生活垃圾焚烧发电技术工程应用

焚烧发电作为生活垃圾处理的主推技术,具有先进环保、省地节能等特点。以武汉市千子山循环经济产业园生活垃圾焚烧发电项目为例,详细阐述了生活垃圾焚烧发电项目各单元的工艺及设备设计情况,并分析了生活垃圾焚烧发电项目与循环经济产业园协同关系。     

小城市生活垃圾焚烧发电技术的选取及市场分析

针对城镇常住人口30万人以下的小城市面临的生活垃圾污染问题,对比分析了3种垃圾焚烧发电技术,得出热解气化焚烧发电技术更适合小城市生活垃圾处理,并对小城市生活垃圾焚烧发电市场进行分析,为行业内或有意进入该行业的相关企业提供参考。     

利用垃圾焚烧发电技术与环境污染防控措施

大连利用生活垃圾焚烧发电,在消除污染的同时发展新能源,促进循环经济发展,具有较好的社会、环境和经济效益。简要介绍垃圾焚烧原理、工艺流程和技术特点,二恶英类污染物预防控制措施,以及焚烧灰渣无害化处理处置措施等,与国内同行交流、借鉴。     

我国城市生活垃圾焚烧发电市场现状及前景

焚烧发电势必成为我国城市生活垃圾处理的主流技术,分析了我国城市生活垃圾焚烧发电的市场现状及未来市场规模,为行业内或有意进入该行业的相关企业提供参考。     

城市生活垃圾处理现状、趋势及对策建议

通过对垃圾处理方法的全面对比以及对国内外垃圾处理现状和趋势分析,垃圾焚烧发电必将成为中国特别是人多地少的发达地区未来垃圾处理的主要方式.为最大程度地防止二次污染、避免环境纠纷,从完善相关法规、强化环评管理和日常监督管理等方面提出垃圾焚烧及发电项目控制污染的相关对策和建议.     

欧洲建造小型垃圾焚烧发电设施的驱动因素和障碍

旨在从政策、成本、能源销售、地理、燃料供应、公众接受度、技术等7个方面进行梳理,分析了欧洲国家建造小型垃圾焚烧发电设施时的驱动因素与障碍。欧盟指令、填埋税、财政激励等政策鼓励了垃圾焚烧发电设施的发展,能源销售获得收益、地理距离较近、满负荷运行所需燃料较少、公众接受更容易是小型设施的优势。另一方面,规模经济小导致垃圾进场费高,与大型设施形成竞争时不具优势,是建造小型设施时的主要障碍。     

浅谈上海地区生活垃圾的能源化利用

1 前言 城市生活垃圾属废弃物的再利用范畴,不仅可作为再生物质的原料,而且还可作为能源.利用垃圾焚烧方式回收其能量的垃圾处理技术在近20年得到迅速发展,美国、日本等发达国家已开始大量应用,并产生了良好的环保效益和经济效益,此外,这些发达国家还利用无机垃圾制RDF(垃圾衍生燃料),利用废塑料制汽油,利用有机垃圾制取甲烷,这些制取能源的方法被认为是我国处理城市生活垃圾的一个重要方向.深圳市1988年投产了从日本引进的两台三菱马丁式垃圾焚烧炉,日处理垃圾150吨/台,发电装机容量为3000千瓦,开我国焚烧工艺处理垃圾并利用余热发电的先河.预计到2010年,各地将建有各类垃圾能源工厂150～200座.     

钢铁企业发展垃圾发电大有可为

重庆钢铁集团公司充分发挥自身优势,转变观念,开拓创新,引进世界一流技术,掌握垃圾焚烧发电技术,建成全国最大的垃圾焚烧炉制造基地,取得良好的经济效益和社会效益,为发展循环经济,建立资源节约型和环境友好型的生态文明社会作出积极贡献。     

垃圾焚烧发电项目主要环境问题及应对措施

从项目选址、垃圾贮存、焚烧及灰渣处置等方面探讨垃圾焚烧发电项目需注意的主要环境问题,并提出相应的防治措施和建议.     

生活垃圾焚烧发电项目的竣工环保验收

根据生活垃圾焚烧发电项目的特点,归纳了此类项目环境保护验收工作的法规依据、验收程序和重点内容,并提出了相应的污染防治措施。     

日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣的资源化利用

日本生活垃圾的焚烧率高达80％,对焚烧灰渣的处理也比较先进,其资源化利用方式主要有在熔融设施进行熔融处理后制成熔融灰渣、作为水泥原料及路基材料等.介绍了日本生活垃圾焚烧灰渣的产生及资源化利用情况,以期对我国处理焚烧灰渣有所借鉴.     

乡镇垃圾分类循环利用现状——以闽侯县上街镇为例

由于我国乡镇经济的迅速发展以及乡镇村民生活水平加速提高,乡镇的垃圾种类及数量趋向于城市.乡镇村民居住较为分散,垃圾分类、收集、循环利用相较于城市困难,因此推进乡镇垃圾分类循环利用迫在眉睫.本文从闽侯县上街镇展开调查,以乡镇垃圾分类、回收循环利用为关键词展开分析,并从上街镇垃圾分类循环利用模式存在的问题进行分析、总结和建...     

建设新型垃圾分类回收体系实现垃圾资源化循环利用

大连在全国率先创建新型垃圾分类回收体系,实现垃圾分类回收资源化利用,垃圾处理达到无害化、资源化和减量化的目标,具有较好的社会、经济和环境效益,同时也大力推进了大连垃圾废物资源化利用,促进了垃圾处理产业化和循环经济发展进程。     

Economic assessment and energy model scenarios of municipal solid waste incineration and gas turbine hybrid dual-fueled cycles in Thailand

Finding environmentally benign methods related to sound municipal solid waste (MSW) management is of highest priority in Southeast Asia. It is very important to study new approaches which can reduce waste generation and simultaneously enhance energy recovery. One concrete example of particular significance is the concept of hybrid dual-fuel power plants featuring MSW and another high-quality fuel like natural gas. The hybrid dual-fuel cycles provide significantly higher electrical efficiencies than a composite of separate single-fuel power plant (standalone gas turbine combined cycle and MSW incineration). Although hybrid versions are of great importance for energy conversion from MSW, an economic assessment of these systems must be addressed for a realistic appraisal of these technologies. This paper aims to further examine an economic assessment and energy model analysis of different conversion technologies. Energy models are developed to further refine the expected potential of MSW incineration with regards to energy recovery and environmental issues. Results show that MSW incineration can play role for greenhouse gas reduction, energy recovery and waste management. In Bangkok, the electric power production via conventional incineration and hybrid power plants can cover 2.5% and 8% of total electricity consumption, respectively. The hybrid power plants have a relative short payback period (5 years) and can further reduce the CO₂ levels by 3% in comparison with current thermal power plants.     

北京垃圾分类工作现存问题与对策建议

《北京市生活垃圾管理条例》实施以来,北京垃圾分类工作取得"六升两降"八项成效.基于现阶段北京垃圾分类工作推进情况与存在的痛点、难点问题,提出通过购买第三方服务、借助科技手段与工具、多种渠道多种方式相结合、建立长效监督评价机制等方式,为顺利推进北京垃圾分类工作提供参考.     

以回收利甩标准破解“垃圾围城”

生活垃圾处理已经成为各城市面临的难题。在已有研究基础上分析了城市垃圾分类收集存在的严重问题和影响居民实施垃圾分类的关键因素,概述了现有的垃圾分类收集标准和废弃产品回收利用标准内容,最后提出加强实施相关标准、促进垃圾分类收集的建议。     

大连实施垃圾分类回收积极推进垃圾资源再生利用产业化

大连在全国率先创建新型垃圾分类回收体系,实现废旧物资回收与垃圾分类回收在同一个垃圾分类回收站内完成,有利于各类废物资源集中收集、分类回收、资源化利用或处理,彻底改革了我国传统落后的废旧物资回收与垃圾收集处理方式,为废旧物资与垃圾资源再生与循环利用提供了保障条件,也为垃圾处理产业化奠定了坚实的基础。     

Change in MSW characteristics under recent management strategies in Taiwan

Reduction and recycling initiatives such as producer responsibility and pay-as-you-throw are being implemented in Taiwan. This paper presents a study assessing the impact of recently implemented municipal solid waste (MSW) reduction and recycling management strategies on the characteristics of waste feedstock for incineration in Taiwan. Through the periodic sampling of two typical MSW incineration plants, proximate and ultimate analyses were conducted according to standard methods to explore the influence of MSW reduction and recycling management strategies on incineration feed waste characteristics. It was observed that the annual amount of MSW generated in 2005 decreased by about 10% compared to 2003 and that the characteristics of MSW have changed significantly due to recent management strategies. The heating value of the MSW generated in Taiwan increased yearly by about 5% after program implementation. A comparison of the monthly variations in chemical concentrations indicated that the chlorine content in MSW has changed. This change results from usage reduction of PVC plastic due to the recycling fund management (RFM) program, and the food waste as well as salt content reduction due to the total recycling for kitchen garbage program. This achievement will improve the reduction of dioxin emissions from MSW incineration. In summary, management strategies must be conducted in tandem with the global trend to achieve a zero-waste-discharge country. When implementing these strategies and planning for future MSW management systems, it is important to consider the changes that may occur in the composition and characteristics of MSW over time.     

Energy recovery from solid waste fuels using advanced gasification technology

Since the mid-1980s, TPS Termiska Processer AB has been working on the development of an atmospheric-pressure gasification process. A major aim at the start of this work was the generation of fuel gas from indigenous fuels to Sweden (i.e. biomass). As the economic climate changed and awareness of the damage to the environment caused by the use of fossil fuels in power generation equipment increased, the aim of the development work at TPS was changed to applying the process to heat and power generation from feedstocks such as biomass and solid wastes. Compared with modern waste incineration with heat recovery, the gasification process will permit an increase in electricity output of up to 50%. The gasification process being developed is based on an atmospheric-pressure circulating fluidised bed gasifier coupled to a tar-cracking vessel. The gas produced from this process is then cooled and cleaned in conventional equipment. The energy-rich gas produced is clean enough to be fired in a gas boiler (and, in the longer term, in an engine or gas turbine) without requiring extensive flue gas cleaning, as is normally required in conventional waste incineration plants. Producing clean fuel gas in this manner, which facilitates the use of efficient gas-fired boilers, means that overall plant electrical efficiencies of close to 30% can be achieved. TPS has performed a considerable amount of pilot plant testing on waste fuels in their gasification/gas cleaning pilot plant in Sweden. Two gasifiers of TPS design have been in operation in Grève-in-Chianti, Italy since 1992. This plant processes 200 tonnes of RDF (refuse-derived fuel) per day. It is planned that the complete TPS gasification process (including the complete fuel gas cleaning system) be demonstrated in several gas turbine-based biomass-fuelled power generating plants in different parts of the world. It is the aim of TPS to prove, at commercial scale, the technical feasibility and economic advantages of the gasification process when it is applied to solid waste fuels. This aim shall be achieved, in the short-term, by employing the cold clean product gas in a gas boiler and, in the longer-term, by firing the gas in engines and gas turbines. A study for a 90 MWth waste-fuelled co-generation plant in Sweden has shown that, already today, gasification of solid waste can compete economically with conventional incineration technologies.