一起有机过氧化物爆炸事故的调查和分析

阐述一起重大爆炸伤亡事故的现场调查和原因分析，介绍如何通过人证物证材料，用鱼刺图法找出可能引起事故的诸原因，逐项加以分析，将与人证或物证材料相矛盾的原因子以排除，最后剩下无法排除亦即能与人证物证相符的那个原因，就是事故的真正原因。笔者是这起事故调查专家组组长，取证和数据可靠。     

我国工业爆炸事故原因分析

为了控制工业爆炸事故的发生 ,我们详细分析了近年来我国发生的特大、重大工业爆炸事故４０多例 ,占近年来特大、重大工业爆炸事故案例总数２／３以上。虽然事故发生的后果是随机的 ,即受偶然性因素的影响 ;但事故致因则不是随机的 ,而是系统性因素即非偶然性因素的影响结果。因此 ,这４０多例事故的致因对于我国近年来全部工业爆炸事故的致因来说 ,具有合理的代表性。一、瓦斯爆炸事故１ 直接原因（１）瓦斯浓度超限的原因ａ 停电造成停风ｂ 停风———局扇被违章关停（包括对临时停工的地点停风） ;———局扇故障或损坏而无备用局扇。ｃ …     

我国工业爆炸事故原因分析

为了控制工业爆炸事故的发生 ,我们详细分析了近年来我国发生的特大、重大工业爆炸事故 4 0多例 ,占近年来特大、重大工业爆炸事故案例总数 2 / 3以上。虽然事故发生的后果是随机的 ,即受偶然性因素的影响 ;但事故致因则不是随机的 ,而是系统性因素即非偶然性因素的影响结果。因此 ,这 4 0多例事故的致因对于我国近年来全部工业爆炸事故的致因来说 ,具有合理的代表性。1　瓦斯爆炸事故1.1　直接原因1.1.1　瓦斯浓度超限的原因　　ａ .停电造成停风　　ｂ .停风　　———局扇被违章关停 (包括对临时停工的地点停风 ) ;　　———局扇故障或…     

一起氧气瓶充装爆炸事故原因分析

2003年1月16日下午1时左右，江都市某工业气体充装站在氧气充装过程中发生一起氧气瓶爆炸事故，造成1死1伤。现将有关事故调查分析情况介绍如下。     

燃气爆炸事故的原因与对策

1 家庭燃气爆炸事故的原因及预防 　　在用燃气(包括煤气、天然气、液化石油气)做饭时,燃气从灶眼里喷出来,都燃烧掉了。如果泄漏出来没有燃烧,在空气中达到一定浓度,这时遇到明火,就会在瞬间全部燃烧,剧烈发热而膨胀,这就是可怕的爆炸。这个能引起爆炸的浓度,叫做爆炸极限。能引起爆炸的最低浓度叫爆炸下限,能引起爆炸的最高浓度叫爆炸上限。不同的燃气其爆炸极限范围也不同,燃气的热值越高,它的爆炸下限越低,越容易达到爆炸浓度。     

一起进口气瓶爆炸事故原因分析

1事故概况与现场调查2007年7月6日盐城市某气体工业公司,一只无缝气瓶在该公司液氧充装台发生爆炸。现场3名公司员工和1名用户当场两死两伤,后来1名受伤员工因抢救无效死亡。气瓶为粉碎性爆炸,现场共搜集碎片68块。     

火车相撞爆炸事故调查始末

1996年2月16日,美国某电视台播报了这样一则消息:“最新消息,两列客车在上下班高峰时间在马里兰州银泉外面相撞起火。消防队员目前正在救火。乘客被困在了里面,国家运输安全局的调查人员已经赶到了现场……”两列火车相撞起火,是由于风向改变?操纵仪出现故障?还是恐怖份子袭击?     

压缩机爆炸事故分析

空气压缩机是煤矿(以及非煤矿山)重要的动力设备之一。近年来煤矿推广锚喷工艺,对空气压缩机的需求进一步提高,而且随着一些老井向深部延伸,地面空气压缩机站向井下供气的管路也过长,因此压缩机站移到井下的情况也越来越多。空气压缩机能否安全供气,不仅是保证生产建设正常进行的问题,更是关系到整个矿井安全的重大问题,因此,总结煤矿已发生的空气压缩机供气事故,分析原因,提出预防措施是非常必要的。     

一起锅炉爆炸事故的分析

1998年9月16日下午4时10分,新密市某镇造纸厂一台WNG4－1．2MPa（卧式内燃回火管）型锅炉在运行中爆炸,造成1人死亡,l人重伤的重大事故,直接经济损失30多万元。该锅炉系鞍山锅炉厂生产,1982年11月制造,出厂一编号A82075,1996年9月移装到该镇造纸厂,当年10月投入运行。一、事故发生经过9月16日上午10时30分,当班锅炉操作上周国事对锅炉进行点火升压。l个多小时后,锅炉压力达到0ZMPa,因为纸机车间没有生产（此时纸厂已停电）,操作工周围亭就擅自脱离工作岗位回家吃饭,中午1时多才返回工作岗位,开始操作锅炉。当锅炉压力升至…     

飞行事故与危化品爆炸事故的共性原因研究

为探究事故的共性原因,选取飞行事故和危化品爆炸事故作为研究对象,以事故致因“2-4”模型为分析工具,对2起案例的原因进行重新分析,得出两者在组织文化、管理体系、个体能力、个体动作4个阶段的事故原因。对比研究其共性原因,并以提高个体能力为目标导向,以解决组织文化和管理体系中存在的共性问题为主要思路,提出通用预防方法。研究表明：2起事故在组织文化、管理体系、个体能力均存在共性原因;分析得到针对2类事故、2类行业均适用的预防方法,为未来继续扩大研究样本从而探究适用于所有行业的通用事故预防方法提供理论支持。     

Three accidents in European dynamite production plants: An attempt to improve the external lessons learning

Three serious accidents occurred in three dynamite manufacturing plants within three European countries during a relatively short time period triggering the question of effective external learning. The article discusses the lessons for the prevention of accidents learned from retrospective comparative analysis. It advocates for a better process for learning lessons. It attempts to show how a two level approach to accident analysis may help to reveal a common deeper learning hidden under diverse routine lessons.     

一起氧气瓶爆炸事故的技术分析

针对一起氧气瓶爆炸事故,进行了详细的实际调查,并以科学理论和数据为依据,进行了多角度的技术分析。     

Accident in a French dynamite factory: An example of an organisational investigation

The 27th of March 2003, an explosion caused the death of four employees in a Nitrochimie pyrotechnic plant, at Billy Berclau, in the north of France. Following the accident, the ministry of Ecology and Sustainable Development appointed INERIS to perform an investigation. According to the terms of reference, the investigation would cover technical (origins of the explosion, extent of damages) as well as organisational issues, as defined by SEVESO II safety management system requirements. This paper has a threefold purpose. It intends first to illustrate with an empirical case the current trend in safety auditing and accident investigation, targeting organisational factors, alongside human factors. There are not so many published cases of accidents analysed with an organisational perspective. Secondly, it shows that it is possible to investigate organisational dimensions (through articulation of safety engineering, safety management and human and social sciences) within reasonable time frames and a reasonable amount of resources. By focusing on key actors and asking appropriate questions related to key dimensions, investigating organisational accidents might not necessarily imply spending much more resources than other steps such as damage assessment, chronological construction or identification of technical scenarios, although there are also some prerequisite conditions needed to achieve this. Finally this paper should be seen as a technical communication beyond the pyrotechnic industry.     

硝铵炸药生产中的事故防范

通过分析硝铵炸药生产中发生的火灾和爆炸事故，认为硝铵混合物在高温条件下的热分解是引发这类事故的主要原因；还给出硝酸铵热分解的要点，并提出预防恶性事故的措施。【关键词】     

一起桥式起重机伤亡事故的原因及预防措施

本文介绍了一起桥式起重机伤亡事故的经过、发生事故的原因,认为是设备存在严重隐患和管理不完善。提出了预防起重机械事故的措施。     

Development of a new chemical process-industry accident database to assist in past accident analysis

Past accident analysis (PAA) is one of the most potent and oft-used exercises for gaining insights into the reasons why accidents occur in chemical process industry (CPI) and the damage they cause. PAA provides invaluable ‘wisdom of hindsight’ with which strategies to prevent accidents or cushion the impact of inevitable accidents can be developed.A number of databases maintain record of past accidents in CPI. The most comprehensive of the existing databases include Major Hazard Incident Data Service (MHIDAS), Major Accident Reporting System (MARS), and Failure and Accidents Technical Information Systems (FACTS). But each of these databases have some limitations. For example MHIDAS can be accessed only after paying a substantial fee. Moreover, as detailed in the paper, it is not infallible and has some inaccuracies. Other databases, besides having similar problems, are seldom confined to accidents in chemical process industries but also cover accidents from other domains such as nuclear power plants, construction industry, and natural disasters. This makes them difficult to use for PAA relating to CPI. Operational injuries not related to loss of containment, are also often included. Moreover, the detailing of events doesn’t follow a consistent pattern or classification; a good deal of relevant information is either missing or is misclassified.The present work is an attempt to develop a comprehensive open-source database to assist PAA. To this end, information on about 8000 accidents, available in different open-source clearing houses has been brought into a new database named by us PUPAD (Pondicherry University Process-industry Accident Database). Multiple and overlapping accident records have been carefully eliminated and a search engine has been developed for retrieval of the records on the basis of appropriate classification. PUPAD doesn’t aim to replace or substitute the well established databases such as MHIDAS and MARS but, rather, aims to compliment them.