项目可持续发展影响评价初探

本文从可持续发展的视角。介绍了项目可持续发展影响评价体系．对可持续发展影响评价的定义及内涵和原则及内容、评价指标体系进行阐述．建议改进现行的环境评价、经济评价和社会评价，使它们综合为可持续发展影响评价。     

城市可持续发展的综合评价

本文从可持续发展概念出发，建立了城市的发展持续度、发展协调度和发展水平综合评价的指标体系，应用模糊综合评价法和层次分析法，对乌鲁木齐市、新疆、全国城市可持续发展进行了定量评价，并确定了可持续发展目标伍，为城市可持续发展评价理论研究提供了科学依据。     

东北地区可持续发展评价研究

本文以可持续发展理念方法原则为指导，针对东北地区的经济、社会、人口以及资源环境状况特征，建立了东北地区可持续发展评价指标体系，应用三标度层次分析法（IAHP）确定指标权重，以1990年为基准率，2000年为目标年，跨越十年的数据为支撑，运用一定的数学模型和评价标准，对东北地区可持续发展进行了纵向评价。评价结果表明，东北地区10年来处于基本可持续发展状态，并分析了评价结果及提出了相应对策。     

江苏省可持续发展分析、评价与战略对策

江苏正处在经济快速增长的过程中，协调经济、社会、资源、环境保护之间的关系，保证区域可持续发展，是该地区需迫切解决的根本问题之一。对江苏省可持续发展态势进行了分析，建立了可持续发展评价指标体系和长江沿江、东南沿海各省市的数据库，对江苏省可持续发展状况进行了定量评价，并与沿江、沿海省市进行了横向比较，对江苏省可持续发展类型进行了分析和判断。通过分析，认为江苏省可持续发展主要存在经济发展动力和效益低、就业和人口老龄化压力大、资源制约、环境污染等问题。针对这些问题，提出了加快科技成果转化，加强人力资源管理，完善社会保障体系，确保资源安全，实施减灾、防灾与治污工程和建立多元环境监管体系等可持续发展战略对策。     

可持续发展的衡量与评价

本文从可持续发展的含义出发，在两个不同层次上讨论了可持续发展的衡量与评价。首先，围绕着保持不变（或增加）资本存量，分析了一个国家或地区可持续发展评价的基本理论，阐明了“持续收入”的计算方法。其次在微观上从持续性要求出发，系统阐述了投资项目如何进行持续性评价，从而保证资源环境价值在项目建设中得以考虑和可持续发展在宏观上的得以实现     

上海市崇明岛可持续发展综合评价

可持续发展系统是一个由经济、社会、生态环境等要素构成的复杂系统。在崇明生态岛建设的背景下以区域可持续发展理论为指导，建立区域可持续发展综合评价指标体系，并选择了衡量可持续发展状态和特征的4个指数——可持续发展指数、持续度、协调度和趋势度来综合评价崇明岛的可持续发展能力，并在此基础上为崇明经济跨越式发展、社会功能的健全和生态环境可持续利用等目标的实现提供科学的预测和战略决策依据。结果表明，崇明岛可持续发展水平整体逐年提高，且上升的幅度呈上升的趋势。崇明岛可持续发展系统过去10年呈现明显的持续性。经济、社会、生态环境子系统之间的协调度较高，表现出高度的同步性，趋势度向更高的水平发展。得出的评价结果符合实际。     

城市未来发展持续性评价决策支持系统构建和设计

城市作为一定区域内的政治、经济和文化教育等中心，具有明显的集聚能力和辐射带动作用，其可持续发展是区域及整个国家可持续发展的前提。开发和构建城市未来发展持续性评价决策支持系统（UFDADSS），对加强城市发展可持续性动态监测和科学评价、提高城市可持续发展战略规划及决策水平具有重要意义。本文主要根据城市可持续发展的系统性、多样性、空间性、动态性等特征，从体系结构、功能模块、集成方式等几个方面，对UFDADSS的构建和设计进行了初步探讨。     

蓄滞洪区可持续发展评价指标体系及案例研究

本文以蓄滞洪区复合系统为评价对象，在对相关子系统进行综合分析的基础上，设计了可持续发展评价指标体系，并以洪湖蓄滞洪区为实例，对其发展资本、发展水平、防洪情势和综合发展度进行了评价，分析了洪湖蓄滞洪区各个子系统之间的协调关系。评价结果表明：洪湖蓄滞洪区的发展资本和发展水平都处于比较良好的状态，防洪情势为风险型，是洪湖蓄滞洪区可持续发展的制约因素。洪湖蓄滞洪区实现可持续发展的重点是解决社会经济与防洪子系统之间的矛盾，加强防洪子系统的发展，改善社会经济结构，同时注意保护和利用环境。     

露天煤矿生态系统脆弱性评价方法研究

露天煤矿的开采会对当地生态环境系统造成极大的损害，矿区可持续发展的目标要求在矿区开发过程中制定完善的生产建设、生态恢复重建规划来促进生态环境管理，这需要对生态环境系统进行科学的评价，并分析寻找影响可持续发展的原因，同时能够对各类措施的效果进行评价。本研究通过建立一个科学的、可操作性较强的生态环境系统脆弱性评价体系，为正确的制订矿区生态重建规划、生产建设规划以及生态环境保护规划提供基础理论保障和技术手段。     

中国CDM项目对可持续发展的影响评价

目前,中国已成为开展和实施清洁发展机制(CDM)项目最多的国家及年可核证减排量(CER)签发量最大的国家。但是这些CDM项目是否在真正意义上促进了中国的可持续发展以及在多大程度上促进了可持续发展,较少研究文献涉及。为此,本研究开发了用于评价中国CDM项目对可持续发展影响的方法学即MATA-CDM-China,该方法学以多属性效用理论为指导,构建了包括目标层、系统层、变量层和要素层等四个层次的可持续发展评价指标体系,并运用绝对效用函数对指标体系所包含的9个具体评价指标进行效用赋值,同时结合问卷调查和Delphi法获得的各指标权重值,加总各效用值最终计算出所评价项目的可持续发展影响度。此外,以邯钢燃气-蒸汽联合循环发电项目为例,运用该方法执行可持续影响评价。最后指出该方法学存在的一定局限性。     

Converging impact assessment discourses for sustainable development: the case of Flanders,Belgium

The scientific field of impact assessment encompasses various ‘traditions’, each reflecting a set of particular policy objectives. This paper analyses two types of impact assessment. Regulatory impact analysis focuses on better regulation and competitiveness, while sustainability assessment fosters a holistic approach centred on the values of sustainable development. Through an analysis of the political discourses at the level of the European Union and at the sub-national level of the Flemish Region of Belgium, elements of convergence between the better regulation and sustainable development discourse are identified. The paper analyses how integrated impact assessment can be an integrative tool that allows to merge both discourses and to implement them in day-to-day decision-making. The potential of the existing Flemish regulatory impact analysis framework to be the starting point of an integrated assessment scheme for sustainable development is advocated and motivated.     

Introducing and Measuring Sustainable Development Initiatives by Local Authorities in Canada and Flanders (Belgium) A Comparative Study

In this paper we examine how Canadian and Flemish municipalities manage and measure sustainable development initiatives. First, we present information on how Canada, Belgium and its Flemish region introduce sustainable development initiatives at the federal and regional levels of government. The introduction at municipal level of impact assessment systems, indicator and monitoring systems, and sustainability reporting systems is discussed in general, followed by a comparison of specific case studies. In Canada, we selected the municipalities of Ottawa, Hamilton-Wentworth and Vancouver and in Flanders, the municipalities of Hasselt, Gent and Leuven. For each case study, we considered the following evaluation criteria: introduction of a long-term vision for a sustainable future; development of goals, targets and indicators; measurement of indicators; involvement and information of the local population; introduction of impact assessment and reporting systems. The discussion section deals with differences in the approach to managing and measuring sustainable development initiatives in Canada and Flanders. This study shows that sustainable development is not yet widely practised at the local level in Canada and Flanders, but Canadian municipalities have more experience with planning processes and vision development, measurement systems and public involvement. The Flemish municipalities were more inclined to go along with international campaigns dealing with local sustainability and take strong sustainable development actions which were not integrated in broader sustainable development policies.     

Application of TISM and MICMAC for analysis of influential factors of sustainable development of tablet devices: a case study

Abstract

With the advancements in technology and increase in demand for eco-efficient products, manufacturers are focusing on sustainable development of products. Enticing a huge demand over the recent years, sustainable development of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) products are a subject of interest for most practitioners and academicians. A number of factors are found to influence the sustainable development of ICT products. It is necessary to identify the most important factors and determine the dependencies of factors among themselves. In this regard, a case study has been conducted in the context of sustainable development of tablet devices. The most influential factors have been identified from literature and with experts input. The factor dependencies are established using Total Interpretive Structural Modelling (TISM) methodology. MICMAC analysis is used to classify the factors based on their ability to influence other factors. The output of TISM forms the input for MICMAC analysis. From the study, it was found that the factors, ‘Customer pressure’, ‘Government regulations’, ‘Competitiveness’, ‘Organization initiative’ and ‘Technological advancements’ are the most driving factors. Factors ‘Environmental impact’, ‘Energy efficiency’ and ‘Opportunities to upgrade’ were found to be dependent.     

The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and China’s implementation

The concept of sustainable development has experienced great development and change at different levels of theoretical connotation and practical implementation since 1960s and 1970s when it was first proposed. People’s understanding of the relationship between economy, society, and environment has been continuously deepened over the years. When it came to the end of 2015, it is necessary to examine the results of the United Nations Millennium Development Goals on sustainable development, and at the same time, the post-2015 framework and guidance on sustainable development at the global level were to be made, including the ideas, action plans, key areas that would guide the global sustainable development. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development has developed a 5P theoretical framework of being people-centered, global environmental security, sustained economic prosperity, social justice and harmony and partnership promotion, including a political declaration, 17 overarching goals and 169 specific targets, specific ways of implementation, as well as the follow-up. It is the road map to achieve global sustainable development and meet the requirements of the millennium development goals. This paper summarizes the understanding of the concept of sustainable development from its origin, its significant development, to the proposition and development of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, and its strategic impact on China.     

房地产投资对区域可持续发展的影响及对策

房地产投资对区域可持续发展的影响涉及生态可持续、经济可持续和社会可持续三方面的内容，在对其具体内容和所存在的问题加以分析后，提出相应的发展对策。     

从可持续发展角度对环境影响评价制度的思考

环境影响评价这一卓有成效的环境管理制度,如何在可持续发展理论指导下得到完善与发展,是我们应积极思考的问题。本文从可持续发展角度分析了环境影响评价中存在的问题,并提出了相应的改进措施。     

经济全球化背景下国际可持续发展进程的政治外交效应

本文以发展中国家和发达国家两大集团作为研究的基本单元，对国际可持续发展战略实施中产生的政治外交效应进行了初步分析。试图揭示经济全球化背景下国际可持续发展进程对世界经济社会和政治外交格局带来的影响和挑战，并就发展中国家开展国际可持续发展合作提出了对策建议。     

论可持续发展思想对法学基础理论的影响

可持续发展思想是社会发展的必然产物 ,它必将对上层建筑产生重大影响。本文从这个意义上论述了可持续发展思想对法学基础理论的影响 ,剖析了可持续发展中环境与资源之间的相互关系 ,以期推动法理学的改革和发展 ,进而更好地保障我国可持续发展战略的顺利实施。     

吐鲁番盆地水资源持续利用研究

吐鲁番盆地是中国陆地最低的山间盆地，也是新疆水资源量最少的地区之一。其水资源开发利用及其引起的环境变化，是关系到该区持续发展的关键问题。本文从合理利用水资源的角度着重分析了吐鲁番地区水资源开发模式及带来的环境问题，并提出了今后水资源持续利用的途径。     

气候变化对江苏省经济的影响研究

利用经济学上的“投入－产出”分析方法,结合气候变化对农业产量影响的计算机模拟系统,研究了当气候变化影响农业生产和产量时,江苏省农业产值的变化及与农业部门相联系的国民经济各个部门产出量的变化。考虑江苏省的经济发展速度和产业结构,预测了未来不同的气候变化情景下,为使经济发展达到预期目标,社会需对各经济部门追加的资金投入量及各经济部门之间相互投入量的变化,提出了适应气候变化的相应对策。研究结果反映了国民经济各部门之间及部门与整体的相互联系,从而对制定区域经济平衡发展规划提供了理论依据和建议。