创新技工教育培养合格人才

高技教育从思想观念、办学内容、管理体制、教学方法和手段等各个方面进行创新，以迎接知识经济的挑战，培养出符合知识经济时代需求的创新型人才，保持其自身的活力并得以生存和发展．     

知识经济与大学教-学关系的发展

正在兴起的知识经济使社会生产及社会生活各方面发生着前所未有的深刻变革，也使高等教育面临着一系列新矛盾新问题和新挑战．传统的大学教-学关系必将发生一系列新变化，呈现出新的发展．为适应时代发展的新要求，教育观念的更新势在必然．     

知识经济时代的企业经营与管理

21世纪经济正向着知识经济时代迈进.知识经济不仅对人类的生产方式和生活方式产生着深远影响,而且对企业的经营方式和管理模式也将产生深远的影响.我国企业在知识经济时代下,如何转变和调整经营与管理方式己成为新世纪的重大课题.     

知识型员工的特点、激励及管理对策研究

知识经济时代，企业最宝贵的财富是知识型员工。知识型员工是生产力的代表。知识型员工的工作效率决定了企业的竞争能力．因此。如何激励知识型员工成为企业探讨的一个重要问题．本文从知识型员工的特点入手。按有关知识管理专家提出的激励因素，从四个方面阐述了对知识型员工的激励策略。并提出了对知识型员工的管理对策．     

我国菌根研究进展及展望

在总结分析1998～2002年期间发表的菌根学文献的基础上，对我国近年来菌根学取得的主要研究成果进行了评述，分析了当前我国菌根学研究的优势与不足之处，阐明了当前我国菌根学研究的主要方向和取得的成果，在此基础上，结合国际上菌根学研究的热点与趋势，提出我国菌根学下一步发展的目标和思路．图1表1参57     

耕地生态系统的持续化与作物生产率

主要以土地利用型作物为对象，从栽培学的角度，就耕地生态系统的持结化与作物生产率问题进行了阐述。     

论知识经济与成人教育

本文阐述了知识经济的内涵与特点,提出了知识经济对人才的要求及对成人教育的影响和对策.     

城市环境污染的植物监测

依据国内外已有的资料，探讨了利用指示植物器官、或个体的形态变化，生态适应特征，组织化学成分与生理生化过程改变，以及种群与群落学特征等对城市大气、水体、土壤污染物的反应来监测环境污染的方法和实施途径，并对使用指示植物监测环境污染的优点和存在的问题进行了分析。     

控制思想在《自动控制原理》教学中的实践

本文将闭环控制原理运用于自动控制理论的教学实践，阐述了怎样保证“教”和“学”的各环节协调作用．并对自动控制理论课程的教学改革后的教学思想、教学方式、教学手段进行了探索和实践，并取得了良好的效果．     

论档案信息资源的开发与利用

档案是一种记录，是以文字、图表和声像等多种形式表现的、能被人们研究利用的一种经济资源；随着知识经济时代的到来，档案信息作为知识的结晶和信息源，越来越被人们和社会高度重视与利用．在档案信息资源开发与利用过程中，应正确面对现行档案管理中存在的问题，进一步提高对档案工作重要性的认识，通过改善档案管理条件与提高档案管理人员的素质等手段，做好档案信息资源服务于经济建设工作．     

A framework for evaluating and designing citizen science programs for natural resources monitoring

We present a framework of resource characteristics critical to the design and assessment of citizen science programs that monitor natural resources. To develop the framework we reviewed 52 citizen science programs that monitored a wide range of resources and provided insights into what resource characteristics are most conducive to developing citizen science programs and how resource characteristics may constrain the use or growth of these programs. We focused on 4 types of resource characteristics: biophysical and geographical, management and monitoring, public awareness and knowledge, and social and cultural characteristics. We applied the framework to 2 programs, the Tucson (U.S.A.) Bird Count and the Maui (U.S.A.) Great Whale Count. We found that resource characteristics such as accessibility, diverse institutional involvement in resource management, and social or cultural importance of the resource affected program endurance and success. However, the relative influence of each characteristic was in turn affected by goals of the citizen science programs. Although the goals of public engagement and education sometimes complimented the goal of collecting reliable data, in many cases trade‐offs must be made between these 2 goals. Program goals and priorities ultimately dictate the design of citizen science programs, but for a program to endure and successfully meet its goals, program managers must consider the diverse ways that the nature of the resource being monitored influences public participation in monitoring.     

Using knowledge mapping to rethink the gap between science and action

Scholars have long stressed the need to bridge the gap between science and action and seek the most efficient use of knowledge for decision making. Many contributors have attempted to consider and understand the sociopolitical forces involved in knowledge generation and exchange. We argue, however, that a model is still needed to adequately conceptualize and frame the knowledge networks in which these processes are embedded. We devised a model for knowledge mapping as a prerequisite for knowledge management in the context of conservation. Using great ape conservation to frame our approach, we propose that knowledge mapping should be based on 2 key principles. First, each conservation network results from the conglomeration of subnetworks of expertise producing and using knowledge. Second, beyond the research-management gradient, other dimensions, such as the scale of operation, geographic location, and organizational characteristics, must also be considered. Assessing both knowledge production and trajectory across different dimensions of the network opens new space for investigating and reducing the gap between science and action.     

Use of Traditional Ecological Knowledge in Marine Conservation

Abstract:  Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) represents multiple bodies of knowledge accumulated through many generations of close interactions between people and the natural world. TEK and its application via customary ecological management plans can be useful in modern conservation programs. I disaggregate the term TEK into its constituent parts and show several ways in which TEK can strengthen research designs by increasing locality-specific knowledge, including environmental linkages occurring in those localities. Examples of the uses of TEK in conservation include folk taxonomy in systematics in Micronesia, species knowledge for conservation in Kiribati, and fishers' knowledge of ecological interactions for reserve design in Belize. When conservationists recognize the utility of TEK, they can engage in an equitable exchange of knowledge and foster shared responsibility with indigenous people. These types of exchanges can also provide an opportunity for indigenous people to develop a scientific infrastructure.     

POLLUTION THREATS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN SEA: AN OVERVIEW

This overview summarises the present knowledge on major sources of pollution, which are of concern for the Mediterranean Sea. Eutrophication, red tides, organic loads, hydrocarbon spills, heavy metal contamination and their biological effects are described on the light of the ecological characteristics of the Mediterranean. In particular special attention is paid to the "new pollution" processes; i.e. , the introduction of novel substances with biological activity that might have synergetic effects with "classical pollutants". Different compartments and marine ecosystems are considered and compared. The degree of anthropogenic impact and its apparent trends are discussed. Possible monitoring plans and remedial actions for a sustainable management of coastal zones subjected to increasing pollution are also suggested.     

Pollution threats in the Mediterranean Sea: An overview

This overview summarises the present knowledge on major sources of pollution, which are of concern for the Mediterranean Sea. Eutrophication, red tides, organic loads, hydrocarbon spills, heavy metal contamination and their biological effects are described on the light of the ecological characteristics of the Mediterranean. In particular special attention is paid to the "new pollution" processes; i.e. , the introduction of novel substances with biological activity that might have synergetic effects with "classical pollutants". Different compartments and marine ecosystems are considered and compared. The degree of anthropogenic impact and its apparent trends are discussed. Possible monitoring plans and remedial actions for a sustainable management of coastal zones subjected to increasing pollution are also suggested.     

拟柱孢藻毒素生态毒性的研究进展和展望

随着全球变暖的加剧,拉氏拟柱胞藻(Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii)表现出从热带和亚热带地区向温带地区迁移和扩张的趋势。拟柱孢藻过度繁殖引发的主要生态环境问题是其有毒次级代谢产物——拟柱孢藻毒素(cylindrospermopsin,CYN)的大量产生。这种蓝藻毒素水溶性很高,可长时间停留在水体中,对动植物和人类健康造成威胁。近年来,国际上对CYN的研究越来越多,研究范围也日趋广泛,而国内的相关研究却很少。本文根据现有的研究结果,介绍了CYN的分子结构和理化特性;总结了CYN可能对水生生物、土壤作物和人类健康造成的影响和危害,并对相应的致毒机理进行了归纳总结;最后对未来的研究内容和方向进行了展望。     

拟柱孢藻毒素生态毒性的研究进展和展望

随着全球变暖的加剧,拉氏拟柱胞藻（Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii）表现出从热带和亚热带地区向温带地区迁移和扩张的趋势。拟柱孢藻过度繁殖引发的主要生态环境问题是其有毒次级代谢产物—拟柱孢藻毒素（Cylindrospermopsin,CYN）的大量产生。这种蓝藻毒素水溶性很高,可长时间停留在水体中,对动植物和人类健康造成威胁。近年来,国际上对CYN的研究越来越多,研究范围也日趋广泛,而国内的相关研究却很少。本文根据现有的研究结果,介绍了CYN的分子结构和理化特性;总结了CYN可能对水生生物、土壤作物和人类健康造成的影响和危害,并对相应的致毒机理进行了归纳总结;最后对未来的研究内容和方向进行了展望。     

Esteros del Ibera: hydrometeorological and hydrological characterization

The objective of this work is to analyze at a regional scale the hydrometeorological and hydrological characteristics of the Esteros del Ibera, a vast freshwater wetland located in NE Argentina. Since water is the main driving force in the inland wetlands and variations in water level impose conditions on the behavior of vegetation and animal populations, the knowledge of the main hydrometeorological variables that affect the hydrology is essential. Data correlation analysis makes it possible to evaluate the observed changes in the wetland and to infer its response to regional climatic change. As a first approach, the construction of a topo-bathymetric map provides a basic tool for developing a digital elevation model (DEM) using a geographic information system (GIS) and models that are based on a spatial scale.     

Cultural Erosion and Biodiversity: Canoe-Making Knowledge in Pohnpei, Micronesia

Abstract:  Erosion of traditional knowledge and practice is a serious and accelerating problem, but quantitative work on traditional knowledge loss and its importance to biodiversity conservation is lacking. We investigated traditional knowledge of canoe making, a skill heavily dependent on plant biodiversity, on Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia, through a survey of 180 island residents. Our results showed that there has been an intergenerational erosion of canoe-making skills. Given current trends, the present generation of Pohnpeians may be the last to retain any knowledge of this traditional craft. We also identified several correlates of knowledge loss—including Western educational level and occupation—that highlight potential avenues for skill conservation via governments, traditional leadership, and schools. These institutions could intervene to emphasize traditional knowledge, which would reinforce institutional contexts in which traditional knowledge and practice is valued. The heightened awareness of the value of biodiversity that is linked to traditional knowledge is key to biological conservation on Pohnpei and can help support local conservation programs.