共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 125 毫秒
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阳离子交换树脂生产中废酸的回收利用及树脂质量控制 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用 酸套洗工艺代替传统的加水稀释洗涤工艺,成功地解决了阳离子交换树脂生产中废酸的回收利用问题,研究了采用新洗涤工艺后树脂变红的机理和防止对策,结果表明,树脂发红帅微生物的参与而引起的。采以完善洗涤 灭菌措施可防止树脂 ,从而确保了稀酸套洗工艺的顺利实施。 相似文献
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淮北焦化厂采取设备改造、工艺改革、综合利用、治理污染等措施,改变老厂面貌并促进生产发展,取得了明显的环境效益和经济效益。 相似文献
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三氧化硫磺化工艺用于DSD酸生产 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
用三氧化硫磺化工艺替代发烟硫酸磺化工艺是可行的。在DSD生产中,采用干燥空气稀释三充气相磺对化硝基甲苯具有反应易控制,副反应少,产品质量好,对设备防腐要求低,投资省等优点,彻底解决了老工艺的废酸问题。 相似文献
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《矿山资源开发利用与环境保护》2002,(2):5-8
我司水泥厂从1981年开始利用本司合成氨厂的废渣作原料,通过近二十年的不断探索,我司水泥厂生产不仅消化利用了本司合成氨厂的废渣,而且还消化利用了邻近县市的工业废渣,工业废渣占原料的比例现已稳定在35%以上,已利用的废渣有:合成氨造气渣、锅炉渣、干煤灰、湿煤灰,以及外厂的煤渣,硫酸渣,锅炉渣和碎砖,氟化渣和瓷坯。特别是1999年上半年,通过改进工艺,利用合成氨干煤灰和湿煤灰作水泥燃料,独创了水泥生产不需燃料煤的无煤生产新工艺。 相似文献
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环己酮焦油的综合利用 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过分析环己酮焦油的组成,提出了以它的原料采用催化氧化法生产己二酸的工艺路线,确定工艺条件。产品己二酸的收率可达到65%-72%,残渣可用作锅炉燃料。 相似文献
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Konstantinos Kordatos Afroditi Ntziouni Lazaros Iliadis Vassilia Kasselouri-Rigopoulou 《Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management》2013,15(4):571-580
The present study deals with the production and characterization of ZSM-5 zeolite under low temperature using amorphous rice husk ash as an alternative cheap silica source. Rice husk was combusted at various temperatures for the production of amorphous silica. The resulted amorphous silica ash was then utilized without any other treatment as a starting material for the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite using low temperature and under atmospheric pressure. For comparison, the high-temperature synthetic approach, the hydrothermal treatment under high temperature and autogenous pressure with the autoclave process, was also applied for the synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite. The low-temperature method led successfully to the synthesis of highly siliceous zeolite of type ZSM-5. The produced materials were characterized using a variety of analytical techniques, including X-ray diffraction, Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry–differential thermogravimetry analyses, scanning electron microscopy, electron dispersion X-ray analysis and nitrogen porosimetry. The results show that the utilization of an industrial by-product in abundance as a starting material can lead through a simple inexpensive technique to the synthesis of a high value added microporous material with many potential applications. 相似文献
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有机固体废物生物法制氢的研究进展 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了利用有机固体废物生物法制氢的原理和研究现状。城市有机固体废物、农业有机废物、工业有机废物是生物法制氢的主要原料。暗发酵制氢是利用有机废物厌氧消化的产酸阶段而产氢,pH、温度、水力停留时间、氢气分压、原料性质、微量元素含量、产甲烷微生物抑制剂等均影响氢气产率。光发酵制氢是利用光合厌氧细菌将挥发性有机酸转化为氢气和二氧化碳。暗发酵和光发酵制氢时,生物固定化有利于高速连续产氢。在有机废物处理和生物法制氢方面,暗发酵一光发酵、暗发酵一微生物燃料电池的组合工艺是具有前景的技术。今后的研究方向是原料的预处理技术、选育高效产氢菌株、发明高效反应器、优化处理工艺和处理条件等。 相似文献
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The Biochemical Methane Potential (BMP) test is increasingly recognised as a tool for selecting and pricing biomass material for production of biogas. However, the results for the same substrate often differ between laboratories and much work to standardise such tests is still needed. In the current study, the effects from four environmental factors (i.e. ambient temperature and pressure, water vapour content and initial gas composition of the reactor headspace) on the degradation kinetics and the determined methane potential were evaluated with a 24 full factorial design. Four substrates, with different biodegradation profiles, were investigated and the ambient temperature was found to be the most significant contributor to errors in the methane potential. Concerning the kinetics of the process, the environmental factors’ impact on the calculated rate constants was negligible. The impact of the environmental factors on the kinetic parameters and methane potential from performing a BMP test at different geographical locations around the world was simulated by adjusting the data according to the ambient temperature and pressure of some chosen model sites. The largest effect on the methane potential was registered from tests performed at high altitudes due to a low ambient pressure. The results from this study illustrate the importance of considering the environmental factors’ influence on volumetric gas measurement in BMP tests. This is essential to achieve trustworthy and standardised results that can be used by researchers and end users from all over the world. 相似文献
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Annesini Maria Cristina Frattari Sara Gironi Fausto Piemonte Vincenzo Sabia Rocchina Villani Claudio 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(12):4396-4404
Degradation of post-consumer PLA to lactic acid was analysed in order to assess the economic feasibility of the PLA chemical recycling process. Hydrolysis of PLA, in batch reactor, was analysed in the temperature range of 443–473 K, under autogenous pressure and a constant PLA to water ratio (equal to approximately 0.11 by weight), without the use of a catalyst. The experimental results suggest that the complete degradation of PLA can be obtained using relatively low reaction-times with the production of a mixture containing the monomer and traces of the dimer of lactic acid. The overall process was modelled using a two-step process: bulk degradation of PLA (in the solid or molten phase) with the solubilisation of low molecular weight oligomers, and their subsequent hydrolysis in water (stabilization). The model describes the trend of oligomer concentrations in the aqueous phase and PLA conversion as a function of time with both high accuracy and agreement with experimental results. 相似文献
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采用芳香聚酰胺膜(NF-1#)、复合膜(NF-2#)和聚酰胺复合膜(NF-3#)深度处理棉针织品印染废水,考察了膜分离性能及膜污染情况的影响因素。实验结果表明,在操作压力为0.5MPa、废水温度为25~35℃、废水pH为7的条件下,NF-1#膜处理效果最佳,COD去除率最高,为76.0%~85.0%;脱盐率也最高,达90.0%。膜过滤后浓水送污水厂处理,产水回用于车间生产。操作压力增高、废水温度升高和废水pH增大均导致滤饼层阻力(Rc)和膜过滤过程中的总阻力(Rt)增加,Rc是Rt的主要组成部分,同时也是导致膜透过通量下降的主要因素。 相似文献
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Life cycle assessment of biogas upgrading technologies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Starr K Gabarrell X Villalba G Talens L Lombardi L 《Waste management (New York, N.Y.)》2012,32(5):991-999
This article evaluates the life cycle assessment (LCA) of three biogas upgrading technologies. An in-depth study and evaluation was conducted on high pressure water scrubbing (HPWS), as well as alkaline with regeneration (AwR) and bottom ash upgrading (BABIU), which additionally offer carbon storage. AwR and BABIU are two novel technologies that utilize waste from municipal solid waste incinerators - namely bottom ash (BA) and air pollution control residues (APC) - and are able to store CO(2) from biogas through accelerated carbonation processes. These are compared to high pressure water scrubbing (HPWS) which is a widely used technology in Europe. The AwR uses an alkaline solution to remove the CO(2) and then the solution - rich in carbonate and bicarbonate ions - is regenerated through carbonation of APC. The BABIU process directly exposes the gas to the BA to remove and immediately store the CO(2), again by carbonation. It was determined that the AwR process had an 84% higher impact in all LCA categories largely due to the energy intensive production of the alkaline reactants. The BABIU process had the lowest impact in most categories even when compared to five other CO(2) capture technologies on the market. AwR and BABIU have a particularly low impact in the global warming potential category as a result of the immediate storage of the CO(2). For AwR, it was determined that using NaOH instead of KOH improves its environmental performance by 34%. For the BABIU process the use of renewable energies would improve its impact since accounts for 55% of the impact. 相似文献
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采用高温处理法对模拟氯化钠盐渣(简称盐渣)进行处理,研究了加热过程中气体有机物产生量随加热时间的变化规律以及加热温度对气体有机物产生量的影响,并分析了盐渣的高温处理效果。实验结果表明:含苯盐渣、含异丁醇盐渣、含氯苯盐渣、含二甲苯盐渣和混合盐渣在高于盐渣中所含有机物沸点30 ℃的条件下加热120 min,盐渣中的有机物去除率均大于99.99%;混合盐渣的加热温度越高,气体有机物的产生速率越快,相同时间内有机物的去除率也越大;盐渣中有机物的气化分离可分为3个阶段,初始阶段有机物气化速率较小,中间阶段气体有机物产生量迅速增加,最后阶段大部分有机物从盐渣中气化分离;盐渣中的有机物在高温气化时,会发生一定的化学反应,有微量的新物质生成。 相似文献