铁矿企业发展循环经济的模式选择

论述了我国铁矿企业加快发展循环经济的重要性和紧迫性,通过对国家循环经济试点单位的调研,提出铁矿企业发展循环经济可以采取“两提高、三综合、一恢复”的模式,即提高采矿回采率和出矿品位,提高选矿金属回收率和精矿品位;矿产资源综合利用;恢复矿山生态环境。并就铁矿企业如何大力发展循环经济提出建议。     

国家发展改革委办公厅关于开展资源综利用“双百工程”建设的通知

各省、自治区、直辖市及计划单列市、新疆生产建设兵团发展改革委,经贸委（经委、经信委）,有关中央企业： 为贯彻落实《国民经济和社会发展第十二个五年规划纲要》提出的“提高资源综合利用水平”和“培育一批资源综合利用示范基地”的总体要求,根据《“十二五”资源综合利用指导意见》和《大宗固体废物综合利用实施方案》等文件部署,我委决定开展资源综合利用“双百工程”建设,“十二五”期间将在全国重点培育和扶持百个资源综合利用示范工程（基地）和百家资源综合利用骨干企业,发挥示范引领作用,带动整体水平提升,推动战略．『生新兴产业发展,加快经济发展方式转变。现就有关事项通知如下：     

日本钢铁工业发展循环经济简介

介绍日本钢铁工业发展循环经济的实践经验和主要做法,与之相比,指出我国钢铁工业发展循环经济存在的差距,并提出我国钢铁工业依法率先发展循环经济应采取的主要措施.     

长流程钢铁企业发展循环经济的模式

钢铁工业是国家发展循环经济的优先切入点,是打造循环型产业的重点;循环经济又是钢铁工业转变增长方式的优先切入点,是打造资源节约型和环境友好型钢铁企业的重要手段.详细介绍长流程钢铁企业发展循环经济的"四四"模式,以及济钢、莱钢、鞍钢、攀钢、包钢等长流程钢铁企业多年的实践探索和经验,为其他钢铁企业发展循环经济提供借鉴.     

发展循环经济,建设绿色矿山

中国铝业股份有限公司广西分公司发展循环经济,建设绿色矿山,提高资源综合利用水平;严格处理"三废",积极复垦还地,避免浪费土地资源,保护生态环境,造福当地人民。其经验和做法为建设绿色矿山,发展矿业循环经济提供借鉴。     

江苏中再生混杂废塑料综合利用项目奠基

“废旧机电产品和塑胶资源综合利用关键技术与装备开发”重大项目已被列入“十一五”国家科技支撑计划。这是国家首次将再生资源综合利用纳入科技支撑计划,将大力促进废旧资源利用行业的节能减排,推动循环经济发展。     

短流程钢铁企业发展循环经济的模式

大力发展短流程钢铁企业,是钢铁工业节能减排、发展循环经济、实现可持续发展的重要途径。介绍了国内外电炉短流程钢铁企业的发展情况,阐述了短流程钢铁企业"三低两高"发展循环经济的模式,提出提高我国短流程炼钢产量占总产量比重必须采取的战略措施,以及短流程钢铁企业发展循环经济亟需解决的关键问题。     

钢铁工业发展循环经济要解决的关键问题

作为经济发展的重要基础产业,钢铁工业在我国国民经济建设中发挥了不可替代的作用。针对钢铁工业发展过程中存在的矛盾和问题,提出发展循环经济,建设资源节约型、环境友好型钢铁工业重点要解决的几个问题。     

2010年工业节能与综合利用工作要点

2010年工业节能与综合利用工作的总体要求是,深入贯彻落实科学发展观,按照中央经济工作会议及全国工业和信息化工作会议部署,以结构调整和发展方式转变为主线,突出抓好节能降耗,全面推行清洁生产,加强工业“三废”综合利用,积极发展工业循环经济,加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型工业体系,力争单位工业增加值能耗下降7％,工业固体废物综合利用率提高1．5个百分点,完成淘汰落后产能年度计划任务,为全面实现“十一五”节能减排目标和应对气候变化作出积极贡献,努力推动工业发展方式转变。     

2017全国废钢铁大会在长沙召开

正为推动废钢铁资源的高效合理利用,提高废钢铁综合利用水平,助力钢铁工业绿色发展,2017年11月23日,由中国废钢铁应用协会、上海钢联电子商务股份有限公司、全国废钢铁产业联盟联合主办的2017全国废钢铁大会在长沙召开。中国工程院院士殷瑞钰,工业和信息化部节能与综合利用司、国家发展改革委环资司,中国钢铁工业协会、中国金属     

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyols and Polyurethane Foams from PET Waste and Crude Glycerol

In this study, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) waste from post-consumer soft-drink bottles and crude glycerol from the biodiesel industry were used for the preparation of polyols and polyurethane foams. PET waste was firstly depolymerized by the glycolysis of diethylene glycol. The glycolyzed PET oligomers were then reacted with crude glycerol at different weight ratios to produce polyols via a series of reactions, such as esterification, transesterification, condensation, and polycondensation. The polyols were characterized by titration, viscometry, gel permeation chromatography (GPC), and differential scanning calorimetry. Subsequently, polyurethane (PU) foams were made via the reaction between the produced polyols and polymeric methylene-4,4′-diphenyl diisocyanate and were characterized by mechanical testing, scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis. Polyols from crude glycerol and their PU foams were also prepared to compare properties with those of polyols and PU foams from PET and crude glycerol. The influence of aromatic segments existing in glycolyzed PET and glycerol content on the properties of the polyols and PU foams was investigated. It was found that aromatic segments of polyols from glycolyzed PET helped increase their molecular weights and improve thermal stability of PU foams, while high glycerol content in polyols increased the hydroxyl number of polyols and the density and compressive strength of PU foams.     

电厂建设运行中的水土流失预测与水土保持设计

在燃煤电厂建设运行的同时,将引起一系列的水土流失问题.以四川国电金堂电厂二期扩建工程为例,简要说明项目区水土流失预测的内容和方法,并在其基础上对可能产生的水土流失和危害进行了分析,同时介绍了建设期和运行期采取的综合防治措施,为类似工程的水土保持提供借鉴.     

磷对环境的污染及防治对策

我国水体富营养化严重，其主要控制因子是磷。在分析磷污染的污染状况，污染源的基础上，介绍了防治对策，采用低磷循环冷却水处理剂，减少磷排放，是防止工业磷污染的有效方法。     

Pyrolysis of virgin and waste polypropylene and its mixtures with waste polyethylene and polystyrene

A comparison of waste and virgin polypropylene (PP) plastics under slow pyrolysis conditions is presented. Moreover, mixtures of waste PP with wastes of polyethylene (PE) and polystyrene (PS) were pyrolyzed under the same operating conditions. Not only the impact of waste on degradation products but also impacts of the variations in the mixing ratio were investigated. The thermogravimetric weight loss curves and their derivatives of virgin and waste PP showed differences due to the impurities which are dirt and food residues. The liquid yield distribution concerning the aliphatic, mono-aromatic and poly-aromatic compounds varies as the ratio of PP waste increases in the waste plastic mixtures. In addition to this, the alkene/alkane ratio of gas products shows variations depending on the mixing ratio of wastes.     

北京市居民衣服消费处置及对其回收利用认识调查与分析

首先对北京市居民每年购买新衣服的数量、支出、穿着时间、淘汰原因,以及闲置衣服的处理方式、数量等进行了调查与分析,然后对北京市居民对旧衣物回收利用的认识、回收形式及其处理方式,对旧衣物如何处理回收、再利用的担忧,对希望旧衣物回收箱摆放的场所等进行了调查与分析。其研究结果对废旧纺织品回收体系建设、制度及政策制定具有一定的参考价值。     

Photo-oxidation and Photo-toxicity of Crude and Refined Oils

The fate and effects of an oil spill are effected by solar radiation through the action of photo-oxidation and photo-toxicity. Photo-oxidation, an important process in the weathering of oil, produces a variety of oxidized compounds, including aliphatic and aromatic ketones, aldehydes, carboxylic acids, fatty acids, esters, epoxides, sulfoxides, sulfones, phenols, anhydrides, quinones and aliphatic and aromatic alcohols. Some of these compounds contribute to the marine biota toxicity observed after an oil spill. Photo-toxicity occurs when uptake of certain petroleum compounds, e.g. certain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and benzothiophenes, is followed by solar exposure which results in much greater toxicity than after dark uptake. The mechanism of PAH photo-toxicity includes absorbance of solar radiation by the PAH which produces a free radical and this free radical in turn reacts with oxygen to produce reactive oxygen species that can damage DNA and other cellular macromolecules. While most studies on photo-toxicity have been carried out in the laboratory, there are studies showing that water from an oil spill is photo-toxic to bivalve embryos for at least a few days after the spill. Other studies have found that oil contaminated sediments are photo-toxic to several marine invertebrates. More studies are required to determine if marine fauna at an oil spill site are effected by the action of photo-toxicity and photo-oxidation.     

Novel and innovative pyrolysis and gasification technologies for energy efficient and environmentally sound MSW disposal

Within the context of European Union (EU) energy policy and sustainibility in waste management, recent EU regulations demand energy efficient and environmentally sound disposal methods of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW). Currently, landfill with its many drawbacks is the preferred option in the EU and many other industrialised countries. Within the waste management hierarchy thermal disposal especially incineration is a viable and proven alternative. But, the dominating method, mass-burn grate incineration has drawbacks as well particularly hazardous emissions and harmful process residues. In recent years, pyrolysis and gasification technologies have emerged to address these issues and improve the energy output. To keep the many players in the field comprehensively informed and up-to-date, novel and innovative technology approaches emphasising European developments are reviewed.     

高校环境管理和废弃物处理处置

高校是社会的一个特殊群体,承载着人才培养、科学研究、社会服务和文化传承创新等重任.解决好广大师生在日常工作、学习和生活中所产生的各类废弃物的处理处置问题,以及大学校园的环境规划和环境管理问题,是办好现代大学的重要工作.就高校面临的环境问题、高校环境管理的特殊性和高校废弃物处理处置中应该注意的问题等进行探讨.     

Laboratory Experiments and Estimation of Cumulative Infiltration and Sorptivity

Soil water cumulative infiltration affects the environment by controlling the irrigation rate and consequently the water and pollutants movement through the ground. In order to study the cumulative infiltration in a sandy soil sample, experiments were performed in the laboratory. The sample was placed uniformly in a transparent column with an inner diameter of 6 cm. A constant head boundary condition of a 2 mm height was applied on the surface of the sample and the cumulative volume of the incoming water was measured. Soil moisture at four locations of the column was measured, by using the TDR method in order to obtain the moisture profiles. By comparing the values of the infiltrated water volumes with those calculated by the integration of the moisture profiles, a good agreement was found out. Also the Parlange theoretical model fitted very well with the infiltration experimental points.     

硫磺回收装置扩能改造及效果分析

介绍了回收酸性气体生产硫磺的工艺原理与工艺流程,论述了影响硫磺回收装置生产能力的诸多因素与扩能改造的情况。扩能改造后,该装置的酸性气体处理量平均为976m^3／h,瞬时处理量可达1200m^3／h,硫磺的生产能力从4450t／a提高到7500t／a,生产能力提高了68．5％,装置总硫回收率达到93．5％。