河北省资源文明城市社区建设对策研究

本文针对河北省资源文明城市、社区建设的经济社会背景以及省辖主要城市的社会经济和资源状况,研究了资源文明城市、资源文明社区的建设和限制因素,概述了能源和矿产资源型、港址资源型、人文旅游资源型城市以及白洋淀水乡社区和西柏坡革命纪念地社区的总体规划方案,提出了资源文明城市和资源文明社区建设的基本对策。     

浙江省水运资源现状及其利用建议

水运资源主要包括航道和港口。介绍了杭州、嘉兴、湖州、宁波等主要航区的内河航道现状,分析了浙江省域范围内河口港、海岸港和海岛港3种类型港口的分布情况,以及浙江北部、中部和南部主要港口情况。根据浙江省水运资源的现状,总结归纳了其优缺点。最后,从大水运的角度,提出了合理利用水运资源的建议。     

河口港城腹地空间格局研究——以南通市为例

河口港城通常位于与其临近的江、海两类港城交汇处,描述了河口港城区位的特殊模式,界定了河口港城远域和近域腹地的类型划分,认为近域腹地在机制上是接受港城共同辐射所形成的。以长江典型河口港城南通及其港城体系为研究对象,建立港城潜能模型,借助GIS空间分析手段,研究其近域腹地的空间格局。结果表明,河口港城形似半岛区位,造成直接腹地局促、交叉腹地复杂的特殊局面,极易受相邻江海港城的空间竞争,区域效应较难凸显。因此,河口港城只有与临近江海港城形成较大的发展梯度,才能充分发挥区域的辐射效应。     

大蒲河口表层沉积物中重金属污染特征

通过综合分析研究得到了7种重金属元素在大蒲河口海域的分布特征,并依据海洋沉积物质量标准对各种重金属元素的质量等级进行了评价。结果表明:大蒲河口海域沉积物中各种重金属元素的分布特征存在一定的相似性;调查区大部分区域重金属元素的污染程度属于清洁、较清洁级或允许级,只有元素铅(Pb)存在较小范围的轻污染。     

基于相对资源承载力的可持续发展问题研究——以河北省为例

采用相对资源承载力的研究思路与计算方法,分别计算出1996—2005年河北省土地资源、经济资源的相对承载力和综合承载力,并分析了其动态变化过程。研究表明:①河北省综合承载力一直处于超载状态,经济资源承载力于2004年后呈现富余状态,经济资源成为河北省的主要承载资源;②与环渤海的其它4省市相比,相对土地资源承载力处于富余状态,相对经济资源承载力处于超载状态;③河北省内11个地市相对资源承载力存在着地区差异。通过河北省相对承载力方面的研究,提出了河北省实现可持续发展的对策与建议。     

株洲市清水塘工业区地表水底泥重金属污染评价

对株洲市清水塘工业区地表水底泥重金属含量进行了检测,并采用地积累指数法进行了评价.结果表明,该区底泥受到重金属极强污染,各溪港污染程度为老霞湾港铜塘港>霞湾港,各元素污染程度为CAHgPbAs;霞湾港由于底泥量最大,其重金属含量最大,Cd、Hg、Pb、As分别占总量的69.45%、80.62%、66.46%和86.56%;霞湾港中污水厂～河口段重金属含量最大,CA、Hg、Pb、As分别占该港总量的98.50%、56.06%、18.14%和52.09%.     

河北将在京津周围建成23个湿地保护区

<正>环绕京津的河北省近年来加大了对湿地的保护力度,到2015年,河北将在京津周围共建成23个湿地自然保护区。近年来,京津周围地区的滦河河口、衡水湖、白洋淀、北戴河沿海等湿地均得到有效保护。目前,衡水湖和昌黎黄金海岸已建成国家级湿地类型保护区,南大     

河北省农村土地流转与农村养老现状的实证研究

农村养老体系的有效建立,离不开农村最重要的土地资源,如何利用农村土地来优化农村养老体系,提升养老质量,就显得尤为重要。针对这一课题,笔者通过河北省农村基层建设年活动,对河北省不同县市的10个村500个农户进行了调查,查找农村土地流转和农村养老面临的问题和困境,并针对当前农村养老体系不健全,新旧养老保障模式衔接不畅和农村土地流转水平低下、流转形式单一的现状,提出农村土地制度的改革要为农村养老提供资金支持,要为新旧农村养老保障体系的转变提供便利的宏观建议。     

基于RS和GIS的河北省生物丰度和植被覆盖度归一化系数研究

利用河北省生态环境十年变化(2000—2010)遥感调查与评估项目2010年土地利用类型数据,计算河北省2010年省级生物丰度和植被覆盖指数归一化系数,并对各县市的归一化系数进行分析和研究,绘制2010年河北省生物丰度和植被覆盖指数等级图,清晰反映出全省的区域分布特征,为河北省生态环境影响评价研究提供技术支撑。     

森林旅游资源开发潜力定量评价研究--以武汉市为例

森林旅游资源定量评价是为发展森林旅游提供更为可靠的依据。研究了森林旅游资源开发潜力的定量方法，对武汉市森林旅游资源开发潜力进行了定量评价，得出了武汉市森林旅游资源的质量等级，为森林旅游的开发提供了可靠的依据。     

Impact of 100-Year Human Interventions on the Deltaic Coastal Zone of the Inner Thermaikos Gulf (Greece): A DPSIR Framework Analysis

The Axios River delta and the Inner Thermaikos Gulf coastal zone have experienced a long period of human interventions during the past 100 years. A post-evaluation of long run coastal zone changes under the Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Response (DPSIR) conceptual framework is presented. The DPSIR approach is then used to project out into possible futures in order to connect with policy and management options proposed for the improvement of the current conditions and the achievement of sustainable development, in the coastal zone. Socio-economic driving forces with their origins in the end of the 19^th century have generated numerous pressures in the coastal environment that changed the state of the environment. In the first part of the last century, there was no coupling between change of state and policy. Due to increasing environmental awareness, a coupling became more apparent over the last thirty years. Human interventions include river route realignment, extensive drainage of the plains, irrigation network, roads and dam constructions. The consequences were positive for the economic development of the area, human health, and navigation for the port of Thessaloniki. In contrast, the manipulation and over-use of natural resources has led to a reduction of wetlands, biodiversity loss, stress on freshwater supplies, and subsidence of coastal areas, aquifer salinization, and rapid coastal erosion. Three plausible future scenarios are utilised in order to investigate the implications of this environmental change process and possible socio-economic consequences.     

沿海经济低谷区港口、城镇、产业联动发展研究述评

沿海地区港口、城镇、产业间有着息息相关的依存关系,三者联动发展的程度直接影响着沿海地区经济的发展.从港口区位、港口功能、港口与城镇空间联系、滨水区及海岸带开发的视角梳理了国外相关研究成果,从联动发展的理论和实证研究方面对国内大量文献进行了总结,并对未来的研究趋势进行评论与展望.     

Flood problems in Bangladesh: Is there an indigenous solution?

Bangladesh, situated on the delta of the Ganges, the Brahmaputra, and the Meghna rivers, experiences two distinct types of inundations: (a) river floods resulting from excessive runoff contributed by monsoon precipitation and (b) coastal floods induced by storm surges of tropical cyclones. The river floods are normal annual events and human settlements and agricultural practices have adapted admirably well to their regimes. Abnormal floods that occur once in every few years cause serious damage to crops and properties. To minimize flood losses, a number of modern engineering projects have been constructed within Bangladesh. However, the successful solution of the problem would probably require some international collaboration for basinwide unified systems planning, since large parts of the drainage basins of Bangladesh lie beyond its borders. In the absence of such collaboration, internal resources should be utilized for the construction of smaller public projects, such aspolders, and for encouraging and reinforcing various types of indigenous adjustments to floods. There are very few successful indigenous adjustments to coastal floods. Most of the structural solutions, such as community shelters and higher embankments, are expensive public projects that are probably beyond the means of the internal resources of the country.     

辽宁港口分区域整合道路探索

辽宁省沿海港口群是环渤海港口群中重要的集群力量,但近年在发展过程中出现了重复建设、功能定位不明确和竞争无序等问题.针对这些问题,从辽宁港口整合的必要性,整合的方式、途径、重点等方面论述了辽宁港口整合道路的一般性选择,重点提出分区域渐进性整合策略.     

基于DEA方法的辽宁省港口城市经济发展有效性评价

港口经济对国民经济有着巨大的推动作用.应用数据包络分析方法(DEA)对辽宁省4个主要沿海港口城市大连、营口、丹东、锦州2000-2009年港口和城市经济发展水平进行有效性评价,分析其评价结果.结果表明,辽宁省港口城市经济发展,城市经济生产率退步,而港口经济略有进步;城市经济和港口经济均显现无效性,但城市经济效率略高于港口经济.在趋势方面,城市经济发展呈现暂时退步情况,港口经济则有上升趋势.     

盘锦近岸海域无机氮污染因子削减与预测

通过盘锦海域的海水质量和水文分析,建立盘锦海域潮流场模型。在不同输入条件下,利用潮流场模型对近岸海域的无机氮污染物含量变化响应进行模拟,得出3条河流(辽河、大辽河和大凌河)无机氮削减值,在此条件下可实现近岸海域无机氮达标要求。     

基于AHP的山东省沿海城市港口运输业发展比较

针对山东省7大沿海城市港口运输业的发展概况,运用层次分析法(AHP)对全省沿海7个城市港口运输业的发展现状进行比较,在给出各城市港口运输业竞争力排名的同时,分析各市港口运输业发展的优劣势及未来发展趋势和发展方向,并对山东省港口运输业的未来发展提出了合理化对策与建议。     

Spatial and Temporal Effects of Port Facilities Expansion on the Surface Area of Shallow Coral Reefs

There is a close relationship between ports and reef areas, mainly because reefs provide protection to vessels against extreme weather events like storms and hurricanes. This historical relationship has generated severe impacts on reef ecosystems. In order to identify the main impacts from the construction of port facilities in shallow coral reef areas, we analyzed and described the effects of land reclamation and coastal structure construction associated to port growth throughout a century in the Sistema Arrecifal Veracruzano National Park, Mexico. We used aerial photographs and maps of the nineteenth and early twentieth century to assess the impacts caused by port expansion activities on shallow coral reefs. Three types of impacts were identified: (a) direct reef area loss caused by landfills and perpendicular coastal structures construction leading to the loss of nearly 50 % of the fringing reef near to the port; (b) fragmentation in short- and medium-term scale, which affects two fringing reefs, and (c) long-term modification of coastal dynamics leading to sedimentation and loss of a complete reef area. On the eve of a new expansion of Veracruz Port, we used the New Port Project Plan, long-shore net drift geomorphic indicators and the port impact typology from the 100-year period assessment to evaluate a possible future scenario. The scenario describes how the new expansion project will repeat the three types of impacts affecting a whole reef area, which is currently part of the National Park.     

Resources development or instream protection? The case of Queensland,Australia

Summary In Queensland, Australia, instream resources planning ranges from "fragmentary" to overlooked. But the State of Queensland, with engineer dominant water management, is only a little behind some other Australian States and Western countries in evaluating the environmental uses and values of river systems. Management is pragmatic about its abundant water endowment! Highly contrasting biophysical environments, from arid to tropical rainforest, as well as a dominance of ephemeral river systems should not preclude instream assessment. The new coastal $A430 million, Burdekin Falls Dam, the "1800's dream" has radically altered that river and delta region for economically amorphous agricultural purposes and, seemingly, to encourage crocodiles to recreate. In comparison, the "urbanised" Brisbane River is the focus of southern state water use competition issues such as flooding, eutrophication, turbidity, public access, preservation of river islands, sand and gravel mining, and recreation. A veritable host of river related management authorities preside!Dr Diana Day is trained as a fluvial geomorphologist and a water policy analyst. Her research has focused on natural resources management especially related to water and soil/land assets. Dr Day is an editor of the newAustralian Journal of Soil and Water Conservation. Her many publications include a recent book entitledWater and Coal -Industry, Environment and Institutions in the Hunter Valley, N.S.W., published by The Australian National University, Canberra, where until recently she was a Research Fellow. Dr Day is currently a Water Planner in the public sector.