日照市生态产业园发展构想

根据日照市的产业现状，提出了日照市建设生态产业园的初步设想和生态产业园孵化机制。     

产业园生态效率评价——以九发生态产业园为例

生态产业园区的发展和评价已成为包括我国在内的全球产业可持续发展研究的热点领域。生态效率指标强调以较少资源投入和较低污染排放生产更多较高质量的产品,能同时评价经济效益和环境效益,符合人类可持续发展目标,现已是指导和评价生态工业园可持续发展建设的有效工具。本文应用生态效率理论和方法,对2004年九发生态产业园的运行情况进行了效率评价和生态功能探讨,并与同年全国平均生态效率指标进行了对比,发现九发生态产业园虽然产业链网较完善,但系统实际运行的生态效率高低不一。其中,单位原材料产出率和单位废水排放产出率指标明显低于全国平均水平,表明系统的生态功能发挥不足。因此,需进一步提高九发生态产业园的资源利用效率和能源使用效率,从而增加其经济效益和环境效益、促进其可持续发展。     

安康湿地综合生态产业园规划

针对当前城市中各类湿地在经济建设浪潮中,受城市扩张的影响而逐步退缩、湿地内部生境破碎化愈益严重的局面,以安康市湿地公园为例,引入多种生态技术、结合造园手法,探寻一种兼顾湿地生态效益与城市社会经济效益的多元化利用模式。     

试论生态规划

生态规划是生态建设的三大组成部分之一.它不仅研究自然资源的管理、保护、开发和土地利用,从广义上讲,则是根据经济、社会、自然等方面的信息,从宏观和综合角度参与区域性发展战略和中长期发展规划研究和决策,并提出相应的土地及资源利用和生态建设以及环境保护措施.本文从问题讨论的角度,论述了对生态规划基本认识、规划类型、规划指标体系和生态规划的初步实践.     

城市生态信息系统的开发与实施

本文提出了城市生态信息系统开发研制模式，探讨了系统设计与实施的基本步骤，对系统分析、系统规划、初步设计、详细设计和系统实施等主要应用系统开发环节作了详细的论述，并根据国内空间信息系统的发展趋势，提出了系统软、硬件的配置要求。     

湖南省生态经济分区及其发展研究

生态经济分区旨在协调区域经济发展与生态环境保护及自然资源利用的关系，是宏观管理区域社会经济持续发展的一种新模式、文章根据省级生态建设与发展需要，从生态经济系统原理出发，选择了34个适合湖南省生态经济系统分类的特征指标，以行政县为分类的基本单元，采用模糊聚类分析方法对湖南省进行了不重叠、内在的聚合分类。研究结果将湖南省分为6个生态经济区和24个生态经济亚区，与实际相符。在此基础上，对各生态经济区的生态经济特点、发展方向和环境保护策略进行了具体分析，为宏观指导湖南省生态经济建设与可持续发展提供科学依据。     

土地利用的生态规划方法

土地利用的生态规划方法是由美国宾夕法尼亚大学教授麦克哈格(McHarg)在60年代末最先发展的方法.这种方法的最显著特点是能综合考虑社会、经济和生态因素来制定土地利用规划.这种方法的两个核心技术是土地的生态适宜度分析和土地的承载能力分析.本文试图以方法发展的历史为顺序,介绍了几种常见的土地利用的生态规划方法     

小城镇生态规划的不确定性分析

针对目前我国小城镇以及小城镇生态规划面临的种种不确定性问题,分析其主要原因,并提出减少其中不确定性的分析方法,并进一步提出了“弹性规划“的构想,它包括规划目标的“弹性“和规划方案的“弹性“。弹性规划的提出使小城镇生态规划既能满足小城镇生态化水平发展的要求,又能考虑到各种不确定性因素的制约,具有更强的可操作性。     

生态城市规划需要优先考虑的几个问题

建设生态城市是城市发展的未来方向,而生态城市规划则是生态城市建设的起点,因此在规划中需要优先考虑城市经营成本问题、人力资源转化问题、区域生态安全问题和增长空间控制问题,从而使城市的生态设计建立在理性分析的基础上。     

日照阳光生态市建设框架

以“社会-经济-自然”复合生态系统理论为指导,通过系统辨识、系统模拟、系统分析和系统设计,找出了日照市社会经济发展的利导因子、限制因子和存在问题,弄清了复合生态系统的功能和过程,提出了日照市人口、资源、环境与产业的发展战略。     

生态城市的指标体系与评价方法

本文从城市生态系统结构，功能和功调度三方面构建了生态城市的指标体系，提出了生态城市的评价方法，并选择上海，深圳，天津，香港等五个沿海城市进行了城市生态化程度的分析。     

Integrating eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness into the design of sustainable industrial systems in China

As an important tool for environment management, eco-efficiency has been widely applied, but eco-effectiveness has only made progress on eco-design and life cycle management in recent years. Few have attempted to integrate eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness into sustainable industrial systems. In a new framework integrating eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness, both concepts can find unique roles and complement each other in industrial ecosystems to dissolve conflicts between industry and the environment. This article provides a case study of China in which eco-efficiency indicators (energy, water and waste utilisation intensity) have demonstrated great progress in China, but eco-efficiency cannot stop the increasing release of pollutants and their accumulating impact on ecological life-support systems. China must integrate eco-effectiveness and eco-efficiency into concrete sustainable development strategies, questioning whether limited resources are being used correctly. Both eco-efficiency and eco-effectiveness are identified as important indicators in the development of sustainable industrial systems. In the framework of sustainable industrial systems, eco-effectiveness must begin to play a more important role.     

Evaluating the environmental impacts of an urban wetland park based on emergy accounting and life cycle assessment: A case study in Beijing

In this paper, emergy accounting (EA) and life cycle assessment (LCA) methods are employed to investigate a typical urban wetland park, the Green Lake Urban Wetland Park (GLUWP) of Beijing, in terms of its environmental and capital inputs, ecosystem services and organic matter yields, environmental support, and sustainability. The LCA method is also used to obtain a quantitative estimation of the environmental impact of discharges during the entire life cycle of the GLUWP. Various emergy-based indices, such as emergy yield ratio (EYR), environmental load ratio (ELR), emergy sustainability index (ESI), net economic benefit (Np), and environmental impacts of process-based LCA, including global warming potential (GWP), eutrophication (EU), nonrenewable resource depletion (RU), energy consumption (EN), acidification potential (AP), photochemical oxidant creation potential (POCP), particulate matter (PM) and wastes (W), are calculated. The results show that the GLUWP has higher proportions of renewable resource input, less pressure on the environment, more environmental support and better ecological and economic benefits, which can be considered as an environment-friendly and long-term sustainable ecological practice, compared with another constructed wetland in Beijing. Meanwhile, the dominant environmental impact is induced by POCP with the construction phase contributing the most on the entire life cycle. It is expected that increasing green area, extensively using environment-friendly materials, optimizing construction techniques and reducing power consumption can promote the sustainability of the GLUWP.     

Industrial solid waste flow analysis of eco-industrial parks: implications for sustainable waste management in China

Sustainable waste management in the industrial ecology perspective brings enormous challenges to the existing methodology of waste analysis at the industrial park (IP) scale. In this study, a four-step method was proposed for industrial solid waste (ISW) flow analysis of eco-industrial parks (EIPs) and applied to two IPs in eastern China. According to a park-wide census of 619 industrial enterprises and 105 questionnaires by a survey from 2006 to 2008, the results indicated that: 1) at the enterprise scale, more than 60% of enterprises were small-ISW-generation enterprises which encountered great difficulties on effective waste management; 2) at the IP scale, though the two IPs have set up their own environmental management systems and passed the ISO 14001 certification, the efficiencies of the ISW management systems have yet to be improved in the industrial ecology perspective; and 3) at the regional scale, more than 97% of ISW flowed within the provincial region, indicating that the provincial governments prevented the wastes from flowing into their own “back yard”. Effective waste management should be placed in a broader perspective. Approaches to sustainable waste management may include wastes exchange, efficient waste and information flow, virtual EIP, waste minimization clubs and regionalization of waste management.     

宁波市城市绿地系统建设

生态城市建设对生态环境有着更加严格的要求，能否拥有一个良好的城市绿地系统，将成为生态城市建设的一个重要内容。在对彩红外航空遥感绿化调查结果进行分析、研究的基础上，对宁波市城市绿地系统景观的现状与存在的问题进行了讨论，提出了构建宁波市城市绿地系统的基本思路和绿地系统建设的主要内容。     

南昌市生态空间和生态保护红线划定研究

生态保护红线作为生态空间的刚性约束区域,是保障和维护国家生态安全的底线和生命线.结合国土空间规划双评价技术,以南昌市为例,选取水源涵养功能、水土保持功能、水质保护功能、生物多样性保护功能4种重要性指标和土壤侵蚀、酸沉降、水污染3种敏感性指标,采用模型评估法和净初级生产力定量指标评估法,开展生态空间和生态保护红线划定研究...     

佛山城市绿地现状评价体系

通过野外实测和数据收集的方法,运用层次分析法建立了佛山市绿地系统评价指标权重体系。结果表明:佛山市城市绿地系统综合效益处于一般水平,得分为0.383。佛山市绿地系统存在绿地斑块分布不均,绿化植物品种单一,忽视本地种的开发等问题。全绿化率最高的三水区达35.20%,最低绿化率禅城区则只有14.31%;乡土树种仅占全部绿化树种的30%;群落结构较简单,道路附属绿地的群落层片结构多为2层,地被植物品种单一。     

龙岩市土地生态安全动态评价

根据龙岩市土地资源特点,基于P-S-R框架模型构建土地生态安全评价指标体系,运用熵权法和综合指数法,对龙岩市2002~2012年土地生态安全进行动态评价,结果表明:龙岩市2002~2012年土地生态安全综合指数呈波动上升趋势,从2002年的"敏感级"上升到2012年的"良好级",期间2004~2008年一直处于"风险级",说明土地生态安全状况不断好转的同时仍不容乐观.在此基础上,提出改善土地生态安全的对策,为龙岩市土地资源合理利用和生态建设提供科学依据.     

农村生态环境分区的数量化方法─—以鞍山市为例

运用聚类分析和地理信息系统相结合的方法，选择了１８个指标和７８个分区单元，将鞍山市农村生态环境划分成８个区，作出分布图，并分别给出了各分区的主要特征。