河北省能源消费与经济增长关系的实证分析——基于京津冀协同发展视角

立足于京津冀协同发展的战略背景,运用协整分析与状态空间模型对1980—2012年河北省能源消费与经济增长关系进行实证分析。结果表明,河北省经济增长与能源消费存在长期的均衡关系,当能源消费总量短期波动偏离长期均衡时,将以-0.1034的调整力度将非均衡状态拉回到均衡状态,两者之间具有双向的Granger因果关系,经济增长与能源消费相互依赖,断然采取保守型的能源政策可能会对河北省经济发展产生负面影响;能源消费弹性系数处于较高水平,能源消费弹性系数的变化受经济结构影响较大。在京津冀协同发展的背景下,河北省应从承接产业转移促进产业结构优化升级与能源结构优化升级两方面着力,在制定经济增长与能源政策时,必须在协同发展的框架下考虑两者间的相互依赖。     

广东省能源消费与经济增长动态关系研究——基于环境库兹涅茨曲线假说

基于库兹涅茨曲线模型,对广东1980-2010年经济增长与能源消费的动态关系进行了实证研究.结果表明,在整个研究期间,广东省人均能源消费与人均经济增长协整关系呈单调正相关,1999年的结构断点使两者的协整关系发生变化,断点分隔的两个时间段内均符合倒“U”型模型,但曲线拐点后移.广东省现处于倒“U”型曲线的左端,EKC理论拐点为23253元（1978年不变价）.广东省应采取积极有效的节能减排政策,引导促进倒“U”型曲线弧度降低,让拐点提前到来.     

亚太地区能源供需展望

亚太地区能源供需展望赵世清（四川省国土勘测规划研究所）经济增长率与能源消耗量并非成正比关系，但能源是经济活动的必要条件。二十世纪８０年代，日本、中国、新加坡、韩国，以及台湾和香港地区的经济增长较快，而能源需求量也急剧增长。该阶段，石油的需求量与经济增...     

中国低碳经济转型的双驱动模式

低碳经济转型是一国经济增长和碳排放增长逐渐脱钩的过程。从脱钩弹性系数和单位GDP排放量的变化来看,20世纪70年代以来．中国在低碳经济转型的道路上取得了明显进展。不容忽视的是,这一转型主要受能源效率提高的驱动．而能源碳强度上升则在一定程度上阻碍着转型的进程。因此,由能源效率单驱动转向能源效率与能源碳强度的双驱动模式．是中国加快低碳经济转型步伐的必然选择。     

中国低碳经济转型的双驱动模式

低碳经济转型是一国经济增长和碳排放增长逐渐脱钩的过程。从脱钩弹性系数和单位GDP排放量的变化来看,20世纪70年代以来,中国在低碳经济转型的道路上取得了明显进展。不容忽视的是,这一转型主要受能源效率提高的驱动,而能源碳强度上升则在一定程度上阻碍着转型的进程。因此,由能源效率单驱动转向能源效率与能源碳强度的双驱动模式,是中国加快低碳经济转型步伐的必然选择。     

2001-2009年湖北能源消费的时空格局及其影响因素

2001 -2009年湖北能源消费总量规模、人均能源消费量、能源消费结构和能源消费效率均发生了很大变化,能源消费总量和人均能源消费不断增加,能源消费结构趋于优化,能源消费效率显著提高,能源消费规模和年均增长率具有明显的空间差异.此外,各地区人均能源消费均有所增长,能源消费效率显著提高,但增长或提高的水平具有明显的地区差异.全省人均能源消费和能源消费效率的空间格局虽发生了较大变化,但人均能源消费和能源消费效率的空间差异显著,鄂西北、鄂西南和鄂东北地区人均能源消费量明显低于鄂中广大地区,鄂西南地区和武汉城市圈内大多数城市能源消费效率明显高于全省其他地区;经济增长、产业结构、城市化水平、居民消费结构和人口增长等因素的变化和地区差异是影响全省能源消费总量、消费结构和消费效率变化以及能源消费地区差异的主要因素.     

青海省能源与经济增长关系的协整性分析

随着经济的快速增长与发展,能源与经济增长之间的矛盾日渐突出。为了进一步了解能源与经济增长之间的关系,利用青海省1988—2008年能源消费与经济增长相关数据,采用协整性分析,Granger因果关系检验,运用eviews5.0软件进行计量分析,得到青海省能源与经济发展存在长期的双向因果关系。结果表明,政府应制定合理的能源与环境政策,以实现能源、经济、生态的"三效合一",从而为地区经济可持续发展奠定基础。     

基于VAR模型的经济发展与碳排放的动态响应研究——以云南省为例

将能源消费构成中的煤、石油和天然气消费量折算成碳排放量,采用VAR模型与脉冲响应函数方法对碳排放与经济增长之间的动态响应关系进行计量研究,定量分析经济增长与资源环境压力的关系。研究表明,经济增长与碳排放之间存在紧密的关系。一方面,经济增长短期内会导致碳排放与资源消耗增加,但长期来看经济增长对碳排放降低能起到一定的促进作用;另一方面,碳排放的增加在短期内会促进GDP的增加,但长期来看碳排放的增加会制约经济的增长,且最后对经济增长的作用趋弱。     

长江经济带能源消费碳排放与经济增长实证分析——基于弹性脱钩模型

基于我国1995—2015年长江经济带能源消费数据测算碳排放总量,借助弹性脱钩模型分析碳排放与经济增长的脱钩状态,利用等维灰色递补GM(1,1)模型进行预测。结果表明:①1995—2015年长江经济带碳排放量逐年增长,约70%的碳排放来自于工业部门;原煤和电力碳排放量占总量1/2左右;江浙、湖南与四川分别成为东、中、西部地区的碳排放中心;②长江经济带碳排放与经济增长脱钩先后经历:较理想的弱脱钩状态恶化为增长连结甚至扩张的负脱钩状态,逐渐改善为增长连结或弱脱钩状态,再进一步改善为弱脱钩或强脱钩状态;③2016—2026年长江经济带能源消费、碳排放及GDP均持续增长,导致能源消费与经济增长、碳排放与经济增长均呈现出弱脱钩状态,而排放与能源消费呈现出增长连结状态,该状态与理想的强脱钩状态尚有一定的距离。     

辽宁省能源消费碳足迹变化及其人文因素影响研究

在计算2001—2013年辽宁省能源消费碳足迹的基础上,应用STIRPAT模型进行回归函数拟合分析,探讨了主要人文因素对碳足迹变化的影响,并通过脱钩指数进一步分析了经济增长与碳足迹之间的动态变化关系。结果表明:辽宁省能源消费碳足迹呈现波动上升的趋势;在各能源消费类型的碳足迹构成中,煤所占比重最大,石油次之,天然气所起的作用甚微;人口数量和经济发展水平是碳足迹的主要影响人文因素;经济增长与碳足迹之间处于脱钩—复钩的波动状态。     

Energy justice and ethical consumption: comparison,synthesis and lesson drawing

This paper takes a first step in comparing and synthesising the emerging concept of energy justice with extant ethical consumption literatures as two complementary theoretical approaches to ethics and consumption. To date, theories of ethical consumption and energy justice remain somewhat disconnected, so while they have some areas of potential comparability, these have not yet been fleshed out or developed. To address this lacuna, this paper explores areas where research into ethical consumption might be useful for furthering concepts of energy justice. More specifically the discussion draws on the philosophical foundations, the relationship between consumption and development, and the role of transparency and visibility in reconnecting consumption and production practices as the main areas of overlap in these literatures. The conclusion points to some lessons for emerging energy justice literatures that can be drawn from this task of comparison and synthesis.     

1980--2009年中国经济增长对化石能源消耗的依赖关系

随着中国经济的发展,我国高化石能源消耗问题也越来越突出。计算了1980--2009年中国人均化石能源足迹,并将其与人均GDP联系起来进行研究,发现在这30年中我国人均化石能源消耗和人均GDP都呈现逐步增长趋势,在用E—G两步法进行协整检验的过程中发现两者存在长期稳定的均衡关系;采用格兰杰因果检验进行进一步的验证分析发现,我国人均化石能源足迹和人均GDP之间互为因果关系,进一步说明我国经济发展对能源消耗尤其是化石能源消耗具有依赖性,且经济发展会进一步刺激化石能源使用的增加。因此,采取节能降耗措施应从调整产业结构和能源消费结构入手,在降低能耗期间我国会出现经济增长放缓的现象。     

工业能源消费对环境质量影响的灰色关联分析——以湘潭市为例

能源消费引起了严重的环境污染,降低了环境质量,影响了经济发展.将灰色关联分析引入到湘潭市的能源消费和环境质量关系研究中,利用统计数据进行定量分析,探索现有能源消费结构和其环境影响的内在灰色关联,确定各种能源消费对湘潭市环境质量的不同影响程度,为调整能源消费结构、最小化环境压力、改善环境质量提供科学依据.     

基于LMDI的我国能源消费因素分解研究

经济飞速发展使我国能源消费急剧增长,能源消费与能源供给、环境污染矛盾日益突出。在分析我国能源消费和能源消费强度变化趋势的基础上,运用LMDI法将我国1996--2010年能源消费变化分解为产出效应、结构效应和强度效应,探讨产出提高、结构调整、效率提高对我国能源消费和能源强度的影响。结果显示,生产规模扩大对能源消费起到正向的拉动作用,结构调整对缓解能源消费增长还有较大的上升空间,能源强度对能源消费的抑制效应自“十一五”期间起作用逐步显现。     

Another outlook into energy-growth nexus in Mexico for sustainable development: Accounting for the combined impact of urbanization and trade openness

This study corroborates the importance of United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG-7), intended to ensure access to affordable, reliable, sustainable energy for all, and SDG-8, designed to promote decent work and sustainable economic growth. This article is motivated by the highlighted SDGs and empirically explores the long-run and causality relationship between energy consumption, urbanization, trade openness, and economic growth for annual frequency data from 1965 to 2021 for the case of Mexico. To this end, we leverage the use of fully modified ordinary least squares, dynamic ordinary least squares, and canonical regression estimation methods, while for the direction of causality, the gradual shift and wavelet coherence methods are used. According to the Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL), the bounds test traces a long-run relationship between the outlined variables over the sampled period. Empirical evidence validates the energy-induced growth hypothesis. This result resonates with the causality analysis, where energy consumption drives economic growth one way in Mexico. This suggests that Mexico cannot embark on energy-conservative policies, as such actions will hurt economic progress. In addition, unidirectional causality is seen between urbanization, trade openness, and economic growth. These findings have far-reaching implications for economic growth and macroeconomic indicators in Mexico. More insights are highlighted in the concluding section.     

Indicators for sustainable energy development in Thailand

This article examines energy priorities for Thailand from the economic, social and environmental perspectives of sustainable development. The article uses a set of indicators devised by the International Atomic Energy Agency in partnership with other international agencies and research institutes in seven countries. Thailand's energy efficiency in the 1980s and 1990s are analysed using energy intensity indicators, and possible impacts on sustainable energy development are highlighted. The early 1990s in particular was an important period for Thailand, as the country was at the height of its economic growth, and a number of energy efficiency and conservation programmes were launched. Energy intensity indicators show continuing and faster growth in energy consumption relative to economic activity. The financial crisis in the late 1990s did halt growth in energy consumption, with positive consequences on environmental emissions, but only temporarily as Thailand's economy quickly started to recover in 2000. Notwithstanding the financial crisis, the other indicators show significant progress in economic and social dimensions.     

Public attitudes on environment,energy and the economy — Implications for policy

Summary During the last ten years environmental quality and energy have emerged as important national issues right along with the economy. The central proposition appears to be that environmental concerns are inversely related to concern about energy and the economy. The common assumptions about public perception of the trade-offs between environmental quality, economic growth, and energy production are shown to be invalid. In any event it is unlikely that public policy makers will find themselves strongly pulled by a highly polarized public.David J. Rosen is an assistant professor in the Department of Human Ecology, Cook College of Environmental and Agricultural Sciences, Rutgers University (U.S.A.) where he teaches in the interdisciplinary International Environmental Studies and Human Ecology curricula. While formally trained as a political scientist (Ph D, Rutgers University, 1975) for the past six years his research on energy and environmental matters has become increasingly interdisciplinary. The subjects of his work have ranged from the international energy system to the provision of solar energy incentives by state government. He has also served as a consultant to government and private organizations on a number of energy and environmental projects.     

Assessing Major Ecosystem Types and the Challenge of Sustainability in Turkey

In recent years, Turkey has experienced rapid economic and population growth coupled with both an equally rapid increase in energy consumption and a vast disparity in welfare between socioeconomic groups and regions. In turn, these pressures have accelerated the destruction of productive, assimilative, and regenerative capacities of the ecosystems, which are essential for the well-being of the people and the economy. This paper describes the structure and function of major ecosystem types in Turkey and discusses the underlying causes of environmental degradation in the framework of economy, energy, environment, and ethics. From a national perspective, this paper suggests three sustainability-based policies necessary for Turkey's long-term interests that balance economic, environmental, and energy goals: (1) decoupling economic growth from energy consumption growth through the development of energy-efficient and renewable energy technologies; (2) linking economic efficiency and distributive justice of wealth and power through distributive and participatory public policies; and (3) integrating the economic and ecological systems through the internalization of externalities and ecosystem rehabilitation.     

Disaggregated energy consumption,environment, and economic growth nexus of emerging South and East Asian Countries: An ARDL approach

This study examines the nexus between disaggregated energy consumption (EC), CO₂ emissions, and economic growth in emerging South and East Asian countries over the period of 1994 to 2019. The long-run equilibrium relationship is determined by using the “Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) model” and the “Generalized least square (GLS) technique.” The panel causality test developed by “Dumitrescu and Hurlin, 2012” determines the direction of causation between variables. Disaggregated EC and CO₂ emissions positively affect economic growth in the research. The PMG estimate also validates the GLS findings, which produce the same results as the PMG estimation. To check the robustness, we also use FMOLS and DOLS estimators. The results confirm the feedback hypothesis for South and East Asian nations regarding energy uses, CO₂ emissions, and economic growth. In contrast, there is unidirectional causality between industrial development and economic growth. These findings will help governments in South and East Asia craft effective energy policy regulations for their financial institutions.     

Integration of technologies and alternative sources of water and energy to promote the sustainability of urban landscapes

Recent research has highlighted the positive role of green areas in urban environments, providing numerous social, environmental and economic services, such as mitigation of the urban heat island effect, storm attenuation, increased water infiltration into the soil, reduction of noise and air pollution, among others. However, the maintenance of green areas may result in high consumption of water, reaching 50% of the total consumption in some municipalities, and energy, becoming a reason of concern. The present study aimed to integrate techniques and technologies that promote the automatic and efficient irrigation of urban landscapes, using alternative sources of energy and water, toward its sustainability. The conceptual unit was able to reduce in 64% the water consumed in irrigation. Rainwater met 69% of the demand and the photovoltaic system supplied all the energy required. The economic feasibility analysis showed that the conceptual unit is financially unfeasible, under the conditions of this study. However, with some interventions for reusing the surplus energy and water, and considering the higher fees charged by other cities, the investment became attractive. In this new scenario, the internal rate of return (15 years) was 27.3% and the discounted payback period was 4.9 years.