子废弃物循环利用、资源高效回收、减少环境风险的较好工艺技术,符合固废处理的3R(替代、减少、优化)原则。     

废旧电子电器产品资源化利用技术

介绍了废印制电路板处理及资源化技术、废旧冰箱无害化处理及资源回收技术、电视电脑拆解处理设备、废线缆资源回收生产线等四项废旧电子电器产品资源化利用技术的原理、工艺流程、技术特点及应用案例、经济和社会效益。     

我国废旧手机回收利用现状与对策分析

随着手机用户的增加，每年会产生大量的废旧手机。废旧手机一方面对环境构成潜在危害，一方面又具有回收利用的价值。本文针对我国目前废旧手机回收利用的现状，提出手机回收利用的措施，以有效应对电子垃圾污染，并实现资源的循环利用。     

废荧光灯的环境污染对策探讨

废荧光灯管中的有害物质如果处置不当,会对人体健康和环境造成危害。目前国内大部分废荧光灯管未得到无害化处置,主要在指定的法规、有效的政策以及完善的运营机制方面存在很多弊端,应引起社会各界的关注和政府部门的重视。本文结合国内外废荧光灯管回收处置现状,针对存在的问题,提出源头控制、分类收集、多渠道回收、建立资金及资金补贴机制以及技术手段措施,为从根本上解决废旧灯管回收难的问题,并探索社会源危险废物的管理提供对策建议。     

电子废物回收处理中的法律责任分担

随着《电子废物污染环境防治管理办法》和《废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法》等法规的相继实施,电子废物的回收处理工作又一次成为社会关注的焦点。其中,《电子废物污染环境防治管理办法》第14条（电子电器产品、电子电气设备的生产者应当依据国家有关法律、行政法规或者规章的规定,限制或者淘汰有毒有害物质在产品或者设备中的使用……电子电器产品、电子电气设备的生产者、进口者和销售者,应当依据国家有关规定建立回收系统,回收废弃产品或者设备,并负责以环境无害化方式贮存、利用或者处置）和《废弃电器电子产品处理基金征收使用管理办法》第4条（电器电子产品生产者、进口电器电子产品的收货人或者其代理人应当按照本办法的规定履行基金缴纳义务）分别规定了电子产品生产商的回收处置责任,由此可以看出国家试图通过“生产者责任延伸制度”的贯彻来规范我国电子废物回收处理市场。     

烟台绿环再生资源有限公司

烟台绿环再生资源有限公司成立于2004年3月,注册资本10,127万元,占地面积46万m2,是集普通废物资源化利用、电子废物拆解处置、危险废物无害化处置为一体的循环经济型企业。公司现已建成了危险废物处置中心、废弃电器电子产品回收处置中心、山东省固体废物资源化研发中心等,形成产学研为一体,功能区完善的加工利用基地。年综合处理能力达50万吨,处置电子废物300万台(套),处置和资源     

废印刷线路板处置和非金属回收利用研究进展

废印刷线路板的资源化处置一直是电子废弃物处理的热点和难点,目前有多种方法已经投入应用或者在研究阶段,这些方法在分离效率、回收率、操作简单性、本身环境友好性、有无二次污染等方面有不同的优缺点。目前主流的广泛采用的方法是分步处理,破碎后利用物理方法进行分选,得到的金属和非金属组分再分别进行进一步的回收利用。本文对近年来废印刷线路板的总体处置技术和物理分选后非金属的回收利用的研究进行了总结,并对将来的研究方向进行了展望,为废印刷线路板资源化再利用产业化发展提供参考。     

青岛新天地固体废物综合处置有限公司

青岛新天地集团是中国环境保护产业骨干企业,业务覆盖危险废物、医疗废物的收集、运输、无害化处置;废弃电器电子产品、报废汽车、废旧轮胎、废矿物油、废工业容器等的收集、运输、资源化利用;再生资源回收体系建设;污染土壤修复;污水、废气治理工程;静脉产业园区的规划、建设和管理;环保新兴产业装备研发、制造、销售等领域。2010年,公司固定资产达到50亿元,员工5000余人,销售收入35亿元。     

Issues in the Management of the Environment and Natural Resources in Bangladesh

Bangladesh is one of the most densely populated countries in the world with a very low per capita income. The increasing poverty and instability in the political front led to degradation of the environment and natural resources in the country. The present article reviews the current use of natural resources in Bangladesh and the emerging issues in sustainable management of those scarce resources. The paper shows that developments in one sector have adversely affected resources in related sectors and calls for an integrated approach to management of the environment and natural resources in a sustainable manner. The development of strong institutional mechanisms is necessary to facilitate the sustainable management of resources and to prevent further deterioration of the environment.     

Some considerations in the aftermath of the WWFs anniversary celebrations in Assisi

Summary The author considers various moral, social and political issues that have become apparent from the aftermath of the WWF's twenty-fifth Anniversary Celebrations in Assisi, Italy. In particular, the difficulty of making people understand the very ethics of conservation, when their cultural history has shaped their minds quite differently, is highlighted, and this is reflected in the author's suggested subtitle for the paper, How to Love Nature Without Getting your Shoes Wet.But don't ever leave me alone with Nature, For I know too much about her not to be afraid (Alfred de Vigny)Maria Luisa Cohen is President of the Assisi Nature Council (See also,The Environmentalist, 5 (3) 227–229).     

在自然中生活

当我躺在乡村的草丛中,长久地凝视一滴露珠的时候,我会在一瞬间变成一株植物,失去了对人类生活的记忆。在风中,我听见我的骨节都在响了,那应该是植物拔节生长的声音。而我真的对现实生活有过温存的记忆吗？我走在回家的路上,远望这一节一节像火车上车厢组成的楼房,我就感觉到自己的滑稽可怜。     

Planning in the countryside

The author considers the present greater awareness of the needs of the countryside brought about through public debate of the issues involved. The nature of countryside policies is considered and recent developments described. The paper concludes that much more positive planning is being undertaken to conserve the countryside, whilst allowing rural development to take place.     

心中的绿洲

早晨,随着一声关门的响声,我纳闷开了,妻子刚退休,不在家好好歇着,哪来那么多事？尤其是早晚那段时间,跑的不见人影。怀着探个究竟的好奇心,我马上奔到阳台观察。循着妻子的身影,我终于发现了秘密：树影婆娑的阳光里,妻子时而弯下腰,时而挺立身体,正在把丢弃在草坪上的几袋垃圾,捡起来放回一旁的垃圾桶内……我看呆了,这样的场景似乎在电视里才出现过,     

Sub-professional training in the field of the environment

Summary The need for trained technical personnel to monitor environmental systems is emphasised and detailed. Coincident with this need is a virtual absence of appropriate training schemes. The philosophy behind and development of such a course in Farnborough College of Technology is described. This course is a multidisciplinary Higher Diploma in Environmental Analysis and Monitoring aimed specifically at training technicians to deal with pollution and its effects. The paper details course aims and objectives and outlines the programme structure. As the staff at Farnborough have initiated such a training programme, we propose to act as a resource exchange centre in this sphere. Thus our experience could aid in the curriculum development of other schemes. Gareth Rees is Lecturer in Microbiology at Farnborough College of Technology. He has a first degree in Marine Zoology and an M.Sc. in Biodeterioration of Materials. He has recently completed Ph.D. studies into ecological aspects of marine fungi. At Farnborough he is leader of the Environmental Research Group, involved in several applied environmental microbiological projects.     

Diversity in sub-national EU implementation: the application of the EU Ambient Air Quality directive in 13 municipalities in the Netherlands

This paper offers an analysis of the implementation performance of the EU Ambient Air Quality directive in the Netherlands. It provides a systematic evaluation of the implementation of a procedural provision – the obligation to design air quality policy. It draws on original data on air quality policy measures that have been collected in 13 medium-sized Dutch municipalities. The analysis of differences in the implementation performance was performed using a novel three-dimensional conceptual framework. The findings illustrate great differences in the implementation performance between the municipalities. The focused comparison allowed establishing very precisely where the implementation performance is poor or even lacking, and which municipalities take their EU implementation task more seriously than others. Most puzzling, environmental problem pressure turned out not to act as a sufficient trigger for municipalities to take far-reaching air quality measures. In contrast to previous research, a more nuanced picture is painted when it comes to the concepts of ‘compliance’, ‘non-compliance’ and ‘over-compliance’. A careful dissection of the implementation performance based on the aspects of the conceptual framework produces hands-on recommendations to municipalities seeking to improve their air quality policy.     

Mineral exploration in the USSR and the USA

This article compares non-fuel mineral exploration in the USSR and the USA. It examines the organization of exploration; recent trends in the level and distribution of expenditures; exploration productivity; and planning and decision making. It shows that although the sequence of exploration stages and activities is very similar in both countries, substantial differences overshadow these similarities, largely because of different economic and political systems and mineral endowments. However, the article concludes that we still have much to learn before making a full comparison of Soviet and US exploration.