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为了解高含硫气田地面工程职业病危害因素及防护设施的效果,文章采用职业卫生学调查、职业卫生检测和职业健康监护相结合的综合分析与评价方法,对某高含硫气田地面工程试运行期间的职业病危害防护设施效果进行评价。结果表明:项目运行过程中存在的主要职业病危害因素有硫化氢、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、二氧化硫、硫磺粉尘、噪声等12种,除锅炉、空气氮气站岗位噪声强度超过职业接触限值外,其余均符合国家职业卫生标准,职业健康检查无职业禁忌证及职业病,表明该项目的职业病危害防护设施设计合理,防护有效。 相似文献
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为了解某油田集中处理站生产过程中存在的职业病危害因素及防护设施的效果,采用职业卫生调查和职业病危害因素现场检测相结合的方法进行综合分析与评价。结果表明,集中处理站需要重点防护的职业病危害因素为粉尘(药剂粉尘)、H_2S、NMHC和噪声,除污水压泥机间、注水泵房等场所定点噪声强度较高外,其余职业病危害因素浓度(强度)均符合工作场所有害因素职业接触限值;明确了职业病危害关键控制作业岗位,提出应按照职业病危害严重的建设项目进行职业卫生管理,加强关键控制作业岗位防治措施和职业健康监护工作。 相似文献
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针对油气田集输站场噪声源点多的现状,通过对生产工艺、设备、现场卫生学调查综合分析,油气田开发项目高噪声设备集中在大功率泵、压缩机、发电机等,结合类似项目职业卫生评价经验,识别该项目生产过程中噪声主要存在场所、接噪人员。进行了噪声个体采样检测,气田内部集输采气工、天然气处理厂操作工噪声定点采样检测,结果判定均为合格。提出了防噪设施和个人防护措施设施,阐明了噪声作业分级及分级管理原则,通过采取工程防护、个体防护、职业健康监护等措施,可有效预防职业性噪声聋的发生、控制噪声危害进程,从而促进康复、改善职工的生活质量。 相似文献
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天然气中常含有硫化氢、一氧化碳和有机硫等酸性组分,酸性组分的存在会造成金属腐蚀、环境污染并进而危害人体健康等。文章简单介绍了天然气脱硫净化及硫磺回收工艺,重点对天然气生产过程中所产生的硫化氢、甲烷、硫磺、二氧化硫、一氧化碳、氮氧化物、噪声、高温等职业病危害因素进行了识别,分析并介绍了其影响及防护措施。 相似文献
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文章综合现场调查结果和有害物质浓度检测数据,采用风险评估指数法对某油田化验室类工作 场所职业危害风险进行评估。在3类101个化验室28种职业病危害因素中,低风险化验室24个,中风险化验 室4个,无其他风险等级。4个中风险化验室可通过加强防护设施、完善职业病防护用品配备、减少试剂用量或 减少接触时间将风险降至低风险水平。风险评估指数法可以较好地对同类工作场所接害风险进行定量分析,并反推优化和改进关键点,为企业职业危害风险控制提供科学依据和合理化建议。 相似文献
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Trametes versicolor decolorized 2000 mg L(-1) of the mono-azo substituted naphthalenic dye Amaranth with no dye sorption observed visually. The changes in the toxicity were assessed over a period of 30 d for the dye-treated viable culture, control (no dye added), and a boiled culture treated with dye, using the Microtox Acute Toxicity assay. Before dye addition, the culture filtrate had some toxicity, which increased after the dye addition. The toxicity of the dye-treated culture decreased during the treatment. The loss of toxicity occurred at the same time, with the loss of color suggesting that detoxification is associated with decoloration. The change in pH was due to natural metabolic processes and had a small effect on detoxification. Because the toxicity of the treatment was similar to that of the control at the end of the treatment, the effluent seems to be safe for release into the environment, potentially rendering this treatment suitable for industrial application. 相似文献
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泵站树状给水管网流量具有随机性,而这种随机性变化会直接影响管网的建设费用和动力费用.针对这-特点,应用随机规划原理,建立泵站树状给水管网机会约束模型,编写基于随机模拟的遗传算法程序求解该模型.机会约束模型能较客观地反映该管网的实际工况,使优化设计结果更符合实际. 相似文献
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城镇化是推动我国经济社会发展的重要动力,在高速发展的同时,带来大量污染排放,威胁乡村环境质量与可持续发展。在对乡村生态环境问题剖析的基础上,从战略、实施、方式等层面探索解决思路,围绕科学规划、发展方式、基础建设、管理机制、宣传教育等方面分析关键点,加强乡村环境保护,保障城镇化建设健康发展,为促进农村农业持续发展提供持久动力。 相似文献
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Günay Kocasoy 《Environmental management》1989,13(4):469-475
The increase in the number of tourists visiting a coast is desired by most of the countries for economic reasons. However, this increase in tourism may cause pollution of the sea. This can be only avoided by proper planning and by predicting the carrying capacity of the coast in terms of sea pollution. This is especially important for developing countries where part of the wastewater is discharged without any treatment into the sea.In the present study the beaches were classified according to their use — and consequently the amount of waste discharged into the sea — into four groups: (1) coasts that are used only for swimming and recreational purposes; (2) coasts used simultaneously for dwelling, swimming, and recreational purposes; (3) coasts along which only dwellings exist; and (4) natural and man-made harbors, i.e., coasts used as shelters. During the survey,40,320 observations were made between December 1985 and February 1988 to determine the effect of the number of tourists on seawater quality. The results obtained were analyzed by a multilinear regression program to obtain an empirical equation giving the extent of the sea pollution in terms of coliform concentration as a function of population density and some other environmental factors.The equations derived in this study enable the determination of the carrying capacity of a beach in terms of pollution as well as the expected degree of pollution corresponding to a given population density. Furthermore, it allows the prediction of the extra carrying capacity that can be obtained by improving the waste-disposal conditions. 相似文献
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阐释了信息产业专门化街区的内涵,结合对合肥市黄山路信息产业专门化街区构成要素的分类及其邻近度的分析,分别从空间结构演化、景观演化、功能演化三方面阐述了合肥市黄山路由"电子一条街"向"信息产业专门化街区"的总体演化阶段,探讨了信息产业专门化街区的未来发展趋势。 相似文献
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