共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 31 毫秒
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为了解国内某啤酒企业平筛工艺过程除尘系统新鲜谷物粉尘爆炸特性,采用1.2 L哈特曼管式粉尘爆炸试验装置进行试验,以研究其粉尘粒径、质量浓度、含水率因素对谷物粉尘爆炸压力(P)及爆炸压力上升速率(dP/dt)的影响。结果表明,该谷物粉尘爆炸下限(LEL)质量浓度为125~166.67 g/m3,质量浓度为291.67g/m3时存在最大爆炸压力Pmax和最大爆炸压力上升速率(dP/dt)max,分别为1.81 MPa和10 MPa/s;dP/dt与P变化具有相似性。谷物粉尘粒径由98~105 μm增加至180~1 250 μm,其LEL质量浓度由50~58.33 g/m3增加至141.67~150 g/m3,且P由0.90 MPa降低至0.72 MPa;含水率由6.39%降低至0(绝对干燥)时,P由1.3 MPa增加至2.1 MPa。 相似文献
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采用MIE-D1.2型最小点火能测试装置及20 L球型粉尘爆炸测试装置,对苯乙烯丙烯酸共聚物/碳黑混合体系粉尘的爆炸特性进行研究。结果表明,过74μm、58μm、47μm孔径筛的粉尘对静电火花敏感,其最小点火能表征值分别为610 mJ、361 mJ、201 mJ。随粉尘质量浓度增加,最小点火能呈现先减小后增加的规律。随粉尘粒径减小,最小点火能与粉尘质量浓度变化关系曲线向低粉尘质量浓度和低点火能量方向偏移,且对应的最敏感爆炸质量浓度从500 g/m~3降至200 g/m~3。随粉尘质量浓度增加,过147μm、74μm、47μm孔径筛的苯乙烯丙烯酸共聚物/碳黑混合体系粉尘爆炸压力及爆炸压力上升速率呈现先增加后减小趋势。在相同粉尘质量浓度下,中位径小于74μm的苯乙烯丙烯酸共聚物/碳黑混合体系粉尘,粉尘的爆炸压力增幅明显减小。苯乙烯丙烯酸共聚物/碳黑混合体系粉尘爆炸下限质量浓度为25 g/m~3,最大爆炸指数为14.636 MPa·m/s,爆炸危险等级划分为St1。 相似文献
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密闭空间中甘薯粉爆炸特性的试验研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
利用20 L球形爆炸测试装置探寻甘薯粉尘在密闭空间内的爆炸特性.测得甘薯粉的爆炸下限质量浓度,研究质量浓度,粒度和点火能量对爆炸猛烈度(最大爆炸压力和最大压力上升速率)以及燃烧特续时间的影响.结果表明:粒径较小时,甘薯粉爆科较猛烈,燃烧持续时间较短;随着质量浓度的增加,燃烧持续时间减少,最大压力上升速率逐渐增大并趋于稳定,而最大爆压呈现先增后减,并且存在一个最佳浓度范围,使粉尘爆炸最猛烈;最大爆压和上升速率随点火能量的增强而增大,较强的点火能量能显著改善低质量浓度粉尘的“爆炸不良”效应.将甘薯粉的爆炸下限质量浓度爆炸猛烈度与锌粉、镁粉和烟煤粉进行对比,发现甘薯粉的爆炸风险远高于烟煤粉和锌粉. 相似文献
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为了解硫磺粉尘爆炸特性,利用20 L球形爆炸装置开展正交试验和单因素试验,研究粉尘质量浓度、点火能量和粉尘粒径3个因素对硫磺粉尘最大爆炸压力(pmax)和最大爆炸压力上升速率((dp/dt)max)的影响机制。利用SPSS软件对试验数据进行极差分析,并构建回归模型。结果表明:其他条件一定时,pmax和(dp/dt)max均与粉尘质量浓度、点火能量成正相关关系,与粉尘粒径成负相关关系;3个因素的影响程度依次为:粉尘质量浓度>点火能量>粉尘粒径。硫磺颗粒燃烧过程生成的硫磺液滴能造成20 L球罐内的硫磺燃烧不充分,并削弱粉尘粒径对pmax和(dp/dt)max的影响;较高的点火能量可以削弱硫磺液滴的这种不利影响。 相似文献
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关于粉尘云爆炸下限浓度的讨论 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
运用Siwek20升球形粉尘爆炸装置,通过对几种工业粉尘测试研究,发现粉尘最低爆炸下限浓度与燃烧持续时间有关。对于不同的粉尘,从压力一时间曲线中得出的最大持续时间与利用IEC标准测定的爆炸下限浓度相接近。依据实验结果,提出了一种新的判据。 相似文献
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为提高粉尘爆炸下限浓度(MEC)测试的可靠性,提出基于燃烧持续时间法的测试方法。在理论分析粉尘火焰传播速度与粉尘浓度关系的基础上,利用20 L爆炸球开展试验,研究燃烧持续时间在不同点火能量、粉尘粒径、粉尘浓度条件下的基本变化特征,并对比以燃烧持续时间与爆炸压力为判据获得的MEC的试验结果,验证以燃烧持续时间法测试MEC的可行性。结果表明:燃烧持续时间本质上表征爆炸动力学特征,其低浓度下的最大值对应的浓度即粉尘MEC;利用燃烧持续时间法判断得到的可燃粉尘MEC与现行压力基准测试方法的结果具有较好的一致性,且该方法稳定性更好、试验结果更准确。 相似文献
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为了研究镁铝合金粉爆炸危险特性,利用20L球形爆炸容器进行测试,结果表明:180目 (80 μm)、 120目(125 μm) 和60目(250 μm)3种粒径下的金属粉尘爆炸下限浓度分别为45 g/m3,55 g/m3和95 g/m3。相同浓度下最大爆炸压力随粒径增大的而减小。以碳化硅和石墨为代表的研究中,60目,120目和180目的镁铝合金粉以10%的浓度梯度加入碳化硅浓度分别至50%,70%和80%,石墨浓度至30%,50%和60%时,镁铝合金粉不会发生爆炸。表明碳化硅及石墨等惰性粉尘都能对粉尘爆炸有抑制作用,其中石墨对镁铝合金粉的抑爆作用明显优于碳化硅。 相似文献
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Niansheng KuaiJianming Li Zhi ChenWeixing Huang Jingjie YuanWenqing Xu 《Journal of Loss Prevention in the Process Industries》2011,24(4):302-313
An experimental investigation was carried out on magnesium dust explosions. Tests of explosion severity, flammability limit and solid inerting were conducted thanks to the Siwek 20 L vessel and influences of dust concentration, particle size, ignition energy, initial pressure and added inertant were taken into account. That magnesium dust is more of an explosion hazard than coal dust is confirmed and quantified by contrastive investigation. The Chinese procedure GB/T 16425 is overly conservative for LEL determination while EN 14034-3 yields realistic LEL data. It is also suggested that 2000-5000 J is the most appropriate ignition energy to use in the LEL determination of magnesium dusts, using the 20 L vessel. It is essential to point out that the overdriving phenomenon usually occurs for carbonaceous and less volatile metal materials is not notable for magnesium dusts. Trends of faster burning velocity and more efficient and adiabatic flame propagation are associated with fuel-rich dust clouds, smaller particles and hyperbaric conditions. Moreover, Inerting effectiveness of CaCO3 appears to be higher than KCl values on thermodynamics, whereas KCl represents higher effectiveness upon kinetics. Finer inertant shows better inerting effectiveness. 相似文献
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Combustible dust explosions continue to present a significant threat toward industries processing, storing, or pneumatically conveying metal dust hazards. Through recent years, investigations have observed the influence of particle size, polydispersity, and chemical composition on dust explosion sensitivity and severity. However, studies characterizing the effect of particle shape (or morphology) on metal dust explosibility are limited and merit further consideration. In this work, high-purity aluminum dust samples of three unique particle morphologies were examined (spherical granular, irregular granular, and dry flake). To maintain consistency in results obtained, all samples were procured with similar particle size distribution and polydispersity, as verified by laser diffraction particle size analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) experiments were executed to confirm supplier claims on morphology and to quantify the effective surface area associated with each sample, respectively. Investigations performed in a Kühner MIKE3 minimum ignition energy apparatus and a Siwek 20 L sphere combustion chamber resulted in the direct characterization of explosion sensitivity and severity, respectively, as a function of suspended fuel concentration and variable particle morphology. Recommendations to standard risk/hazard analysis procedures and to existing design guidance for the mitigation of deflagrations that originate from ignition of distinctively processed metal dust fuels have been provided. 相似文献
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In order to study the influences of coal dust components on the explosibility of hybrid mixture of methane and coal dust, four kinds of coal dust with different components were selected in this study. Using the standard 20 L sphere, the maximum explosion pressure, explosion index and lower explosion limits of methane/coal dust mixtures were measured. The results show that the addition of methane to different kinds of coal dust can all clearly increase their maximum explosion pressure and explosion index and decrease their minimum explosion concentration. However, the increase in the maximum explosion pressure and explosion index is more significant for coal dust with lower volatile content, while the decrease in the minimum explosion concentration is more significant for coal dust with higher volatile content. It is concluded that the influence of methane on the explosion severity is more pronounced for coal dust with lower volatile content, but on ignition sensitivity it is more pronounced for coal dust with higher volatile content. Bartknecht model for predicting the lower explosion limits of methane/coal dust mixture has better applicability than Le Chatelier model and Jiang model. Especially, it is more suitable for hybrid mixtures of methane and high volatile coal dust. 相似文献
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运用本质安全原理预防煤粉爆炸 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
旨在将本质安全原理与粉尘爆炸(以煤粉爆炸为例)的风险控制联系起来.利用20 L球形爆炸装置的标准测试方法测试煤粉及煤粉-CaCO3混合物的爆炸下限、最大爆炸压力、压力上升速度等爆炸特性.基于本质安全基本原理和试验结果,讨论预防煤粉爆炸的各种基本方法,并重点阐述本质安全原理与粉尘爆炸影响因素、不同的预防方法、过程设备的选择等之间的关系,对已制定的爆炸风险控制措施进行完善和补充. 相似文献
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甲烷-煤尘复合体系中煤尘爆炸下限的实验研究 总被引:9,自引:0,他引:9
在3.2 L的燃烧管道中,采用小能量的高压点火装置,通过改变甲烷体积分数、煤尘种类与粒径,研究了甲烷-煤尘复合体系中煤尘爆炸下限的变化规律.研究结果表明,在本文实验条件下,甲烷-煤尘混合物中甲烷体积分数的增加能明显降低煤尘的爆炸下限.对于煤尘粒径小于42 μm煤样A,当甲烷体积分数从1.8%增加到2.2%时,煤尘的爆炸下限相应从30 g/m3下降到6.25 g/m3.煤尘的爆炸下限也随着煤尘中挥发分含量的增加而降低.煤尘粒径对其爆炸下限的影响较弱.实验结果与文献中高能量化学药头点火的测试结果进行比较表明,甲烷对煤尘爆炸下限的影响趋势并不随着点火源能量的改变而改变. 相似文献
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为了解橡胶粉尘的爆炸危险性,采用20 L球爆炸测试装置对常温常压下、粒径75μm以下的橡胶粉尘在质量浓度50~700 g/m3范围内的爆炸特性进行试验研究,测定其最大爆炸压力及爆炸指数随质量浓度的变化规律,进而对其爆炸危险性程度进行分级。结果表明:橡胶粉尘质量浓度为300 g/m3时,爆炸压力达到最大值0.49MPa;在橡胶粉尘质量浓度为250 g/m3时,爆炸指数达到最大值5.04MPa·m/s,根据ISO 6184粉尘爆炸烈度等级分级标准,其粉尘爆炸危险性分级为St-1级。 相似文献
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为研究高原低压环境下固液混合燃料的燃爆特性及反应机制,利用20 L爆炸球测试系统,以铝粉-乙醚和铝粉-乙醚-硝基甲烷2种固液混合燃料为研究对象,开展环境初始压力对爆炸峰值压力、爆炸质量浓度下限及爆炸产物的影响趋势研究。研究表明:2种固液混合燃料的最佳爆炸质量浓度、爆炸压力和爆炸危险性随环境压力的降低而降低;与零海拔相比,在模拟海拔 4 500 m 处(57.4 kPa),450 g/m3固液混合燃料的爆炸压力降低了26.84% ~ 30.80%,爆炸质量浓度下限提高了5 ~ 10 g/m3;随着环境压力降低,爆炸气体产物一氧化碳(CO)体积分数增加,二氧化碳(CO2)、一氧化氮(NO)和二氧化氮(NO2)体积分数降低;爆炸固体残余物主要为α-氧化铝(α-Al2O3)和铝(Al)。 相似文献