水体中卤代芳烃污染状况及降解途径研究进展

介绍了卤代芳烃对水环境所造成的污染和危害，并对水体中该类污染物降解技术研究进展进行了综述。着重介绍了光降解及光催化技术、化学氧化法、氢解还原和辐射降解等技术在该领域的有关研究。     

超声波技术在污水处理中的应用与研究进展

本文对近年来超声波技术在废水处理中的研究进展作了比较全面的综述。介绍了超声降解的原理、特点和影响因素以及目前取得的研究成果和主要结论 ,并对超声降解技术存在的问题和今后的发展趋势进行了讨论     

超声波技术在污水处理中的应用与研究进展

本文对近年来超声波技术在废水处理中的研究进展作了比较全面的综述。介绍了超声降解的原理、特点和影响因素以及目前取得的研究成果和主要结论,并对超声降解技术存在的问题和今后的发展趋势进行了讨论。     

等离子体技术应用于气相污染物治理综述

近年来利用等离子体技术对气态污染物的氧化分解研究受到了广泛的关注.介绍了等离子体概念、分类及产生方法,简述了非平衡等离子体技术对气体污染物的降解原理,较全面地介绍了等离子体技术在脱硫、脱硝以及降解挥发性有机物(VOCs)等方面的研究.最后指出了今后等离子体处理废气的应用研究方向.     

六氯苯微生物降解研究进展

微生物降解已经成为当前六氯苯环境污染治理研究的重点和前沿。介绍了六氯苯的结构、物理化学性质、来源及其危害,分析了其微生物降解的可行性,从降解菌群的来源、降解途径及降解的影响因素等方面,对六氯苯的微生物好氧降解和厌氧降解进行了系统地归纳和总结,同时对今后六氯苯微生物降解的研究方向进行了展望。     

超声波在高浓度氨氮废水处理中的应用

介绍了超声波技术机理，并探讨了该技术在高浓度氨氮废水处理中的应用。考察了pH值、氨氮浓度、空气吹脱和超声辐射时间对氨氮降解率的影响。结果表明，在pH值为11，气液比800：1的条件下，经超声辐射2h，氨氮降解效率可达97．64％，即可达标排放。     

白腐真菌的研究进展

本文综述了白腐真菌对环境污染物的降解能力和机制及其技术特点。介绍了白腐真菌的研究与应用现状，并展望其发展趋势     

真菌在含酚废水处理中的应用

含酚废水是一种典型的难降解有机废水,成分复杂,毒性较强,对环境污染严重.利用真菌处理含酚废水是一种新兴环境生物技术,逐渐成为了国内外环境工作者关注的焦点.概述了真菌降解酚类物质的研究现状和降解的主要机理及途径,介绍了真菌固定化技术在酚类废水治理的进展,并提出了真菌技术治理含酚废水的研究发展方向.     

生物修复中的酶学技术研究与展望

随着对活性污泥工艺和废水除污技术的不断了解，开发不同的策略来研究这些污染物的降解已成为必要，其中酶技术越来越受到人们的关注。作者简单介绍了生物补救技术的研究现状及存在的一些问题，详细介绍了酶在生物除污、生物打浆、生物漂白、生物浸矿过程中的最新发展，并对该领域作了展望。     

超声波与其他技术联用在水污染控制中的研究现状

主要介绍了国内外利用超声波与其他技术的联用方法降解水中污染物的进展 ,显示出超声波在降解有机污染物领域潜在的应用前景。     

Nanomaterials photocatalytic activities for waste water treatment: a review

Water is necessary for the survival of life on Earth. A wide range of pollutants has contaminated water resources in the last few decades. The presence of contaminants incredibly different dyes in waste, potable, and surface water is hazardous to environmental and human health. Different types of dyes are the principal contaminants in water that need sudden attention because of their widespread domestic and industrial use. The toxic effects of these dyes and their ability to resist traditional water treatment procedures have inspired the researcher to develop an eco-friendly method that could effectively and efficiently degrade these toxic contaminants. Here, in this review, we explored the effective and economical methods of metal-based nanomaterials photocatalytic degradation for successfully removing dyes from wastewater. This study provides a tool for protecting the environment and human health. In addition, the insights into the transformation of solar energy for photocatalytic reduction of toxic metal ions and photocatalytic degradation of dyes contaminated wastewater will open a gate for water treatment research. The mechanism of photocatalytic degradation and the parameters that affect the photocatalytic activities of various photocatalysts have also been reported.

     

水中有机物高级氧化过程中的羟基自由基检测方法比较

化学氧化水中有机物过程中的羟基自由基的定量检测是研究高级氧化动力学和过程机理的重要技术手段。本文通过对比整理相关领域羟基自由基的检测技术，分析了目前在医学和化工领域中使用的羟基自由基测量方法的应用特点和适用范围，讨论了其中的便捷式分析方法及其在水处理高级氧化过程研究中的可用性，推荐了可用于多组分水相的Fenton试剂氧化有机物过程中的羟基自由基检测方法。     

水中有机物高级氧化过程中的羟基自由基检测方法比较

化学氧化水中有机物过程中的羟基自由基的定量检测是研究高级氧化动力学和过程机理的重要技术手段.本文通过对比整理相关领域羟基自由基的检测技术,分析了目前在医学和化工领域中使用的羟基自由基测量方法的应用特点和适用范围,讨论了其中的便捷式分析方法及其在水处理高级氧化过程研究中的可用性,推荐了可用于多组分水相的Fenton试剂氧化有机物过程中的羟基自由基检测方法.     

环境介质中手性药物对映体分离分析及环境行为研究进展

综述了国内外环境介质中手性药物的分离分析方法以及环境行为研究进展,对比了几种主要的对映体分离方法,对手性固定相的种类及特性、分离原理、影响因素和发展趋势作了简要介绍,探讨了药物对映体在污水处理工艺和天然水环境中的降解或转化规律等环境行为,介绍了药物对映体特性在污染物源解析中的应用。     

Removal of dichloromethane from ground and wastewater: A review

Dichloromethane (DCM) is a toxic volatile compound which is found in the ground waters and wastewaters of the pharmaceutical, chemical, textile, metal-working and petroleum industries. DCM inhibits the growth of aquatic organisms, induces cancer in animals and is potentially carcinogenic for humans. This article aims to review existing water treatments for DCM removal, focusing on recent technological advances. Air stripping, adsorption and pervaporation were found to be effective in separating DCM from water with a process efficiency of about 99%, 90% and 80% respectively. Electrocatalysis over Cu-impregnated carbon fiber electrode, photo irradiation over TiO₂ and photo-Fenton process led to the complete decomposition of DCM. Aerobic and anaerobic water treatment achieved 99% and 95% removal of DCM respectively. The maximum efficiencies observed for acoustic cavitation, radiolysis and catalytic degradation of CH₂Cl₂ were 90%, 92% and 99% respectively. Ozonation and persulfate oxidation showed lower DCM degradation efficiencies, not exceeding 20%. Further combination of different water treatment methods will further increase DCM degradation efficiency.     

TiO2膜降解水中污染物的稳定性考察与再生方法研究

针对实际水处理中对催化剂性能的要求,以光催化降解苯酚溶液作为探针反应,考察了玻璃纤维网上负载的TiO2膜催化剂长期使用条件下的稳定性,研究了催化剂在自来水中使用失活后的再生方法。结果表明,经过50次使用之后,膜催化剂120 min反应对苯酚的降解率从100%下降至83%,总体上看,所制催化剂还是具有相当好的稳定性;在反应器中用蒸馏水浸泡配合光催化反应对TiO2膜催化剂进行原位再生是一种可行的再生途径。     

TiO2纳米管催化降解4，4’-二溴联苯的影响因素和动力学研究

利用TiO₂纳米管催化降解水中的4,4’-二溴联苯,对催化降解过程和影响因素进行研究。结果表明,TiO₂纳米管对其有较高的催化降解效率且降解过程符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学模式。不同光源、4,4’-二溴联苯的初始浓度、纳米管添加量和pH值对催化降解过程都有较大影响,其中pH值的影响最为明显。反应液在中性状态下的降解率明显低于pH=1或11的情况。在pH=1时,4,4’-二溴联苯的降解率达86%。     

Extraction procedures for the study of phytotoxicity and degradation processes of selected triketones in a water ecosystem

Simple and effective extraction methods based on matrix solid-phase dispersion (MSPD), dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME), and solid-phase extraction (SPE) coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector (HPLC-DAD) were developed to determine triketone herbicides—sulcotrione (SUL), mesotrione (MES), tembotrione (TEMB), and their degradation products—in plant tissues and water samples. The extraction procedures were employed to enable quantification of the accumulation of selected triketone herbicides and their degradation products in a model aquatic plant, Egeria densa. To obtain comprehensive information about the triketones' influence on an aquatic plant, changes in chlorophyll concentration in plants exposed to these triketones were monitored. The average recovery ranged from 58 to 115 % (coefficients of variation 7–12 %) for plant tissues and from 52 to 96 % (coefficients of variation 8–20 %) for water samples. The limit of detection (LOD) for the MSPD–HPLC-DAD procedure was in the range of 0.06–0.23 μg/g, whereas for DLLME–HPLC-DAD and SPE–HPLC-DAD, LOD was in the range of 0.06–0.26 μg/mL. Symptoms of the phytotoxicity of sulcotrione, mesotrione, tembotrione, and their degradation products (decrease of chlorophyll concentration in plant sprouts) were observed for E. densa cultivated in water with herbicide concentrations of 100 μg/L. Moreover, the tembotrione degradation product exhibited a high level of accumulation and low metabolism in plant tissues in comparison to the other triketones and their degradation products.     

Toxicity and biodegradability of sulfonamides and products of their photocatalytic degradation in aqueous solutions

The photocatalytic degradation of sulfacetamide, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole and sulfadiazine in water solutions during their illumination of UV radiation (lambda(max) 366 nm) with TiO2 catalyst was examined. The growth-inhibition effect of sulfonamides and intermediate products theirs photodegradation was investigated in aqueous solution with the green alga Chlorella vulgaris. The biodegradability of the investigated compounds was determined in the illuminated solutions and is expressed as Biochemical Oxygen Demand. It was found that all of the investigated sulfonamides in the initial solutions were resistant to biodegradation and were toxic relative to C. vulgaris. The toxicity (EC50 values) relative to C. vulgaris increased in the following order sulfacetamide, sulfathiazole, sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine. All of the investigated sulfonamides undergo photocatalytic degradation. The toxicity of intermediate products of the sulfonamides degradation was significantly lower than the toxicity of sulfonamides in the initial solutions and was dependent on illumination time and degradation rate. The intermediate products of photocatalysis in contrast to the initial sulfonamides, might be mineralized using biological methods.     

TiO2纳米管催化降解4，4’-二溴联苯的影响因素和动力学研究

利用TiO2纳米管催化降解水中的4,4’-二溴联苯,对催化降解过程和影响因素进行研究。结果表明,TiO2纳米管对其有较高的催化降解效率且降解过程符合Langmuir—Hinshelwood动力学模式。不同光源、4,4’-二溴联苯的初始浓度、纳米管添加量和pH值对催化降解过程都有较大影响,其中pH值的影响最为明显。反应液在中性状态下的降解率明显低于pH=1或11的情况。在pH=1时,4,4’一二溴联苯的降解率达86％。