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国内某污水回用工程采用混凝工艺作为生产再生水的重要步骤,通过大量的试验来选择适合的混凝剂,并绘制出最佳投药量曲线来指导生产;同时分析了影响混凝工艺处理效果的主要因素以及反应机理。 相似文献
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近六、七十年来兰州城市发展对城市气候环境的影响 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
用城郊对比法研究了近六、七十年来兰州城市发展对城市气候环境的影响。通过六、七十年来的气象记录、近年来的环境监测记录及实时遥感图象定量的研究工业发展以来兰州城市气候环境的变化。通过研究发现随着城市的发展兰州的大气、光热,湿度、降水、风场等气候环境趋于恶化,工业化及城市发展造成的气候环境的变化已经危及了人们的生产、生活,同时对整个生态环境的破坏也到了非常严重的地步。结合气候环境恶化的趋势,提出了改善气候环境的具体办法。 相似文献
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张永春 《生态与农村环境学报》2010,26(Z1)
湖泊富营养化问题是生态问题,是湖泊所在流域环境问题的集中反映,生态问题应该通过生态途径来解决。调控流域水环境的关键在农村,农村环境污染控制主要靠生态治污来解决。只有把流域作为一个完整的生态系统,调整系统中各种因素之间的关系,实现生态系统的平衡,才能从根本上解决湖泊水环境问题。 相似文献
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天津市开展初始碳核查旨在通过碳排放交易市场来控制当地的二氧化碳排放量,促进当地绿色低碳发展。以天津市燃煤型热电企业为初始碳核查对象,结合实际核查过程中遇到的"指南外"情况,探索一套适合于此类企业的碳核查方法,来准确核算其真实碳排放数据,为天津市碳排放交易市场及企业碳排放权配额分配的顺利开展奠定基础。 相似文献
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三、污染物的化学治理技术 污染物的化学治理技术的研究近十年来在我国已在较广范围开始进行。用化学或物理化学方法处理环境污染物有一些已取得明显的效果,但是基础性或开创性工作还很少。以下重点介绍近年来的一些工作。 相似文献
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通过胡杨(Populus euphratica Oliv.)树木年轮宽度的分析,建立了塔里木河下游大西海子(A)、阿克墩(B)、亚合甫马汗(c)、英苏(D)、阿布达勒(E)、喀尔达依(F)、吐格买莱(G)、阿拉干(H)、依干不及麻(I)和考干(J)10个采样区过去54a来的STD、RES和ARS年表,并借助RES年表,采用年代际变化分析和突变检验,反演了塔里木河下游54a年来区域水环境状况变迁时空格局。结果表明:①下游10个样区54a来区域水环境状况具有多样性和复杂性,并不完全表现为距离下游上段(大西海子水库)越近其水环境状况就越好,区域水环境状况总体变异程度由低到高排序为A、G、C、H、E、D、I、B、F、J,也反映了下游10个样区生态退化程度的差异;②下游54a来区域水环境状况最好时期出现在20世纪60年代和21世纪初,大部分区域最差时期主要集中在20世纪90年代,是下游地区长达30a断流水环境变干累积效应的体现;③下游10个样区区域水环境变化具有明显的突变时间,突变出现时间相对水文事件年代具有滞后性。胡杨年轮记录的塔里木河下游54a来区域水环境时空变迁格局对下游生态退化的历史认识具有重要意义。 相似文献
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重视生态策略在建筑设计中的运用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建筑既作用于生态环境,也作用于人类,它始终持续地影响着周围的环境和使用者的生活,特别是对于我国高速发展的城市来说,其影响更是巨大。生态建筑将成为21世纪建筑设计的主流。建筑与可持续发展的三个重要方面(环境保护、经济发展和社会进步)密切相关,生态建筑应是可持续发展的一个组成部分。文章针对我国生态环境与建筑设计中存在的主要问题,提出在建筑设计中要注重生态策略的运用,推动生态建筑设计要依靠全社会生态意识的提高,增强人与自然环境的沟通,完善生态建筑设计的法律规范。 相似文献
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水面垃圾收集船在我国尚不多见,本文全面地介绍了华南地区第一艘16.5米液压操纵水面垃圾收集船的概况、性能及主要特别,对开发我国水面垃圾收集船提供了宝贵的经验。 相似文献
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Michael Lavin 《Environmental and Ecological Statistics》1999,6(1):47-57
Ranked set sampling can be useful when measurements are expensive but units from the popu- lation can be easily ranked. In this situation one may draw k units from the population, rank them, select one on which to make the expensive measurement, draw another k units, rank them, select one, and so on. The method was originally suggested by McIntyre (1952) in connection with pasture yields and is obviously applicable in other situations as well. Dell and Clutter (1972) and Patil et al. (1994) explain the basics from a classical point of view. Our aim is to examine the procedure from a Bayesian point of view, determine whether ranked set sampling provides advantages over simple random sampling and explore some optimality questions 相似文献
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循环式活性污泥法处理城市污水 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
陈小燕 《城市环境与城市生态》1999,12(4):9-11
循环式活性污泥法工艺(CAST)是序批式活性污泥法工艺(SBR)的一种变型。它综合活性污泥法和SBR工艺特点,与生物选择器原理结合在一起,真有抗冲击负荷和除磷脱氮功能。本文介绍了该工艺的特点,以及处理城市污水的工程设计。 相似文献
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Cost-effective hotspot identification is an important issue in hazardous waste site characterization and evaluation. Composite sampling techniques are known to be cost effective when the cost of measurement is substantially higher than the cost of sampling. Although compositing incurs no loss of information on the means, information on individual sample values is lost due to compositing. In particular, if the interest is in identifying the largest individual sample value, the composite sampling techniques are not able to do so. Under certain assumptions, it may be possible to satisfactorily predict individual sample values using the composite sample data, but it is not generally possible to identify the largest individual sample value. In this paper, we propose two methods of identifying the largest individual sample value with some additional measurement effort. Both methods are modifications of the simple sweep-out method proposed earlier. Since analytical results do not seem to be feasible, performance of the proposed methods is assessed via simulation. The simulation results show that both the proposed methods, namely the locally sequential sweep-out and the globally sequential sweep-out, are better than the simple sweep-out method.Prepared with partial support from the Statistical Analysis and Computing Branch, Environmental Statistics and Information Division, Office of Policy, Planning, and Evaluation, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC under a Cooperative Agreement Number CR-821531. The contents have not been subjected to Agency review and therefore do not necessarily reflect the views of the Agency and no official endorsement should be inferred. 相似文献
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Michael Creel 《Journal of Environmental Economics and Management》1998,35(3):277-284
Monte Carlo evidence has shown that simple, misspecified referendum contingent valuation (CV) models sometimes lead to good estimates of mean willingness to pay (WTP). Empirical studies have found that estimates of mean WTP derived from simple parametric models often differ little from those derived from nonparametric methods. This indicates that simple models can potentially yield WTP estimators that are relatively unbiased. This note shows that very simple logit referendum CV models will estimate mean WTP consistently if the survey bids are drawn randomly from a uniform distribution. 相似文献
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彭文新 《湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报》2007,13(3):49-52
介绍了采用碳纤维布加固钢筋混凝土框架梁正截面、斜截面的设计计算及施工步骤,为了验证加固效果,对加固后的钢筋混凝土梁进行了现场静载检测,结果表明:该加固方案切实有效.图4,表2,参6. 相似文献
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A proposed standard method for composite sampling of water chemistry and plankton in small lakes 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
In this paper a method for collection of vertically and horizontally integrated volume-weighted composite samples for analysis of water chemistry and plankton is presented. The method, which requires a proper knowledge of lake morphometry parameters, includes proposed standard procedures for determination of sampling interval thickness, maximum depth of sampling, selection of sampling stations, and distribution of discrete samples. An example of the outcome of the method in a lake with uncomplicated basin morphometry is given and the results are discussed against background of general lake basin morphometry data. The aim of the paper is to start a debate about optimization (statistical as well as ecological) of volume weighted composite sampling. 相似文献
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人工湿地污水处理工艺与设计 总被引:75,自引:1,他引:75
人工湿地作为一种新型生态污水处理技术,在实际各取得了快速发展。为了适应我国对这一技术的迫切需要,文章结合作者的实践,较详细地介绍了目前人工湿地污水处理的工艺结构、基本设计方法及经济技术比较,以供有关科研、设计单位参考。 相似文献
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机械产品的绿色设计技术 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
曾庆根 《湖南环境生物职业技术学院学报》2006,12(3):302-304
本文通过对机械绿色产品的定义及内涵的描述,提出了机械产品绿色设计的基本方法和绿色设计中的主要内容及技术关键. 相似文献