徐州市电磁辐射环境的污染现状调查及评价

调查了徐州市电磁辐射污染源的状况,分析了其电磁辐射环境质量的现状,并对全市电磁辐射环境质量进行了评价,指出了分析工作中存在的问题,提出了防治对策。     

废旧计算机CRT监视器的管理和资源化技术

分析了废旧计算机CRT监视器的材料组成 ,并且阐明了它对环境和人体健康的潜在危害 ,同时比较了国内外相关管理现状 ,总结了目前已有的资源化技术 ,主要是拆解技术 ,并且介绍了目前国内外的资源化实践 ,并提出有关建议。     

宝应县畜禽养殖业的现状调研及污染防治对策

调查了宝应县畜禽养殖业的发展现状及分布情况,阐述了该县畜禽养殖业的污染防治状况,分析了污染防治中存在的主要问题,并提出了当地畜禽养殖业污染防治的基本思路和治理措施,对贯彻落实防治措施提出了建议。     

三索式格栅除污机电控系统的国产化设计

介绍了三索式格栅除污机的工艺及控制原理 ,提出了一些以低价的元器件代替高价元器件的方案 ,设计了国产化的电控系统 ,使整机完全实现国产化 ,降低了系统的成本 ,同时便于调试和维修。     

生态工业园区及其建设

生态工业园区是实现生态工业和工业生态学的重要途径 ,代表了未来工业生态系统发展方向。本文从生态工业园区的概念出发 ,分析了生态工业园区的基本特征与功能 ,阐述了生态工业园区的类型及其建设的重点内容 ,介绍了生态工业园区建设实践 ,提出了生态工业园区建设的对策与措施     

陕西神木大柳塔洗煤厂煤泥水快速沉降剂试验研究

为了解决陕西神木大柳塔洗煤厂煤泥水的快速沉降和洗水循环再利用 ,在深入研究原煤泥水处理工艺技术效能的基础上 ,研究和发展了一种新型高效、经济的煤泥水处理工艺技术 ,合成了一种快速沉降剂。经过反复试验研究 ,使得原煤泥水系统有了极大改善 ,实现了洗水闭路循环和煤泥厂内回收 ,降低了药耗 ,缩短了反应时间 ,达到了快速沉降的目的。     

氧化锌法处理低浓度SO_2烟气的模拟实验研究

文中介绍了氧化锌法脱硫的基本原理,总结了国内外研究及应用现状,同时详细叙述了模拟实验采用的流程、主要仪器,着重分析了不同SO2浓度下的吸收率以及亚硫酸锌的氧化率与氧化时间、浆液温度的关系,提出了实验过程中发现的问题及可采取的措施,为后期中试以及工业化应用提供了设计依据。     

含油废水处理技术进展

概述了含油废水的来源、特征、危害及分类,介绍了重力机械法、气浮法、絮凝法、吸附法、生化法等处理方法的原理和进展,并比较总结了他们的适用范围和优缺点,最后简述了含油废水处理的最新进展,提出了含油废水处理技术的一些建议和展望。     

堆肥过程中腐殖酸的生成演化及应用研究进展

腐殖酸是堆肥过程中生成的最具代表性的次生产物,对堆肥的稳定性、腐熟度等性质有重要影响。介绍了堆肥过程中腐殖酸的生成及动态变化,分析了堆肥腐殖酸的结构特性,归纳了堆肥过程中腐殖酸生成机制,并在此基础上探讨了影响堆肥腐殖酸生成演化的主要影响因素,总结了堆肥腐殖酸作为堆肥腐熟度指标、表面活性物质、吸附剂等的应用情况,最后提出了当前堆肥腐殖酸研究中存在的主要问题,并对未来的研究方向进行了展望。     

中国环境影响评价中的公众参与问题浅析

简述了环境影响评价中,公众参与的概念,分析了公众参与的必然性及其发展历程,同时也指出了目前环境影响评价中,公众参与存在的问题,通过分析,提出了若干建议。     

Combined biological and photocatalytic treatment for the mineralization of phenol in water

Phenol is degraded by biological treatment, however mineralization requires long time. To decrease the time and operational cost necessary for the mineralization of phenol, an optimum operation condition of the combined biological–photocatalytical treatment was investigated. The mineralization of phenol (50 mg l⁻¹) was conducted in a flow-type biomembrane tank combined with a batch-type TiO₂-suspended photocatalytic reactor. Phenol was degraded biologically to the concentration of 6.8 mg l⁻¹, an effective concentration for further photocatalytic treatment. After the biological treatment, the biotreated phenol was treated photocatalytically to complete the mineralization of phenol. The combined treatment shortened the mineralization time compared to the biological treatment and electric cost compared to the photocatalytic treatment only. The combined treatment may be suitable for a short-time mineralization of phenol in wastewater.     

中国城市污水强化一级处理研究现状与进展

综述了近年来中国城市污水强化一级处理的一些技术方法：化学强化一级处理；生物絮凝吸附强化一级处理；化学一生物联合絮凝强化一级处理。结合当前中国城市水污染控制现状以及亟待解决的突出问题，阐述了城市污水强化一级处理的重要性，同时提出了城市污水强化处理的建议和对策。     

酸-碱处理对剩余污泥水解酸化的影响

剩余污泥中富含有机质和营养元素可回收利用物质,污泥水解酸化液中的有机酸在去除或回收利用氨和磷后可作为进水化学需氧量(COD)不足的污水处理厂的补充碳源。通过控制pH,对比分析了不同处理方式(单独碱处理、酸-碱处理和碱-酸处理)对污泥水解酸化的影响。结果表明,单独碱处理的溶解性化学需氧量(SCOD)溶出量比酸碱联合处理要大16%左右,预处理第8天,达到5 406.1 mg/L。采用先酸(pH 4.0,4 d)后碱(pH 10.0,4 d)预处理,乙酸产量达到74.4 mg COD/g VSS,占总SCFAs的60.5%,产量及其占总短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)百分比含量均高于其他预处理方式。且酸-碱处理方式下NO4+-N和PO34--P溶出要优于其他处理方式。而单独碱处理方式下污泥减量效果最好,VSS去除率为36.6%。     

液膜分离技术在工业装置上的应用

采用液膜分离工艺处理含酚、氰农药废水，处理废水量36t／d，通过工业应用实例试运行，效果一直很好。达到了设计要求。     

Land application of tylosin and chlortetracycline swine manure: Impacts to soil nutrients and soil microbial community structure

The land application of aged chortetracycle (CTC) and tylosin-containing swine manure was investigated to determine associated impacts to soil microbial respiration, nutrient (phosphorus, ammonium, nitrate) cycling, and soil microbial community structure under laboratory conditions. Two silty clay loam soils common to southeastern South Dakota were used. Aerobic soil respiration results using batch reactors containing a soil-manure mixture showed that interactions between soil, native soil microbial populations, and antimicrobials influenced CO₂ generation. The aged tylosin treatment resulted in the greatest degree of CO₂ inhibition, while the aged CTC treatment was similar to the no-antimicrobial treatment. For soil columns in which manure was applied at a one-time agronomic loading rate, there was no significant difference in soil-P behavior between either aged CTC or tylosin and the no-antimicrobial treatment. For soil-nitrogen (ammonium and nitrate), the aged CTC treatment resulted in rapid ammonium accumulation at the deeper 40cm soil column depth, while nitrate production was minimal. The aged CTC treatment microbial community structure was different than the no-antimicrobial treatment, where amines/amide and carbohydrate chemical guilds utilization profile were low. The aged tylosin treatment also resulted in ammonium accumulation at 40 cm column depth, however nitrate accumulation also occurred concurrently at 10 cm. The microbial community structure for the aged tylosin was also significantly different than the no-antimicrobial treatment, with a higher degree of amines/amides and carbohydrate chemical guild utilization compared to the no-antimicrobial treatment. Study results suggest that land application of CTC and tylosin-containing manure appears to fundamentally change microbial-mediated nitrogen behavior within soil A horizons.     

污水深度处理流程对污染物去除效果评价方法

城市污水再生处理流程大多采用几种深度处理单元组合而成,由单个处理单元对污染物的去除效果来准确评价组合流程整体的处理效率对于工艺方案的确定和实际运行具有重要意义。在对处理过程中污染物浓度分布变化分析的基础上,建立了污水深度处理流程污染物去除效果的评价分析方法,并根据3种常用再生处理单元的实验结果,以总大肠菌群为例,评价了混凝沉淀过滤与生物活性炭和超滤联用处理流程对总大肠菌群的去除效果,计算结果表明,这种评价分析方法是准确可行的。     

臭氧预氧化-BAF工艺深度处理垃圾渗滤液

以广东省江门市垃圾填埋场垃圾渗滤液为研究对象,对经SBR生化处理和聚合硫酸铁混凝后的垃圾渗滤液,采用臭氧-BAF(曝气生物滤池)工艺进行深度处理。该工艺优点在于：臭氧高级氧化技术使大分子有机污染物降解成二氧化碳和水,或者小分子有机污染物,有利于后继BAF的生化处理,且臭氧处理过后废水的色度明显降低,是废水处理的有效方法之一。而后采用曝气生物滤池对垃圾渗滤液进行进一步处理,对COD进一步去除。结果表明,当臭氧的加入量为150 mg/L,BAF停留时间＞4 h,出水COD低于85 mg/L,稳定达到国家GB 16889-1997《生活垃圾填埋污染控制标准》一级排放标准,臭氧氧化法处理每吨垃圾渗滤液的费用为4.8元。     

局部地区印染废水集中治理探索

分析了地区性的印染废水排放情况以及水污染治理的现状,综合比较了印染废水的主要处理工艺,对地区印染废水实施集中治理进行了初步设想,并推荐了主要处理工艺和流程,对提高行业水污染治理水平、改善区域环境质量具有探索性意义.     

Improvement of DOC removal by multi-stage AOP-biological treatment

The single and multi-stages advanced oxidation process (AOP)-biological treatments were evaluated to apply for drinking water treatment, especially for the water containing less susceptible dissolved organic carbon (DOC) to ozone, comparing with the ozonation-biological treatment. Minaga reservoir water and the secondary effluent from a Municipal wastewater treatment plant were used as dissolved organic matter (DOM) solutions. DOC removals after 60 min AOP-biological treatment were 62% and 41% in the Minaga reservoir water and the secondary effluent, respectively, whereas those in the ozonation-biological treatment only 40% and 15% of DOC were removed, respectively. The result indicated that the single-stage AOP-biological treatment could improve DOC removal in comparison with the single-stage ozonation-biological treatment. This is because the AOP mineralized both biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) produced in the early stage of oxidation and non-biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (NBDOC), whereas only BDOC was mineralized by further ozonation and NBDOC was not oxidized in the ozonation-biological treatment. The multi-stage treatment could not improve DOC removal in comparison with the single-stage treatment in the ozonation-biological treatment for the secondary effluent containing less susceptible DOC to ozone. However, the multi-stage AOP-biological treatment significantly reduced DOC and achieved 71% of DOC removal by 4 times repetition of 15 min oxidation, whereas DOC removal was 41% in the single-stage AOP-biological treatment for the same oxidation time. The improvement of DOC removal by the multi-stage AOP-biological treatment was due to BDOC removal as a radical scavenger by subsequent biological treatment in the early stage of oxidation and direct mineralization in the latter stage of oxidation.     

瘦西湖风光电能驱动的曝气生物接触氧化水净化系统结构与功能

在瘦西湖选择中试河段,利用太阳能风能绿色能源,研发了风光电能驱动的曝气生物接触氧化水净化系统。系统由风光互补发电子系统、曝气生物接触氧化子系统、植物生态子系统组成。风光电能驱动的曝气生物接触氧化水净化系统运行正常。按照景观娱乐用水水质标准进行水质监测,采用模糊综合评价与贴近度计算方法,进行了系统水净化功能评价。结果表明,在试验段原水水质低于景观水C类,经该系统水净化后,可以达到景观水B类。系统的开发与实验,探索了利用绿色能源河湖水净化的新途径。