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1.
厌氧生物处理反应器混合流态及其分析   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
复合流态已成为厌氧反应器工艺的设计与开发应用的发展方向。就厌氧反应器的流态分析、要求及新型厌氧处理技术(SMPA)作了系统的分析介绍 ,提出了改进厌氧处理工艺设计的思路。  相似文献   

2.
高效厌氧生物反应器研究动态及趋势   总被引:10,自引:1,他引:10  
回顾了高效厌氧生物反应器发展过程,介绍了UASB、EGSB、IC反应器工作原理、特点、最新开发和应用研究进展。指出近期高效厌氧生物反应器研究重点  相似文献   

3.
简谈现代高效厌氧反应器—UASB反应器   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
简谈现代高效厌氧反应器———UASB反应器AHighEficientAnaerobicReactor———UpflomAnaerobicSludgeBlanket(UASB)胡纪萃(清华大学环境工程系100081)从上个世纪末到本世纪初开发的化粪池、...  相似文献   

4.
采用50 m3螺旋式厌氧反应器(SPAC反应器:反应器主体直径2.4 m,高11 m)试验了高浓度安乃近制药废水厌氧生物处理的性能.中试结果表明,在进水COD为10000~14000 mg·L-1和水力停留时间(HRT)为12 h的工况下,容积COD去除速率(VRR)达到(26.54±4.61) kg·m-3·d-1,容积产气速率(VPR)达到(9.55±1.66) m3·m-3·d-1,COD去除率达到94.8%.根据Monod方程拟合结果和负荷冲击试验结果推测,SPAC反应器的最大容积效能可分别达46.08和75.00 kg·m-3·d-1.螺旋式厌氧反应器具有很强的抗冲击能力,在基质浓度跃升到原浓度的3倍及进水流量跃升到原流量的1.5倍时,容积效能没有明显波动,COD去除率保持在95%以上;SPAC反应器处理高浓度制药废水的适宜操作条件为进水COD 30000 mg·L-1,HRT长于12 h.  相似文献   

5.
采用脉冲示踪法以NH4Cl作示踪剂,通过其在反应器中的停留时间分布来研究厌氧迁移式污泥床反应器(AMBR)的水力特性。反应器的结构决定了反应器的流态,从而控制着可能达到的处理效率。为优化设计反应器结构研究了反应器的构型、导流板与器壁间距对水力特性的影响。研究发现,反应器的流态介于推流式和完全混合式之间,带有导流板的反应器推流程度更大一些,而底部有孔的反应器推流程度弱,反应器的水力死区较小,均小于20%;导流板与器壁间距为8 mm时最佳。  相似文献   

6.
新型厌氧处理工艺—厌氧折流板反应器   总被引:17,自引:0,他引:17  
沈耀良 《重庆环境科学》1994,16(5):36-38,54
厌氧折流返反应器(ABR)是一种新型高效的厌氧处理工艺,适用于中,高浓度有机废水的处理,容积负荷达10-30kgCOD/m^3.d时,其COD去除率可达75-90%,该工艺具有构造简单,运行方便,效果稳定等优良特性。文中对该工艺的原理,性能及其主要应用进行了介绍。  相似文献   

7.
在9L、4格室的厌氧折流反应器(ABR)中,处理以葡萄糖为共基质的含硝基苯废水,温度为5~10℃,进水COD浓度为200-400mg/L,HRT为3h。结果表明ABR对有毒废水浓度变化的适应能力强,当进水硝基苯的浓度为0.48mg/L时,出水COD在21天恢复正常,运行稳定,反应器经硝基苯连续3天冲击(0.48mg/L)后,经历了原有微生物死亡、新微生物生长直到最终项级群落和稳定发酵类型的形成的过程。  相似文献   

8.
高效厌氧折流板反应器分区进水的启动实验   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
分区进水厌氧折流板反应器内设填料,以二沉池活性污泥接种挂膜培养厌氧酸化菌,反应器四个格室的进水比为4:3:2:1,以单侧进水ABR作比较。实验研究了在HRT=8h,有机负荷约为0.8kgCOD/m·3d,运行15d后,改变运行参数为HRT=4h,在条件相同的情况下,实验第23d后,分区进水ABR反应器的出水COD效果好于单侧进水。在运行60d时COD去除率平均保持在35%,可认为分区进水ABR的启动成功。  相似文献   

9.
文章概述了厌氧生物反应器的主要工艺类型及其技术特点,分析了不同类型厌氧生物反应器的优势和局限性。UASB反应器是开发较早且应用较成熟的厌氧反应器,EGSB反应器比UASB反应器具有更高的升流速度和耐冲击负荷能力,IC反应器的容积负荷可达到35~50 kgCOD/(m3.d)。从厌氧过程的工艺设计和运行控制角度出发,论述了厌氧系统启动和操作管理、厌氧颗粒污泥形成机理、三相分离器设计、生物抑制作用及新技术发展趋向等若干关键问题。  相似文献   

10.
螺旋对称流厌氧膜生物反应器的运行及优化   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
通过对螺旋对称流厌氧反应器(SSSAB)外置平板膜组件形成了螺旋对称流厌氧膜生物反应器(SSS-AnMBR).研究了SSS-AnMBR的启动阶段和有无沼气曝气时的运行性能,并建立了其设计与操作优化模型.在启动过程中,反应器内挥发性脂肪酸与碱度的比值为0.001~0.016,未发生酸化现象,后期反应器对化学需氧量(COD)的去除率稳定在90.27%~95.35%.有沼气曝气状态下SSS-An MBR的有机负荷和COD去除率分别为2.28 kg·m~(-3)·d~(-1)和98.24%,均高于无沼气曝气状态下的2.13 kg·m~(-3)·d~(-1)和97.58%,表明系统的污染物去除效能较好.有沼气曝气状态下膜组件的平均负荷、平均COD去除率和SSS-An MBR平均总COD去除率的CV值分别为21.98%、14.15%和0.78%,均低于无沼气曝气状态下的25.27%、21.98%和0.89%,表明该状态下系统稳定性较好.最后建立了厌氧反应器体积(V)、进水流量(Q)和进水COD(X)三者之间的数学模型:V/Q=HRT0/C_(inf)×η_(sss)(X-Cinf)+HRT_0,以及膜面积A与Q之间的数学模型:A=Q×C_(sss)×η_m/MLR,可指导同类型的厌氧膜生物反应器的设计和操作优化.  相似文献   

11.
The feasibility of using anaerobic baffled reactor(ABR)as onsite wastewater treatment system was discussed.The ABR consisted of one sedimentation chamber and three up-flow chambers in series was experimented under different peak flow factors(PFF of 1 to 6),superficial gas velocities(between 0.6 and 3.1 cm/hr)and hydraulic retention times(HRT)(24,36 and 48 hr).Residence time distribution(RTD)analyses were carried out to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the ABR.It was found that the PFF resulted in hydraulic dead space.The dead space did not exceed 13% at PFF of 1,2 and 4 while there was 2-fold increase(26%)at PFF of 6.Superficial gas velocities did not result in more(biological)dead space.The mixing pattern of ABR tended to be a completelymixed reactor when PFF increased.Superficial gas velocities did not affect mixing pattern.The effects of PFF on mixing pattern could be minimized by higher HRT(48 hr).The tank-in-series(TIS)model(N=4)was suitable to describe the hydraulic behaviour of the studied system.The HRT of 48 hr was able to maintain the mixing pattern under different flow patterns,introducing satisfactory hydraulic efficiency.Chemical oxygen demand(COD)and total suspended solids(TSS)removals under all flow patterns were achieved more than 85% and 90%,respectively.The standard deviation of effluent COD and TSS concentration did not exceed 15 mg/L.  相似文献   

12.
    
The feasibility of using anaerobic ba ed reactor (ABR) as onsite wastewater treatment system was discussed. The ABR consistedof one sedimentation chamber and three up-flow chambers in series was experimented under di erent peak flow factors (PFF of 1to 6), superficial gas velocities (between 0.6 and 3.1 cm/hr) and hydraulic retention times (HRT) (24, 36 and 48 hr). Residence timedistribution (RTD) analyses were carried out to investigate the hydraulic characteristics of the ABR. It was found that the PFF resultedin hydraulic dead space. The dead space did not exceed 13% at PFF of 1, 2 and 4 while there was 2-fold increase (26%) at PFF of6. Superficial gas velocities did not result in more (biological) dead space. The mixing pattern of ABR tended to be a completelymixedreactor when PFF increased. Superficial gas velocities did not a ect mixing pattern. The e ects of PFF on mixing pattern couldbe minimized by higher HRT (48 hr). The tank-in-series (TIS) model (N = 4) was suitable to describe the hydraulic behaviour ofthe studied system. The HRT of 48 hr was able to maintain the mixing pattern under di erent flow patterns, introducing satisfactoryhydraulic e ciency. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total suspended solids (TSS) removals under all flow patterns were achievedmore than 85% and 90%, respectively. The standard deviation of e uent COD and TSS concentration did not exceed 15 mg/L.  相似文献   

13.
  总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
Periodic anaerobic baffled reactor (PABR) is a novel reactor based on the design concept of anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR). Residence time distribution (RTD) studies on both clean and working reactors at the same hydraulic residence time (HRT) of 2 d were carried out to investigate the dead spaces and mixing patterns in PABRs at different organic loading rates (OLRs) in various switching manners and frequencies.The results showed that the fraction of dead space in PABR was similar to that in ABR,which was low in comparison with other reactor designs.Dead space may be divided into two categories,hydraulic and biological.In RTD studies without biomass,the hydraulic dead space in the PABR run in an\"every second\"switching manner with T=2 d was the lowest whereas that in the PABR run in a T=∞(ABR) switching manner was the highest.The same trend was obtained with the total dead space in RTD studies with biomass no matter what the OLR was.Biological dead space was the major contributor to dead space but affected decreasingly at higher OLR whichever switching manner the PABR run in.The flow patterns within the PABRs were intermediate between plug-flow and perfectly mixed under all the conditions tested.  相似文献   

14.
利用厌氧反应器与好氧MBR组合工艺处理印染废水,探讨了水力停留时间(HRT)对其处理效果的影响.结果表明,在溶解氧(DO)浓度为1.8~2.6mg/L的条件下,HRT为7.5、4.5和2.5h时,反应器对COD的去除效率分别为88.7%~96.5%、87.3%~97.2%和81%~92%,出水COD的浓度分别为78.9~51.2,81.6~50.8,93.4~65.8mg/L.试验同时考察了不同HRT条件下,活性污泥浓度(MLSS)对COD去除率的影响.结果表明,在试验条件下,本工艺中一体化膜生物反应器中最佳污泥浓度应控制在6500mg/左右.  相似文献   

15.
旋流折板厌氧反应器处理城市污水试验研究   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
为了探讨高效低耗的城市污水处理技术,对厌氧反应器处理城市污水进行了试验研究。试验结果表明:设有回流装置的异波折板穿孔旋流厌氧反应器对COD的去除率高于不设回流装置的异波折板跳跃式厌氧反应器10%以上;通过使出水回流到第5室,回流比为100%时,COD平均去除率为52%;通过调节第3、7室的pH值,可以抑制反应器内有机酸的积累,使出水COD的去除率可达70%。  相似文献   

16.
厌氧氨氧化反应器微生态的研究   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
秦玉洁  周少奇  朱明石 《环境科学》2008,29(6):1638-1643
运用显微技术、常规的分离纯化和分子生物技术的方法研究了厌氧氨氧化系统中微生物群落结构和多样性.在实验室条件下,上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)反应器和UASB生物膜反应器在无机和黑暗的条件下成功富集了厌氧氨氧化菌,在适宜的温度30-34℃和pH7~8条件下,氨氮和亚硝酸盐氮在UASB反应器的去除率分别为99.99%和99.9%,在UASB生物膜反应器的去除率分别为99.3%和97.4%.通过传统的鉴定方法分析了该系统中的细菌、真菌和放线菌,表明2套反应器中微生物类群基本一致,都以厌氧或缺氧的细菌为主,大部分微生物在污泥中浓度很低.电镜观察发现优势菌是大小为(0.6~0.8)μm × (0.9~1.2)μm的椭圆形菌,占菌群的90%以上.变性梯度凝胶电泳技术(DGGE)和16SrDNA片段的酶切表明该系统只有1种优势的微生物,微生物多样性不高.  相似文献   

17.
In this study, ultrasound was used to control the membrane fouling online in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AMBR). Short-term running experiments were carried out under different operating conditions to explore feasible ultrasonic parameters. The experimental results indicated that when the crossflow velocity was more than 1.0 m/s, membrane fouling could be controlled effectively only by hydrodynamic methods without ultrasound. When ultrasound was applied, an ultrasonic power range of 60–150 W was suitable for the membrane fouling control in the experimental system. The experimental results showed that the membrane fouling was controlled so well that membrane filtration resistance (ΣR) could stay at 5 × 1011 m−1 for more than a week with the crossflow velocity of 0.75 m/s, which equaled the effect of crossflow velocity of more than 1.0 m/s without ultrasound. Translated from Techniques and Equipment for Environmental Pollution Control, 2006, 7(4): 25–29 [译自: 环境污染治理技术与设备]  相似文献   

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