包容型领导对员工安全绩效的影响:一个有调节的链式中介模型

为探索包容型领导对员工安全绩效的影响机制和边界条件,提高员工安全绩效,引入自我效能感、工作幸福感和正念,构建一个有调节的链式中介模型;采用随机抽样法对辽宁、河北、山东等地600名高危企业员工进行问卷调查与数据分析,通过构建结构方程模型验证假设模型。结果表明：包容型领导、自我效能感、工作幸福感和安全绩效两两之间显著正相关。包容型领导不仅直接影响员工的安全绩效,还可以通过自我效能感的独立中介作用、工作幸福感的独立中介作用以及自我效能感与工作幸福感的链式中介作用3条路径,间接影响员工安全绩效;正念正向调节工作幸福感与员工安全绩效之间的关系,并可进一步调节自我效能感和工作幸福感在包容型领导与员工安全绩效之间的链式中介作用。     

工作场所欺凌对安全绩效的影响——一个被调节的链式中介模型

为探究工作场所欺凌对矿工安全绩效的作用机制和边界条件，通过理论分析和文献研究提出假设模型。采用工作场所欺凌量表、工作不安全感量表、工作投入量表、心理韧性量表和安全绩效量表，随机抽取450名矿工进行调查，通过SPSS和AMOS分析验证假设模型。结果表明：工作场所欺凌对矿工安全绩效具有显著的负向影响；工作不安全感和工作投入在工作场所欺凌与矿工安全绩效间不仅分别起单独中介作用，并共同发挥了链式中介作用；最后，心理韧性在工作场所欺凌与工作不安全感之间起负向调节作用。减少工作场所欺凌的发生，缓解乃至消除工作不安全感，提高矿工工作投入，增强个体的心理韧性能够有效提高安全绩效水平，减少安全事故。     

工作不安全感、工作生活质量与安全行为

基于工作不安全感的视角,分析员工不安全行为的影响因素。围绕这一中心问题,设计了包含工作不安全感、工作生活质量和安全行为的调查问卷,并向大型施工企业(集团)发放。利用回收问卷的数据,采用中介效应法对工作不安全感、工作生活质量和不安全行为之间的相关关系进行了实证分析。问卷结果显示:员工的工作不安全感越高,对工作生活质量的感知越低,对个体安全行为的影响作用也就越大。该结论丰富了员工安全行为的研究视角,为施工企业安全生产管理实践提供了参考。     

破坏性领导对安全绩效影响的条件过程分析

为探索破坏性领导对安全绩效的作用机制与边界作用条件,提高员工安全绩效水平,以辽宁省8家制造业企业基层员工为调查对象,引入情绪耗竭为中介变量、自我效能感为调节变量,采用条件过程分析方法,对315份有效问卷进行实证研究。结果表明:破坏性领导与自我效能感、安全绩效呈显著负相关关系;情绪耗竭与自我效能感、安全绩效呈显著负相关关系。破坏性领导对安全绩效有直接负向影响,并可以通过情绪耗竭间接影响安全绩效。自我效能感负向调节破坏性领导与情绪耗竭之间的关系,并可进一步调节情绪耗竭在破坏性领导与安全绩效之间的中介作用。改善领导风格、控制情绪耗竭的发生、增强员工自我效能感,可有效提高安全绩效水平,减少安全生产事故的发生。     

基于心理资本的机场安检员工作不安全感对工作绩效的影响

为研究机场安检员不安全感对工作绩效的影响,基于心理资本调节作用提出工作不安全感对工作绩效(任务绩效、周边绩效、适应绩效)影响研究假设,以机场安检员为研究样本进行纵向实证研究,运用多元层次回归分析法探究工作不安全感与3种工作绩效的作用路径及心理资本的调节效应。结果表明:工作不安全感与任务绩效、周边绩效、适应绩效3种工作绩效指标间存在纵向U形曲线关系,并且这种U形关系只存在于心理资本较低的机场安检员;心理资本在工作不安全感与工作绩效之间起调节作用;可开发的心理资本能够削弱机场安检员工作不安全感与工作绩效间的纵向曲线效应。研究结论可为改善机场安检员工作绩效管理模式、提升民航业安检运行水平提供参考。     

工作价值观、调节焦点与安全绩效的关系研究——基于煤矿企业新生代员工的实证分析

为了从价值观和调节焦点的双重视角给煤矿企业新生代员工的安全管理提供科学依据,在文献研究和问卷调查的基础上,对 244 个有效样本进行分析,揭示煤矿企业新生代员工工作价值观的具体内容,结合动机理论和调节焦点理论,构建煤矿企业新生代员工工作价值观、调节焦点和安全绩效的结构方程模型。研究结果表明:煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观包含发展导向、自我导向、关系认同、独立自主、利益导向和创造导向6个因子结构;煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观、调节焦点和安全绩效两两之间均显著相关;煤矿企业新生代员工的工作价值观不仅可以直接预测安全绩效,还可以通过调节焦点的中介作用间接影响煤矿员工的安全绩效。     

工作-家庭冲突与建筑工人不安全行为:一个被调节的链式中介模型

为探究工作-家庭冲突对建筑工人不安全行为的作用机制,减少建筑业安全生产事故,以东北三省20家建筑施工企业工人为调查对象,基于结构方程模型进行了实证研究.结果表明:1)工作-家庭冲突、负性情绪、不安全行为呈现两两正相关关系,安全氛围与工作-家庭冲突、负性情绪、不安全行为均呈负相关关系;2)工作-家庭冲突对不安全行为有直接正向影响,并可通过3条路径间接影响不安全行为;3)组织支持感在工作-家庭冲突与负性情绪之间起负向调节作用.减少工作-家庭冲突的发生、缓解乃至消除负性情绪、提高员工间的安全氛围、加强个体的组织支持感能够有效降低建筑工人不安全行为发生的几率,减少安全事故.     

工作不安全感对矿工安全绩效的影响:基于代际差异视角

为提升煤矿安全管理水平,改善矿工安全绩效,基于理论分析与代际差异视角,建立工作不安全感、组织承诺、安全绩效与代际差异的关系假设模型;通过问卷调查收集476名一线矿工的有效数据,利用结构方程模型(SEM)分析直接效应,并检验组织承诺的中介作用以及代际差异的调节效应。结果表明:工作丧失不安全感、工作执行不安全感与人际关系不安全感显著负向作用于安全绩效与组织承诺;组织承诺显著正向作用于安全绩效,并在工作不安全感与安全绩效关联中起完全中介作用;代际差异效应显著,相比老一代矿工,新生代矿工的组织承诺受工作执行不安全感负向影响更为显著,但安全绩效受工作丧失不安全感与人际关系不安全感的负向影响更为微弱。     

工作压力对制造企业一线员工安全绩效的影响机制

近年来对安全绩效的探索由企业生产环境转向员工内部心理,其中工作压力对安全绩效的影响备受关注,但关于其内在机制的实证研究非常少,为此引入自我损耗和道德推脱为中介变量、自我监控人格为调节变量探索工作压力对员工安全绩效的影响机制.以制造企业从事一线生产管理工作的522名员工作为研究对象,运用SEM方法实证检验了工作压力对员工安全绩效的影响机制及边界条件.结果表明:挑战型工作压力和阻碍型工作压力均对员工安全绩效具有显著的负向影响;自我损耗、道德推脱均在工作压力与员工安全绩效之间起着部分中介的作用;自我损耗效应和道德推脱效应均受到自我监控人格的负向调节作用.企业管理者应该尽可能给员工提供安全管理工作所需的精神和物质层面的资源支持,从而降低自我损耗和道德推脱效应.     

施工企业内社会资本、情绪智力与安全绩效关系研究

依据资本观、能力观等相关理论,构建了以情绪智力为中介变量的施工企业内社会资本与安全绩效关系的理论模型,并以156家施工企业为调查对象而获取的数据进行多元回归分析。研究结果表明:员工情绪智力在施工企业内社会资本的结构维度、关系维度与安全绩效之间起到完全中介作用,在认知维度与安全绩效之间起到部分中介作用。因此,施工企业应该重视企业内社会资本的积累,同时加强员工情绪智力的提升,提高安全绩效。     

煤矿安全从业人员工作满意感与应激水平、自我效能感的关系

运用问卷法,以43名国有煤矿安全从业人员为研究对象,探讨了在煤矿这一特定环境下的工作人员其工作满意感、应激水平和自我效能感的关系。结果发现应激水平能负向预测工作满意感,自我效能感不仅能正向预测工作满意感,还能调节应激水平对工作满意感的影响,较高的自我效能感能使应激水平对工作满意感的负效应转为正效应。根据笔者研究结果,提出了减少工作应激刺激、提供培训提高员工自我效能感、制定合理的人员安置和促进员工发展的人事制度,以增强员工的工作满意感的建议。     

安全价值观契合对矿工安全行为的影响:一个链式中介模型

为探索个人-组织安全价值观契合对矿工安全行为的影响机制,通过理论分析和文献研究提出研究假设模型;编制测量问卷,采用方便抽样法对640名矿工进行问卷调查;通过结构方程建模分析验证假设模型.结果 表明:个人-组织安全价值观契合、安全自我效能感、工作投入和安全行为两两之间显著正相关;个人-组织安全价值观契合不仅直接影响矿工的...     

Stress,coping and safety compliance in a multinational gold mining company

The primary objective of this study was to investigate the relationship of work stress, consisting of role stressors and job insecurity, with safety compliance at work. A secondary objective was to test for the possible moderating effect of individual employees’ coping behaviour between experienced work stress and job insecurity, and their safety compliance. A cross-sectional survey design was used (n?=?771). An electronic survey, with a biographical questionnaire and scales on role conflict, role ambiguity, role overload, job insecurity, coping and safety compliance at work, was administered. The results indicated that specific aspects of work stress, notably role conflict, role ambiguity and quantitative job insecurity, and of coping, namely an avoidance style and changing the situation, were important in understanding safety compliance. A moderating effect of avoidance coping was also found.     

Intra‐individual variability in job complexity over time: Examining the effect of job complexity trajectory on employee job strain

Drawing on gestalt characteristics theory, we advance the literature on the effect of job complexity on employee well‐being by considering intra‐individual variability of job complexity over time. Specifically, we examine how the trend, or trajectory, of job complexity over time can explain unique variance of employee job strain. Across two longitudinal data sets, we consistently find that, with the average level of job complexity during a given period held constant, a positive job complexity trajectory (i.e., an increasing trend in complexity) is associated with higher employee job strain. Based on job‐demand‐control theory and the exposure‐reactivity model, we further establish that job autonomy and employee emotional stability jointly moderate the relationship between job complexity trajectory and employee job strain. Specifically, for employees with high emotional stability, job autonomy mitigates the job strain brought by positive job complexity trajectory, whereas for employees with low emotional stability, job autonomy does not help to reduce the adverse effect of the increasing trend. These findings not only contribute to extend the understanding of the job complexity – strain relationship, but also suggest a promising, dynamic avenue to study the effects of work characteristics on employee well‐being as well as other outcomes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Management commitment to safety as organizational support: relationships with non-safety outcomes in wood manufacturing employees

INTRODUCTION: Employee perceptions of management commitment to safety are known to influence important safety-related outcomes. However, little work has been conducted to explore non-safety-related outcomes resulting from a commitment to safety. METHOD: Employee-level outcomes critical to the effective functioning of an organization, including attitudes such as job satisfaction and commitment to the organization, were included on surveys given to 641 hourly production employees at three wood products manufacturing facilities. Participants' were asked about perceptions of management commitment to safety and job-related variables such as perceived dangerousness of their position, organizational commitment, and withdrawal behaviors. Supervisors also rated the performance of each of their hourly subordinates. RESULTS: Results suggest that employee outcomes differ based on perceptions of management's commitment to safety. Specifically, management commitment to safety was positively related to job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and job-related performance. We also found a negative relationship between commitment to safety and employee withdrawal behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that increasing employee perceptions of management's personal concern for employee well-being through a dedication to safety will result in positive outcomes beyond improved safety performance. These results also imply that there is a type of social exchange between employees and management that may affect employees similarly to perceived organizational support. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: Results further reinforce the value of a commitment to safety by a firm's management. Organizations with a strong commitment to safety may enjoy not only a reduction in safety-related events but also increases in desirable employee attitudes and behaviors.     

Leader–member exchange: Moderating the health and safety outcomes of job insecurity

IntroductionJob insecurity has been repeatedly linked with poor employee health and safety outcomes. Although research on high quality leader–member exchange (LMX) has demonstrated many beneficial effects, no research to date has examined the extent to which positive LMX might attenuate those adverse health and safety-related consequences of job insecurity. The current study extends research in this area by specifically examining the buffering impact of LMX on the relationship between job insecurity and safety knowledge, reported accidents, and physical health conditions. Furthermore, the study also examines whether positive LMX mitigates the typically seen negative impact of job insecurity on supervisor satisfaction.MethodsThe hypotheses were tested using survey data collected from 212 employees of a mine located in southwestern United States.ResultsAs predicted, job insecurity was related to lower levels of supervisor satisfaction, more health ailments, and more workplace accidents, and was marginally related to lower levels of safety knowledge. Results indicated that LMX significantly attenuated these observed relationships.ConclusionsThe quality of the dyadic relationship between supervisor and subordinate has a significant impact on the extent to which job insecurity is associated with adverse health and safety outcomes.Practical applicationsPractical implications for supervisor behavior and developing high quality LMX are discussed in light of today's pervasive job insecurity.     

Does job insecurity threaten who you are? Introducing a social identity perspective to explain well‐being and performance consequences of job insecurity

This paper introduces a social identity perspective to job insecurity research. Worrying about becoming jobless, we argue, is detrimental because it implies an anticipated membership of a negatively evaluated group—the group of unemployed people. Job insecurity hence threatens a person's social identity as an employed person. This in turn will affect well‐being and job performance. A three‐wave survey study amongst 377 British employees supports this perspective. Persons who felt higher levels of job insecurity were more likely to report a weaker social identity as an employed person. This effect was found to be stable over time and also held against a test of reverse causality. Furthermore, social identity as an employed person influenced well‐being and in‐role job performance and mediated the effect of job insecurity on these two variables over time. Different to the expectations, social identity as an employed person and organisational proactivity were not connected. The findings deliver interesting evidence for the role of social identity as an employed person in the relationships between job insecurity and its consequences. Theoretically, this perspective illustrates the individual and group‐related nature of job insecurity and offers a novel way of connecting work situations with individual well‐being, behaviour and attitudes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Workers’ Perceptions of Workplace Safety and Job Satisfaction

A lot of attention has beenfocused on workers ‘ perceptions of workplace safety but relatively little or no research has been done on the impact of job satisfaction on safety climate. This study investigated this relationship. It also examined the relationships between job satisfaction and workers’ compliance with safety management policies and accident frequency. A positive association was found between job satisfaction and safety climate. Workers who expressed more satisfaction at their posts had positive perceptions of safety climate. Correspondingly, they were more committed to safety management policies and consequently registered a lower rate of accident involvement. The results were thus consistent with the notion that workers ‘ positive perceptions of organisational climate influence their perceptions of safety at the workplace. The findings, which have implications in the work environment, are discussed.