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生活垃圾焚烧厂不同于一般的企业,其具有自身的特殊性,建设垃圾焚烧厂造成的第二次环境污染问题已经成为大家所关注的重点内容,所以说生活垃圾焚烧厂对于环境影响的评论分析是非常重要的,这项工作需要引起人们足够的重视.在本文当中,就是将生活垃圾焚烧厂在环境评价当中的地址选择、环境的空气污染、噪音污染等等公众关心程度较高的问题进行了简单的分析和讨论. 相似文献
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能源效率是欧盟垃圾焚烧厂建设和运营的关键评价指标之一,欧盟垃圾焚烧行业在能源效率评价体系、配套政策及相应技术方面较为完善。欧盟《废弃物框架指令》(2008/98/EC)提出了固废处理金字塔的概念并规定了各方法的优先级,此外规定了能效评价指标R1计算公式及最低值用以评估欧盟垃圾焚烧厂是否达到固废处理金字塔中的再生利用等级。数据显示:大部分欧盟垃圾焚烧厂具备较完善的供热系统及热电联产的条件,整体能效利用水平较高,超85%的生活垃圾焚烧达到再生利用等级。采用欧盟垃圾焚烧能效评价指标R1方法对我国生活垃圾焚烧发电厂能效情况进行计算,结果表明:随着高参数机组和炉排大型化等技术的应用,我国能源利用效率显著提高;但我国垃圾焚烧以纯发电为主,能源利用效率较欧盟整体偏低,因此可借鉴欧盟经验,合理采用热电联产等相关技术进一步提高能源利用效率,并逐步完善垃圾焚烧能源效率评价体系。 相似文献
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我国城市生活垃圾焚烧厂建设模式的探讨 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
本文论述了焚烧处理在我国城市生活垃圾处置方式中的重要地位。回顾了国外垃圾焚烧的历史与现状,详细介绍了我国现阶段已经建设运行的垃圾焚烧厂的几种炉型模式,针对不同的建设规模对新建焚烧厂的选用模式进行了探讨和分析。 相似文献
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以焚烧方式处置城市生活垃圾具有占地面积小、焚烧产物稳定、消灭病原菌和回收热能等优点,因此在国际上得到广泛应用,然而我国在推动城市生活垃圾焚烧实施的过程中存在很多问题。本文以北京市为例分析了目前我国在城市生活垃圾焚烧所面临的主要问题,并结合实际情况,提出了推进城市生活垃圾焚烧技术应用的政策建议。 相似文献
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《环境科学》2020,(9)
采用模糊综合评价法与层次分析法(AHP)相结合,建立以环境、经济和技术为一级指标的3层综合评价指标体系,对初步筛选出的双布袋活性炭吸附技术、硫及硫化合物抑制技术和硫及硫化合物抑制技术+活性炭固定床反应器技术等10项垃圾焚烧烟气中二■英控制技术或技术组合进行了综合评估.结果表明,硫及硫化合物抑制技术+活性炭固定床反应器技术组合综合得分最高(0.483 1),为目前垃圾焚烧烟气中二■英最佳控制技术.鉴于目前我国部分农村生活垃圾焚烧炉烟气中二■英排放不达标的情况,建议分布于农村的小型垃圾焚烧炉优先考虑采用此技术组合.我国各地区的垃圾焚烧企业可根据本地的经济发展水平、企业规模、炉型和工艺等实际情况,采用本文建立的指标评价体系和评估方法进行控制技术评估,筛选出适合本企业的最佳二■英控制技术,以有效控制我国垃圾焚烧二■英排放. 相似文献
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小型废电池填埋焚烧处置的健康风险分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
对废电池采取填埋、焚烧处置所引起的健康风险进行了分析,采用3种模型,分别研究了废电池随城市固体废物一起完全填埋处置,一起完全焚烧处置,一起部分填埋处置和部分焚烧处理时,可能引起的健康风险,由分析可知,镉镍电池焚烧过程将引起不可接受的致癌风险,填埋废电池也会引起重金属非致癌风险,提出在现阶段没有单独收集分类管理的条件下,对于小型废电池应采取填埋焚烧联合处置的办法,但应避免镉镍电池的焚烧,在建立了收集体系后,应该分类进行资源化和无害化管理。 相似文献
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IntroductionMSWincludesvariouswastesgeneratedfrom people’sdailylifeandindustrialprocess.Withtheimprovementofpeople’slife ,theincreasingamountofMSWisbecomingaproblembafflingeverygovernment(Sino UN ,1999) .Withouteffectivehandling ,MSWmayseriouslythreatenpeopl… 相似文献
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焚烧处理已经成为我国许多城市的主要垃圾处理方式之一。垃圾中PVC塑料和餐厨垃圾等含氯组分在焚烧过程释放出氯化氢气体。介绍了垃圾焚烧过程氯化氢气体产生机理,分析了氯化氢气体对有机氯代污染物生成及重金属气化的影响以及氯化氢气体对焚烧设备造成的严重危害,综合论述了国内外氯化氢气体脱除技术研究进展。最后指出高温烟气中HCl控制技术在我国具有很好的应用前景。 相似文献
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Approach of technical decision-making by element flow analysis and
Monte-Carlo simulation of municipal solid waste stream 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper deals with the procedure and methodology which can be used to select the optimal treatment and disposal technology of municipal solid waste (MSW), and to provide practical and effective technical support to policy-making, on the basis of study on solid waste management status and development trend in China and abroad. Focusing on various treatment and disposal technologies and processes of MSW, this study established a Monte-Carlo mathematical model of cost minimization for MSW handling subjected to environmental constraints. A new method of element stream (such as C, H, O, N, S) analysis in combination with economic stream analysis of MSW was developed. By following the streams of different treatment processes consisting of various techniques from generation, separation, transfer, transport, treatment, recycling and disposal of the wastes, the element constitution as well as its economic distribution in terms of possibility functions was identified. Every technique step was evaluated economically. The Mont-Carlo method was then conducted for model calibration. Sensitivity analysis was also carried out to identify the most sensitive factors. Model calibration indicated that landfill with power generation of landfill gas was economically the optimal technology at the present stage under the condition of more than 58% of C, H, O, N, S going to landfill. Whether or not to generate electricity was the most sensitive factor. If landfilling cost increases, MSW separation treatment was recommended by screening first followed with incinerating partially and composting partially with residue landfilling. The possibility of incineration model selection as the optimal technology was affected by the city scale. For big cities and metropolitans with large MSW generation, possibility for constructing large-scale incineration facilities increases, whereas, for middle and small cities, the effectiveness of incinerating waste decreases. 相似文献
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With the lack of space for new landfills, municipal solid waste (MSW) incineration is playing an increasingly important role
in municipal solid waste management in China. The literatures on certain aspects of incineration plants in China are reviewed
in this paper, including the development and status of the application of MSW incineration technologies, the treatment of
leachate from stored MSW, air pollution control technologies, and the status of the fly-ash control method. Energy policy
and its promotion of MSW-to-energy conversion are also elucidated. 相似文献