环境技术引进的环境法律规制

就环境技术引进的社会背景及其相关法律问题作了简要说明,对环境技术引进的一般法律管制进行了分析,较为深入的阐述了对环境技术引进进行环境法律规制的必要性,并提出了对环境技术引进进行环境法律规制的基本原则及基本制度.     

环境影响评价与工程设计的关系

从工程分析和污染防治措施2方面剖析了环境影响评价与工程设计之间的关系，指出环境评应以工程设计为依据，从技术，经济和环境保护的角度对工程项目进行全面地分析，预测和评价，同时对设计中不合理或难以达到环境要求的污染防治措施提出修改意见，即环境影响评价反过来指导工程设计。     

Environmental mediation: Cutting to the chase in environmental dispute resolution

The following quote from Abraham Lincoln, dated 1850, should be kept in mind by all environmental attorneys: “Discourage litigation. Persuade your neighbors to compromise whenever you can. Point out to them how the nominal winner is often a real loser—in fees, expenses, and waste of time. As a peacemaker, the lawyer has a superior opportunity of being a good [person]. There will still be business enough.” This article discusses mediation and mediation skills as invaluable tools for settling and managing environmental issues.     

Proposal of an environmental performance index to assess solid waste treatment technologies

Although the concern with sustainable development and environment protection has considerably grown in the last years it is noted that the majority of decision making models and tools are still either excessively tied to economic aspects or geared to the production process. Moreover, existing models focus on the priority steps of solid waste management, beyond waste energy recovery and disposal. So, in order to help the lack of models and tools aiming at the waste treatment and final disposal, a new concept is proposed: the Cleaner Treatment, which is based on the Cleaner Production principles. This paper focuses on the development and validation of the Cleaner Treatment Index (CTI), to assess environmental performance of waste treatment technologies based on the Cleaner Treatment concept. The index is formed by aggregation (summation or product) of several indicators that consists in operational parameters. The weights of the indicator were established by Delphi Method and Brazilian Environmental Laws. In addition, sensitivity analyses were carried out comparing both aggregation methods. Finally, index validation was carried out by applying the CTI to 10 waste-to-energy plants data. From sensitivity analysis and validation results it is possible to infer that summation model is the most suitable aggregation method. For summation method, CTI results were superior to 0.5 (in a scale from 0 to 1) for most facilities evaluated. So, this study demonstrates that CTI is a simple and robust tool to assess and compare the environmental performance of different treatment plants being an excellent quantitative tool to support Cleaner Treatment implementation.     

我国环保产业发展的十大对策建议

环保产业是保护环境、实施可持续发展战略的重要物质基础和技术保障,是国民经济的重要组成部分,未来经济中最具潜力的新增长点之一。为促进环保产业的健康、快速发展,满足生态建设和环境污染治理的需要,确保“十五”目标的顺利实现,提出了拟采取的十大对策。     

Design of a model to assess the environmental risk of leachate dams

Leachate dams store very toxic liquids, leachate, that contain a large amount of pollutant substances. Most of them are located in gullies or ravines, so if a dam breaks, leachate would advance downstream provoking an important environmental impact. In order to assess this environmental risk, the following procedure has been established: firstly, rating curves have been set up which relate characteristics of the dam with the environmental risk, secondly, a weight has been assigned to each parameter, and thirdly, the environmental elements which could be affected by the leachate have been assessed. Relating the risk generated by the characteristics of the dam with the environmental elements located in the risk area, the environmental risk index of a leachate dam can be calculated. If the environmental risk index exceeds a certain value, then it is a dam with a high environmental risk. A high value can be due to low geotechnical stability, to very sensitive environmental elements, or both.     

Biodegradable Soy-Based Plastics: Opportunities and Challenges

Today's plastics are designed with little consideration for their ultimate disposability or the effect of the resources (feedstocks) used in making them. This has resulted in mounting worldwide concerns over the environmental consequences of such materials when they enter the mainstream after their intended uses. This led to the concept of designing and engineering new biodegradable materials–materials that have the performance characteristics of today's materials but that undergo biodegradation along with other organic waste to soil humic materials. Hence, the production of biodegradable materials from annually renewable agricultural feedstocks has attracted attention in recent years. Agricultural materials such as starches and proteins are biodegradable and environmentally friendly. Soybean is a good candidate for manufacturing a large number of chemicals, including biodegradable plastics, as it is abundantly available and cheap. Soy protein concentrate, isolate, or flakes could be compounded with synthetic biodegradable plastics such as polycaprolactone or poly (lactic acid) to make molded products or edible films or shopping bags and make the environment cleaner and greener.     

Challenges to promoting eco-industry parks in Malaysia: A case study of Rawang Integrated Industrial Park

Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management - Malaysia is a developing country, and its economic growth has caused the increase in the generation of industrial waste in terms of its volume. The...     

环境生物技术进展

随着经济的发展，工业化进程加快，环境污染日趋严重，环境问题也成为当前国际关系、经贸合作中一个极为重要的问题。日益影响着国际经济的可持续发展。环境工程技术在近几十年得到了突飞猛进的发展，其中环境生物处理技术应用较为广泛，发展较为迅速。详细介绍了环境生物处理工程技术在近几十年内各方面的进展情况。     

环境权与环境公益诉讼内在关系初探

论述了环境权理论与环境公益诉讼的联系:环境权与环境公益诉讼是互动的关系,实施环境公益诉讼是环境权的内在要求,环境权理论是环境公益诉讼的理论基础,环境公益诉讼是环境权的制度保障,建立环境公益诉讼制度是实现环境权的必由之路.     

The relationship between environmental management strategies and environmental compliance at Marine Corps installations

Environmental compliance requirements periodically impact the military's ability to use all installation resources. In response, environmental management strategies have been developed to ensure compliance and allow site closure. This study examines the relationship between environmental management strategies and environmental compliance at U.S. Marine Corps (USMC) installations via analysis of environmental compliance audit scores. Five environmental scores of interest from 1998 to 2004 audits—which include total compliance, total management, audit management, policy management, and training management—were subjected to statistical analysis. Results showed the USMC met environmental compliance and management standards, despite limited resources. High management strategy scores were moderately correlated with high total compliance scores. Total management scores improved over time, and noncompliance was most often associated with a lack of resources and plans. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

湿法脱硫烟气直接排放的环境问题探讨

讨论了湿烟气直接排放带来的3个环境问题：抬升高度低，地面污染浓度较大；水汽凝结造成白烟；凝结水对局地气候的影响。通过简化计算，给出了某些环境和排放条件下抬升高度、地面最大浓度、白烟长度和数结水量的定量估算，对进行湿烟气直接排放可行性研究的人员有重要参考意义。     

基于新环境保护法要求下的化工园区水环境管理政策

从园区的规划布局、监督管理、废水处理及排放标准等方面对化工园区水污染问题的成因进行了系统分析,并结合新修订的《环境保护法》和《水污染防治行动计划》的有关要求,分别从四个方面针对化工园区水污染防治政策提出以下建议：加强管理顶层设计,促进协调监管;严格园区环境准入条件;实行企业废水分质分类管理,加强企业准入标准建设;建立激励机制,推动第三方服务。     

循环经济与环境安全

20世纪90年代以来,随着可持续发展战略被普遍采纳,国际社会正把发展循环经济,建立循环型社会作为实现环境与经济协调发展的重要途径.发展循环经济就是节约资源、保护环境,探讨了发展循环经济对提高环境资源利用效率、优化环境资源配置的作用,提示了:循环经济是实现环境安全的根本保障.     

Biogeochemistry: Some Opportunities and Challenges for the Future

There are major opportunities for big, important questions to drive biogeochemical research in the future. Some suggestions are presented, such as: what are the controls on N loss and retention in watershed-ecosystems; what are the rates and controls on biological N fixation and denitrification in diverseecosystems; how does scale (temporal and spatial) control biogeochemical flux and cycling; what controls the apparent and actual weathering rates in terrestrial ecosystems and what is the fate of the weathered products; how can biogeochemical function best be integrated on regional to global scales; and what are the quantitative interrelationships between hydrologiccycles and biogeochemical cycles? Some brief examples and approaches to address such questions, for example, the value of multidisciplinary teams for addressing complicated questions,and the use of sophisticated tools (e.g., stable isotopes, spatial statistics, remote sensing), are presented.     

Contribution of individual waste fractions to the environmental impacts from landfilling of municipal solid waste

A number of LCA-based studies have reported on the environmental performance of landfilling of mixed waste, but little is known about the relative contributions of individual waste fractions to the overall impact potentials estimated for the mixed waste. In this paper, an empirical model has been used to estimate the emissions to the environment from landfilling of individual waste fractions. By means of the LCA-model EASEWASTE, the emissions estimated have been used to quantify how much of the overall impact potential for each impact category is to be attributed to the individual waste fractions. Impact potentials are estimated for 1 tonne of mixed waste disposed off in a conventional landfill with bottom liner, leachate collection and treatment and gas collection and utilization for electricity generation. All the environmental aspects are accounted for 100 years after disposal and several impact categories have been considered, including standard categories, toxicity-related categories and groundwater contamination.Amongst the standard and toxicity-related categories, the highest potential impact is estimated for human toxicity via soil (HTs; 12 mPE/tonne). This is mostly caused by leaching of heavy metals from ashes (e.g. residues from roads cleaning and vacuum cleaning bags), batteries, paper and metals. On the other hand, substantial net environmental savings are estimated for the categories Global Warming (GW; ?31 mPE/tonne) and Eco-Toxicity in water chronic (ETwc; ?53 mPE/tonne). These savings are mostly determined by the waste fractions characterized by a high content of biogenic carbon (paper, organics, other combustible waste). These savings are due to emissions from energy generation avoided by landfill gas utilization, and by the storage of biogenic carbon in the landfill due to incomplete waste degradation.     

环境权架构的路径探析--兼论后现代主义对环境权研究的影响

环境权的研究遭遇着理论和实践的双重困境.若想摆脱困境,必须重新审视创设一项权利的相关基本理论,从而选择一条明晰的路径,有的放矢地架构权利内容.环境权创设的目的是保护自然环境的生态功能;环境要素生态功能的特征、市场和政府在环境保护方面的失灵以及环境法学的独立自足性论证了创设环境权的必要性;而将环境权定位于一项法律权利,并充分考虑其与现有权利的兼容性之后,提出了较为务实的架构环境权的制度取向.