浙江-闽北陆架沉积物硫酸盐还原菌及与生物地球化学因子关系的分析

采用ＭＰＮ法测定浙江－闽北陆架沉积物的硫酸盐还原菌（ＳＲＢ），结果表明，在表层其出现率和平均含量各为８４．２％和４３６．８个（细胞／ｇ（湿重）），浅层则各为４２．４％和１６４个／ｇ，近岸的南区表层和浅层沉积物ＳＲＢ出现率、平均含量分别为９３．０％、５７６个／ｇ和３３．３％、２６７个／ｇ；远岸的北区则分别为７５．０％、３０２个／ｇ和５３．３％、４１个／ｇ，分析了ＳＲＢ含量与相应样品中硫化物、有机质含     

中国对虾养成过程中虾池水质和底质的变化

本文调查了七个不同产量不同饵料系数的中国对虾虾池，在６－９月份底质中ＰＨ、硫化物、氧化还原电位和有机碳的变化。结果表明，从６月到９月份七个虾池底质的ＰＨ逐步降低，硫化物含量逐渐升高，氧化还原电位逐渐降低。到９月份有的虾池底质硫化物含量高达２７×１０＾－６．干重，从６月到９月份氧化还原电位降低了２－４倍，最低者降到了１００ｍｖ以下。各虾池底质中的有机碳含量从６月份到８月份急剧增加，８月份达到１３－１     

福建省后海围垦养殖区海水及沉积物重金属含量分析

2002，2003年通过对福建莆田后海垦区的水质和沉积物中的重金属及硫化物的含量进行测定，并进行相关性分析，发现：①后海围垦区的Pb和zn的污染较严重，77．3％的取样站住的Pb、90．9％的取样站住的Zn都超过评价标准，Cu、Cd、As、Hg均未超过评价标准，若干站位的硫化物含量超标，个别甚至严重超标（高达828．7mg／kg），As处于较低水平②后海的污染来源于陆地.     

高稳定性硫化钠标准贮备液制备的研究及应用

制备高稳定性硫化钠标准贮备液是水体中硫化物含量准确定量分析极待解决的问题。本文在大量分析工作实践中的基础上，研究提出了稳定性更强，操作简单易行，快速可靠的硫化钠标准液的制备方法。     

应用GEM法对硫酸工业中重金属污染的研究

为查明硫酸工业中主要重金属的危害以及不同制酸工艺产生的危害差异，对辽宁省主要生产硫酸企业进行了调研，并应用ＭＥＧ法，对矿石原料中重金属的含量进行了数学模型分析．     

Cu－T(4－MOP)PS4光度法间接测定水中可溶性硫化物

利用Ｃｕ２＋与水中的Ｓ２－形成难溶的ＣＵＳ,剩余Ｃｕ２＋的含量用Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ４光度法测定,间接求得Ｓ２－的含量．研究了沉淀和显色的最佳条件．在ＰＨ８．５左右,形成难溶的ＣｕＳ,过量的铜在ｐＨ４．０用Ｔ（４－ＭＯＰ）ＰＳ４显色,然后用稀ＨＣｌ酸化至ＰＨ２．３左右测定,以提高方法的选择性,并探讨了共存离子的干扰情况．Ｓ２－的含量在０－０．２０μｇ／ｍｌ范围内符合比尔定律,相关系数ｒ＝０．９９９５,回收率为９４．０２％－１００．８％．建立的方法用于废水中可溶性硫化物的测定,结果与标准方法一致．     

三化热电厂35t／h循环流化床锅炉节能工程效益分析

阐述了工程节能及环保效果，经监测，锅炉出口平均烟尘浓度为２４１．３ｍｇ／Ｍ＾３，ＳＯ２平均浓度为４３０．９ｍｇ／Ｍ＾３，年产高压蒸汽２２．３万吨，创经济效益９３７．６万元／年。     

顶空进样气相色谱法测定碱渣中挥发性硫

采用顶空进样气相色谱法测定碱渣中有机硫化物及无机硫化物。本法具有操作简单、卫生、分析速度快、定性定量准确，不需对样品进行预处理等优点，可在其它炼厂推广应用     

云南某砷矿区冶炼渣中Hg存在形态研究

利用BCR三步提取法提取砷冶炼渣中Hg的铁锰氧化物结合态、可交换态及碳酸盐结合态、有机物及硫化物结合态,再以高压密闭消解法分离出矿渣中的Hg元素,采用原子荧光光度法测定Hg的总含量,最后计算出残渣态Hg含量。结果表明,云南某砷矿废矿场中汞的存在形态主要是铁锰氧化物结合态、可交换态及碳酸盐结合态,这两种形态的Hg含量超过总含量的85％;有机物及硫化物结合态和残渣态的含量所占比例较小。     

影响水中硫化物测定的相关因素及注意事项

水中硫化物包括溶解性的Ｈ２Ｓ、ＨＳ＾－、Ｓ＾２－，存在于悬浮物中的可溶性硫化物，酸可溶性金属硫化物及未电离有机，无机类硫化物。水中硫化物含量与气象因素及环境因素有着密切关系。在硫化水物测定中，影响因素很多，如：样口采集，样品固定，样口予处理，最终滴定及操作不当均会给分析结果带来误差。本文针对Ｓ＾２－测定中可能出现的问题，从四个方面进行研究探讨，为提高硫化物测定精密度提供了科学依据。     

炼油厂废渣碱水去除石油类和硫化物的试验研究

通过试验研究,在停留时间为8h左右,生物曝气滤池（BAF）工艺对碱水二级处理效率高,碱水经过处理后,石油类的平均去除率达到89％,硫化物的平均去除率达到99％。研究结果表明,BAF是一种高效的处理方法,适合炼油厂碱水的净化治理。     

含镉废水处理的试验研究

本文对含镉废水的治理进行了不同处理法的研究探讨。结果表明，硫化物──聚合硫酸铁沉定法、铁氧体法操作简单、效果理想，具有较好的应用前景。本研究优先推荐硫化物──聚合硫酸铁沉淀法，该法的条件易于控制、ｐＨ值适应范围大，除镉效果好，并能同时去除其它重金属离子。镉去除率达９９．６％以上，铜和锌的去除率达９９．４％以上。     

硫化染料回收再利用的试验研究

印染废水具有硫化物含量高、色度深、碱性大、成分复杂等特点,为难处理的工业废水。试验从回收印染废水中的有用物质硫化染料的角度出发,通过混凝沉定法使染料与水分离达到回收再利用的目的。结果表明,浓硫酸的用量为1mL/L,其回收率达到91.3%,回收后的染料染色率达98.2%。回收后的废水经进行一步处理达到国家排放标准。     

顶空气相色谱／质谱法测定糠醛废水中的糠醛含量

采用顶空气相色谱质谱法,利用PEG20M柱测定糠醛废水中的糠醛含量。方法相对标准偏差RSD〈3．7％,相关性r〉0．9999,基体样品回收率为96．5％-102％,检出限0．001mg／L。     

An approach to cleaner production: from hair burning to hair saving using a lime-free unhairing system

One of the methods to decrease the pollution of tanneries' wastewater is hair saving unhairing of hides. An investigation of proteolytic activity of enzymatic preparation (EP) has shown that some EPs have high stability in strong alkaline solutions and can be used for the hair saving process.Based on this investigation, a new hair saving unhairing method using a system containing EP, sodium hydroxide, sodium sulphide, and disodium hydrophosphate was developed. The method results in a high quality pelt suitable for leather manufacturing, decreases the pollution caused by sodium sulphide and the other products of hair degradation and avoids the pollution caused by calcium compounds.     

焦化废水净化及回用技术研究

以粉煤灰为吸附剂在线处理来自生化的焦化废水。处理水量１００ｔ／ｈ，粉煤灰用量１７４７ｔ／ｈ，由焦化厂锅炉连续供给。生化出口废水经粉煤灰处理后，ＣＯＤＣｒ、挥发酚、氰化物、硫化物、油、氨氮、ＢＯＤ５、色度的平均去除率５７４１％。处理后水除氨氮略高外，其余污染物均达到我国一级焦化新厂排放标准。处理后的水６０％被回用，用过的粉煤灰可制做建筑材料。     

生物传感器应用于环境监测的新进展

综述生物传感器应用于环境监测的最新进展 ,包括对砷化物、硫化物和杀虫剂及除草剂残留物的检测 ,对废水水质的在线监测 ,对BOD和氨氮的测定 ,对酚类和有气味的化合物的检测以及对大气和废气的监测等方面。     

In vivo measurements of the internal pH of Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor (Annelida, Polychaeta) exposed to ambient sulphidic conditions using pH microelectrodes

 The effect of different ambient sulphide concentrations on the internal pH regime of Hediste (Nereis) diversicolor was studied under in vivo conditions using liquid membrane pH microelectrodes, a method which is new to marine sciences. As a case study, the hypothesis was tested whether organisms exposed to ambient sulphidic conditions are able to lower their internal pH which, in effect, would reduce sulphide influx into the animals and thus could represent an effective detoxification mechanism. It was shown that a significant lowering of the internal pH occurred within only 20 min after adding sulphide. This pH lowering appeared to be dependent on the external sulphide concentration of the ambient medium and showed a saturation beyond a threshold level of about 130 μM. It is discussed whether this sulphide-induced pH drop is an active regulatory mechanism and acts as an effective protection mechanism against sulphide during short-term exposures. Received: 1 June 1999 / Accepted in revised form: 3 May 2000     

离子色谱法测定废水中硫化物

用蒸馏法对废水进行预处理,磷酸对样品进行酸化使其释放硫化氢,氢氧化钠溶液进行吸收,离子色谱法进行测定。该方法检出限为0.003mg/L,在0.03～10mg/L浓度范围内线性良好,相对标准偏差分别为7.40%、4.31%,实际样品加标回收率在92.0%～117.4%之间。离子色谱法与化学法间相对偏差为4.58%～13.3%。该方法操作简便,灵敏度高,精确度和准确度高,便于推广,适合废水中硫化物的测定。     

A chemical substitution study for a wet processing textile mill in Turkey

Wet processing textile industry has many different processing stages (dyeing, sizing, de-sizing, scouring, softening, etc.). Many chemicals currently used in the wet processing textile industry affect the amount and the type of waste produced and their influence on the aquatic life of the receiving stream. One of the critical steps in pollution prevention studies is auditing the use of chemicals and making the necessary chemical substitutions. This chemical substitution study was conducted on one of the major textile factories in Turkey with a capacity of 20,000 tons of denim fabric per year. During this study, chemical consumption level, receipts applied, environmentally problematic and alternative chemicals were examined. Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) Reference Document on Best Available Techniques (BAT) for the Textiles Industry was accepted as main reference document and also related case studies were examined. According to the study, over 70% reduction in sulphide, which is very toxic to aquatic life, was achieved by replacing sulphur dyestuff with low sulphide content. By replacing an alternative complexing agent, the mill not only prevented the 3100 kg/month COD load to the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP), but also obtained more biodegradable wastewater generated during production. On the other hand, some of the chemical substitution options were on progress or dropped.