电极生物法强化A/O工艺反硝化及动力学研究

在模拟A/O工艺A池工况的条件下,研究了外加电压对反硝化的影响,分析了不同外加电压下TN、NO₃^--N及NO₂^--N浓度随时间的变化.结果表明,适当的外加电压可以大幅度提高反硝化速率,同时抑制NO₂^--N的积累,过高的外加电压会对反硝化产生抑制.本实验条件下,最佳外加电压为3.0V,此时TN和NO₃^--N降解速率分别提高了74%和20%.用单一底物Monod方程完成了TN降解的动力学分析并用matlab软件对方程进行了求解,模拟值与实验值吻合良好.分析外加电压与模型中参数的关系,得到TN降解动力学方程,模型计算值与实验值误差小于3mg/L.     

卸荷岩体本构关系研究

对地质材料模型、石膏模型、砂浆模型进行了模型试验,通过对模型试验得出的数据进行分析、拟合,得出卸荷岩体的增量本构。并在有限元分析程序ADIDA中接入该本构关系,对清江隔河岩电站厂房高边坡三维模型进行有限元分析,通过与加载模型的计算进行比较分析,说明了该本构的合理性。     

热轧AZ31B镁合金板材超塑成形性能研究

研究了工业态热轧AZ31B镁合金板材的基本成形性能,其室温塑性较差且存在各向异性,而在应变温度为400～490℃,应变速率为1×10-4～1×10-3s-1的实验条件下均表现出良好的超塑性,其最大断裂延伸率达到216%,应变速率敏感指数达0.36。因此,对不具有典型等轴细晶的工业态热轧AZ31B镁合金板材,无需经过复杂的预先热处理,同样可以得到良好的超塑性,更具有经济实用价值。     

环境作用动力学在应力腐蚀断裂中的应用

目的研究材料的应力腐蚀断裂时间。方法应用环境作用动力学理论,求解材料的应力腐蚀断裂时间函数。结果从环境作用动力学理论得到了材料的应力腐蚀断裂时间函数,并对AZ61和AZ80镁合金进行了试验验证。结论环境作用动力学理论可以描述镁合金材料应力腐蚀断裂时间;AZ61镁合金抗应力腐蚀性能优于AZ80镁合金。     

AZ31镁合金的研究现状和发展前景

叙述了AZ31镁合金在组织、性能等方面的特点,介绍了主要合金元素对AZ(Mg Al Zn)系镁合金组织和性能的影响;综述了该合金的研究现状,提出了该合金发展和应用前景。     

AZ63镁合金牺牲阳极的研究进展

镁合金牺牲阳极近年来发展速度很快,应用的领域也越来越广.其中AZ63镁合金牺牲阳极以电流效率高,发生电量大,工作电位稳定,表面溶解均匀等优异的性能得到了越来越广泛的应用.综述了近年来国内外在AZ63镁合金牺牲阳极研究领域的进展.重点介绍了不同合金元素对AZ63镁合金牺牲阳极的性能影响,及AZ63镁合金牺牲阳极在不同介质环境中的电化学性能的研究及应用进展.并探讨了在研究过程中存在的问题,展望了以后的发展方向.     

采用薄膜模型模拟三维板料成形过程

此文基于有限变形理论建立了三维金属板料成形过程的弹塑性有限元数学模型。数学模型采用物质坐标系中的Total Lagrange描述、J_2型本构方程、等向强化假设,考虑了板料的厚向异性,对于金属板料与模具的摩擦采用近似的库仑摩擦定律以改善计算的收敛性。为简化计算采用薄膜单元。采用根据此模型编制的程序模拟了机油收集器基本件的成形过程,并与实验结果进行了对比。     

废气生物过滤系统填料层热迁移数值模拟

参考多孔介质体积平均模型和三参数模型.以多孔介质能量守恒方程为基础,建立了废气生物过滤填料层热迁移的数学模型,采用Galerkin有限元法对模型进行一维数值计算.结果表明,填料层热迁移模型计算结果与实验一致,且两者值也基本相符.填料层热迁移与气流特性.生物代谢产能及介质导热特性相关.介质导热性能增强、气流温度和污染物浓度增加、生物代谢产能增大,填料层的热迁移速率提高;气流流速增大,同一时刻沿轴向各填料层热迁移速率降低.     

在污染大气环境中NaCl对镁合金的协同作用

研究了沉积NaC l的AZ91D镁合金在含有SO2和CO2的模拟污染大气环境中初期腐蚀行为。研究了在SO2和CO2协同作用下,表面沉积NaC l的AZ91D镁合金大气初期腐蚀规律。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)观察表面腐蚀形貌,XRD进行腐蚀产物分析。结果表明,由于NaC l的沉积加速了AZ91D镁合金的初期大气腐蚀,SO2、CO2和NaC l多种因素协同作用对AZ91D镁合金的初期大气腐蚀的影响远大于单一SO2、CO2和NaC l因素。     

四硼酸钠对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀效果研究

选用无机环保型缓蚀剂四硼酸钠,研究了质量浓度不同的四硼酸钠对AZ91D镁合金的缓蚀效果,并采用电子显微镜对空白样品及添加缓蚀剂浸泡样品的腐蚀形貌进行了分析。结果表明,在室温下,四硼酸钠对AZ91D镁合金具有缓蚀效果,四硼酸钠溶液质量浓度为2. 4 g/L时的缓蚀效率可达到66. 46%;浸泡腐蚀与电化学腐蚀结果一致。     

微波消解-ICP-OES联合测AZ61镁合金中Zn、Mn、Al的不确定度分析

目的研究AZ61镁合金中合金元素成分分析过程中的不确定度因素,以提高分析结果的准确性。方法采用微波消解仪消解样品,以电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪(ICP-OES)测定AZ61镁合金中锌、锰、铝元素的含量。分析测试过程中产生不确定度的因素,并且进行评定和计算。结果采用微波消解-ICP-OES法测定镁合金中锌、锰、铝元素的含量时,测量不确定度主要由样品溶液稀释、移液枪、标准曲线以及测试的重复性引起,AZ61镁合金主要的合金成分为锌(1.1270%±0.0433%)、锰(0.1797%±0.0064%);铝(6.4468%±0.2029%)。结论对分析过程中产生的不确定度因素进行分析及评定,可以确保分析结果的可靠性以及准确性,从而更好地控制镁合金的性能,提高镁合金的装备环境适应性。     

A three-dimensional finite element simulation of the warm extrusion of AZ31 alloy billets

Extrusion of magnesium billets is associated with large deformations, high strain rates and high temperatures, which results in computationally challenging problems in process simulation. A series of experiments were done to obtain the simulation parameters: stress–strain curves, friction factors and heat transfer coefficient etc. Three-dimensional, thermo-mechanically coupled finite element simulations of extruding a wrought magnesium alloy AZ31 into a small bar at certain ram speeds were performed. The computed model was rotational symmetric and built up by meshing. Computed parameters including workpiece material characteristics and process conditions (billet temperature, reduction ratio, and ram speed) were taken into consideration. The distributions of temperature were different comparing the transient-state extrusion with steady-state extrusion. The extrusion simulation was the reliable predictions of strain rate, effective strains, effective stresses and metal flow velocity in an AZ31 billet during direct extrusion.     

环氧富锌涂层对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀防护能力研究

目的研究环氧富锌涂层对AZ91D镁合金的腐蚀防护能力。方法采用机械喷涂法在AZ91D镁合金表面制备一种保护性的环氧富锌涂层。采用电化学阻抗谱(EIS)研究环氧富锌涂层在0.5 mol/L的Na2SO4腐蚀溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为及其对镁合金的腐蚀防护能力。结果浸泡初期,环氧富锌涂层的阻抗谱中只出现一个时间常数,暗示着环氧富锌涂层优异的阻挡层作用;浸泡48 h后,环氧富锌涂层阻抗谱中出现两个时间常数,高频和低频时间常数分别对应环氧富锌涂层中高聚合的介电性质和锌粉的活性溶解;浸泡336 h后,环氧富锌涂层仍具有很高的阻抗模值,表明此时环氧富锌涂层对镁合金仍能提供良好的腐蚀防护。结论环氧富锌涂层在0.5 mol/L Na2SO4腐蚀溶液中能对AZ91D镁合金提供很好的腐蚀防护。     

镁合金在模拟污染气体环境中的初期腐蚀规律

研究了在含有SO2和CO2的模拟污染大气环境中AZ91D镁合金大气腐蚀初期行为,讨论了在SO2和CO2协同作用下AZ91D镁合金大气初期腐蚀规律。采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察表面腐蚀形貌,XRD进行腐蚀产物分析。结果表明由于SO2和CO2的溶解导致电解液膜酸性增加,进一步加大了表面的反应活性．加速了大气初期腐蚀。     

Effects of Zn-In-Sn elements on the electric properties of magnesium alloy anode materials

A new magnesium alloy anode is based on an environmentally friendly electrode that contains none of mercury, lead and chromate, but it can enhance the electric properties of alloy significantly. Magnesium alloy adding eco-friendly elements Zn-In-Sn which was developed by orthogonal design were obtained by two casting methods. The effect of additive elements on performance of electrode material was studied. The effects of elements addition and casting method on electric properties and corrosive properties of Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloys were investigated by using electrochemical measurements, corrosive tests and observation of surface structure. The results show that Mg-Zn-In-Sn alloy anode has higher electromotive force and more stable work potential than that commercial magnesium alloy AZ91. It is suitable for anode material of magnesium battery for its small hydrogen evolution, less self-corrosion rate and easy to shed corrosive offspring off.     

Scale-up modeling of the twin roll casting process for AZ31 magnesium alloy

In the present study, a 2-D finite-element method (FEM) thermal-fluid-stress model has been developed and validated for the twin roll casting (TRC) of AZ31 magnesium alloy. The model was then used to quantify how the thermo-mechanical history experienced by the strip during TRC would change as the equipment was scaled up from a laboratory size (roll diameter = 355 mm) to a pilot scale (roll diameter = 600 mm) and to an industrial scale (roll diameter = 1150 mm) machine. The model predictions showed that the thermal history and solidification cooling rate experienced by the strip are not affected significantly by caster scale-up. However, the mechanical history experienced by the strip did change remarkably depending on the roll diameters. Casting with bigger rolls led to the development of higher stress levels at the strip surface. The roll separating force/mm width of strip was also predicted to increase significantly when the TRC was scaled to larger sizes. Using the model predicted results, the effect of both casting speed and roll diameter was integrated into an empirical equation to predict the exit temperature and the roll separating force for AZ31. Using this approach, a TRC process map was generated for AZ31 which included roll diameter and casting speed.     

Investigation on the changes effected by tool profile on mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processed AZ31B magnesium alloy

The present study investigates the effect of tool shoulder profile on the mechanical and tribological properties of friction stir processed AZ31B magnesium alloy. The tool rotational speed and feed rate are the chosen process parameters. The experiments were conducted with 3 level 2 factors full factorial design. The recorded responses were tensile strength, wear losses and corrosion rate. The results were analyzed with the help microstructures of the processed samples. The study reveals that, for concave shoulder tool, the strain hardening effect was playing a major role in determining the properties of the processed materials and for the step shoulder tool, the grain size plays a major role in determining the properties of the processed materials.