HFC-245fa装置压力管道RBI技术应用

采用基于风险的检验(RBI)技术对HFC-245fa装置376条压力管道进行风险评估.针对该装置压力管道输送介质特性进行风险源辨识,分析压力管道可能存在的损伤机理,计算当前以及停工检修时间点评估单元的失效可能性、失效后果及整体风险水平,根据风险评估结果制定HFC-245fa装置压力管道的检验策略,以有利于指导该装置的停...     

基于RBI的苯乙烯/环氧丙烷装置压力管道在线检验研究

对苯乙烯／环氧丙烷装置进行腐蚀回路划分,并将腐蚀回路中的压力管道按照管径、材质及用途等因素划分为不同的组别后进行RBI分析。根据风险评估结果,结合压力管道的使用情况、失效机理及剩余使用寿命等确定下一个检验周期和检验策略。以腐蚀回路中的组别作为检验单元,根据其失效可能性及风险等级确定各检验单元的检验比例和检验方法进行在线检验。结果表明：基于RBI分析结果的压力管道在线抽检方法可以验证风险评估的结果,同时还可以满足使用单位对管道的风险控制要求。     

丁二烯装置基于风险的检验技术应用

采用RBI技术对丁二烯装置进行风险评估,经分析装置存在的主要损伤机理有碱应力腐蚀开裂、有机酸腐蚀、冷却水腐蚀、冲刷腐蚀和丁二烯自聚等,装置的风险由失效后果主导,失效可能性较高的评估单元集中在脱重冷凝系统和薄壁小直径管道。根据基于风险的检验策略对装置实施检验,检验过程中发现装置存在脱重冷凝系统设备应力腐蚀开裂、一萃塔系统换热器点蚀、接管角焊缝开裂和压力管道腐蚀减薄等主要问题,检验检测结果与风险评估过程中识别的损伤机理和薄弱环节保持一致。     

基于RBI的碳五石油树脂装置风险评估分析

从技术特点、实施效用等方面,对QRA与RBI两类风险评估技术进行比较,选择使用RBI技术方法对碳五石油树脂装置内静设备及管道实施风险评估。运用挪威船级社的ORBIT Onshore软件定量计算评估范围内设备、管道风险值,评定风险等级,辨识隐患设备,然后从后果、可能性两方面分析产生风险的主要影响因素,经分析得知碳五石油树脂装置受H2S、HCl腐蚀减薄影响轻微,但NaOH导致的碱应力腐蚀对聚合反应后序工段中部分管道设备失效可能性影响较大。最后根据装置内存在的不同损伤机理提出检验优化策略,为装置定期检验工作提供科学的决策支持。     

浅谈RBI在异辛烷装置工业管道检验中的应用

笔者单位于2020年停车大检修中采用了RBI技术对异辛烷装置中的工业管道实施了检验。在此次检验过程中,笔者单位和检验单位协商合作,结合装置固有风险与设备运行情况,在原有检验策略的基础上,对管道埋地段、检验过程中发现的材料错用或代用情况、硫酸管道等特殊部位与情况提出了单独要求,优化了基于风险的检验策略,使现场实施的检验策略更加符合检验装置实际情况,通过检验的实施,降低了装置的运行风险,提高了装置生产管理水平。     

基于RBI的环氧丙烷／苯乙烯装置风险评估分析

本文介绍定量RBl分析方法在某石化公司环氧丙烷／苯乙烯装置风险评估中的实施过程,对装置中的容器和管道进行风险分析,并基于其潜在的损伤机理和风险等级给出适宜的大修检验策略。在保证检验有效性的前提下,优化检验资源,降低运行风险,以满足装置长周期安全稳定运行的需要。     

RBI技术在保险粉装置压力容器上的应用

通过基于风险的检验(RBI)技术,采用石化设备风险评估软件对中盐红四方保险粉装置的255台压力容器进行了风险评估。分析255台容器的失效模式和损伤机理,计算失效可能性和失效后果,给出风险等级。然后依据评估结果,提出降险措施,制定检验策略,为后期检验提供参考和依据,提高装置的运行可靠性。     

基于风险分析的乙烯裂解装置压力管道在线检验的优化

以乙烯裂解装置RBl分析结果为基础，将腐蚀回路中的压力管道按照管径、材质及用途等因素划分为不同的检验单元进行在线检验优化，根据其失效可能性及风险等级确定各检验单元的检验比例。结果表明：基于RBf分析结果的压力管道在线抽检方法可以满足使用单位调整风险要求。     

承压设备的风险评估技术及其在我国的应用和发展趋势

本文简介了压力容器、压力管道等承压设备的风险评估技术的基本原理,包括成套装置的RBI技术和埋地管道的风险评估技术.以化工厂EVA装置和高压燃气管道风险评估的实例为核心,阐述了承压设备风险评估技术在我国的应用情况.归纳了我国承压设备风险评估技术发展趋势.     

基于风险的检验技术在苯加氢装置管道的应用

简述基于风险的压力管道检验技术基本理念,讨论压力管道的危害风险和失效模式,介绍了风险评估方法及其适用场合、风险评估程序。对某苯加氢装置的管道系统进行风险检验评价,对该管道的各种危险因素进行分析,并对其基础数据和检验检测结果进行了研究和探讨,近而采用5×5风险矩阵法和定性分析,对苯加氢装置管道系统进行风险评估,根据该评估结论,提出了科学制定检修计划的建议和控制风险措施。研究结果表明:基于风险的检验技术,既能节约大量的停机和检验维修费用,又能有效地提高重点设备的安全性和管理水平。     

RBI技术在我国企业的应用研究与改进思考

基于风险的检测技术(RBI)是目前化工行业逐渐采用并得到认可的一种新的设备检测技术。在对RBI体系研究的基础上,阐述了RBI的系统思想、实施步骤与应用价值;在工艺危害性分析的基础上,采用挪威船级社的ORBIT Onshore软件对常减压装置进行了定量RBI分析,识别出装置设备和管道的主要腐蚀损伤模式,确定设备和管道的风险大小分布以及风险检测策略;并根据RBI在化工等行业企业的应用实践对RBI技术在我国应用过程中存在的不足提出了相关改进建议。     

成品油站场工艺管道风险辨识与评价

为保障成品油站场工艺管道的安全平稳运行,在充分辨识风险因素的前提下,提出了一种基于KENT法和RBI的风险评价方法。首先,以风险机理分析为基础,采用SHEL模型从导致风险上升的直接原因（风险内因）和间接原因（风险外因）2个角度辨识了风险因素,并细化各因素指标项;然后借鉴KENT法,对各指标项进行评分量化;依据RBI法,采用风险外因体系修正风险内因体系的方式确定失效可能性;综合环境后果、人员后果与商业后果,明确失效后果的评价体系与计算方法;最后,结合失效可能性与失效后果进行风险评价,从风险等级和风险排序2方面为检维修决策提供依据。应用表明:该评价方法便于工艺管道风险评价的基层实施,可为基于风险的检维修决策提供有效技术支撑。     

Application of risk based inspection in refinery and processing piping

In refineries and processing plants, the enormous amount of piping is more complex in distribution than other types of equipment. In general, compared with other types of equipment in these industries, more difficulty in inspection planning is encountered.

However, under-inspection or over-inspection can occur due to the lack of jurisdictional requirements on the inspection interval and method for piping, or the inspection interval being based only on piping service classifications in the existing regulations, such as API 570. This can result in unacceptable risks, along with costly loss of resources.

To lessen the piping risk level, more and more companies have adopted and applied risk based inspection (RBI) methodology, leading to risk reduction and cost benefits since the last decade. This study applied RBI methodology to optimize the inspection strategy of the piping in a refinery and petrochemical plants in Taiwan. Two actual case studies were corroborated better with quantitative RBI methodology than without the methodology in terms of risk and cost reductions.     

Risk-based inspection (RBI) of a gas pressure reduction station

One of the principles of corrosion management is proper inspection methodology, and in particular the risk-based inspection (RBI). Occasionally a large percentage of the total risk of a unit is concentrated in a small part of the equipment, which can be reduced by using risk management techniques. In this study, a semi-quantitative risk-based inspection method has been performed in a gas station with for its components (pipelines, filters, etc.), to identify the existing damage mechanisms and also to rank its equipment in terms of inspection intervals. In this regard, RBI was performed for the gas station which consisted of phases (Phase A & Phase B) with Class 300 and Class 600 equipment. According to documented conditions and reviewed records the main damage mechanism for the investigated components in the gas station was identified as wall thinning due to erosion corrosion and external corrosion. In terms of inspection, results showed that most of the equipment studied had medium risk level and a few had medium to high level of risk. In this regard, the corrosion rates of Class 300 and Class 600 equipment were also studied and compared, and it was indicated that the corrosion rates were higher at locations for Class 300 equipment where more pressure drop had occurred. Overall, based on the obtained corrosion rates and obtained risk matrixes, it was concluded that wall thinning (erosion-corrosion) was the determining risk factor for equipment inspected in the gas pressure reduction station.     

Risk-based inspection for large-scale crude oil tanks

Periodic Internal Inspection Method often results in under-inspection or over-inspection for large-scale crude oil tank. Therefore, how to determine reasonable internal inspection interval (INTII) has great significance on balancing the safe operation requirement and inspection cost for crude oil tanks. Here, RBI (risk-based inspection) technology is used to quantitatively assess the risk of crude oil tanks in an oil depot in China. The risk comparison between tank shell and bottom shows that the risk of tank depends on the risk of tank bottom. The prediction procedure of INTII for crude oil tanks is also presented. The INTII predicted by RBI method is gradually extended with the increasing of the acceptable risk level. The method to determine the acceptable risk of crude oil tanks is proposed, by which 3.54E+04 are taken as the acceptable risk of the oil depot. The safety factor of 0.8 is proposed to determine the final INTIIs for 18 crude oil tanks. The INTII requirement in China code SY/T 5921, 5-7 years, is very conservative and lower than predicted service life of tanks. The INTIIs predicted by Gumbel method are smaller than by RBI method for tanks with short INTII. Therefore, this paper recommends RBI method to predict the INTII for crude oil tanks.     

基于可靠度理论的RBI修正模型研究

基于风险的检测技术包括定性RBI判断和定量RBI计算,定性判断得到风险相对的高低,风险相对较低者则不必进行定量RBI计算,风险高者再进行下一步定量RBI计算。在API581中,国外风险分析统计表明,石化企业的风险分布范围有一个所谓的"二八"现象,即"80%的风险是由20%的设备引起",中高风险以上的设备范围一般在20%左右。但我国十套装置风险分析结果发现,这个结论在我国并不适用,我国中高风险设备往往在40%左右。论文分析了API581在中国应用的局限性,引入可靠度理论计算设备失效概率,预估未来的失效概率或可靠度,可以完整地以RBI方法在得知失效后果和失效概率下,评估出此设备在整个系统中所处的地位,从而适当地分配检测、维修资源,在RBI完成后再进行风险评价进而完成风险评估过程。     

基于风险的检验(RBI)在国内合成氨装置中的应用

利用API581基于风险的检验原理,采用RISKWISE分析软件对九江石化合成氨装置中的设备和管道进行了风险评估;并在装置采用的工艺、不同装置的设备和管道的失效机理和计算出的风险分布这3方面,将其风险评估结果与国内兄弟单位完成的其他合成氨装置的风险评估结果进行了比对;其结果体现了我国目前合成氨装置的设备和管道风险的大致分布,可供我国其他合成氨装置的风险评估参考,也为制定我国合成氨装置基于风险检验的法规标准提供了相关数据;同时,对国内采用针对装置的基于风险的检验的新模式进行了探讨。