共查询到17条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
石油污染土壤原位生物修复的强化实验研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
为研究添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤生物修复的作用,通过分层土柱的方法,连续监测了不同条件下不同土层的含水率、石油烃含量、细菌数量及脱氢酶活性。结果表明:添加营养物质同时接种高效微生物可使降解效果明显改善,降解率比在自然条件下提高近50%,而单纯添加营养物质不接种高效微生物可使降解率比在自然条件下提高约25%。降解初期,上层土壤降解效果较好,而到中后期,中下层降解效果好于上层。微生物数量和脱氢酶活性与石油降解率之间存在良好的相关性,脱氢酶活性比微生物数量更能反映修复过程中微生物的存活状态。添加营养物质和高效降解石油微生物对油污土壤原位生物修复具有强化作用。 相似文献
8.
基于分光光度法研究了醋酸钠和次氯酸钠对高铁酸钾溶液稳定性的影响。对于1 mmol/L的高铁酸钾溶液,在25℃和pH值12的环境中,醋酸钠能提高其稳定性,当醋酸钠浓度达到10 mmol/L时,高铁酸钾的稳定性最好,静置10h高铁酸钾的留存率约79%;为验证醋酸钠在高铁酸钾分解有机物的反应中是否仍具有稳定高铁酸钾的作用,以降解苯酚为例,当醋酸钠与高铁酸钾摩尔比为5:1时,苯酚的降解率达到最高值88.9%。次氯酸钠对高铁酸钾的稳定性影响实验结果显示,次氯酸钠可以提高高铁酸钾稳定性,次氯酸钠耗尽前,高铁酸钾留存率接近100%。 相似文献
9.
10.
固定化真菌漆酶对分散兰-2BLN的脱色和降解 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用改良壳聚糖固定化的真菌漆酶对染料分散兰-2BLN进行脱色和降解条件的研究,探索了固定化漆酶活力、处理时间、染料浓度、温度和pH对其降解效果的影响。结果表明,固定化漆酶脱色降解分散兰-2BLN的适宜条件为:固定化漆酶活力18.2U/mL,染料浓度100mg/L,温度40℃,pH4.6,在上述条件下降解1.5h,分散兰-2BLN脱色率能达到87.68%。重复分批使用固定化漆酶处理2BLN兰,在使用6批次后,脱色率仍能保持在55%以上,其催化效率得到了较大提高。 相似文献
11.
Ashish Mohod Priscila H. Palharim Bruno Ramos Paulo F. Moreira Antonio Carlos S. C. Teixeira Reinaldo Giudici 《环境质量管理》2023,33(1):377-391
Hydrodynamic cavitation (HC)-based treatments have been proposed for the degradation of phenol as a toxic pollutant. The present work aimed to optimize the degradation of phenol using HC by means of Doehlert experimental design, which has not been previously addressed. Initially, operational parameters of hydraulic characteristics of the pump, inlet pressure, solution pH, and initial concentration were optimized; later, the effects of pH solution and H2O2 loading or initial pollutant concentration on phenol degradation were explored using the Doehlert experimental design. It was observed that phenol degradation is strongly dependent on the pH of the solution. Also, the acidic condition favors the formation of hydroxyl radicals and thus, the degradation of phenol. Based on the Doehlert matrix, the 94.1% phenol degradation and 68.60% total organic carbon (TOC) were obtained in 180 min at 304.5 mg/L of hydrogen peroxide at an initial concentration of 20 mg/L, 2.0 pH, and 90 psi inlet pressure, providing a cavitational yield of 6.33 × 10−6 mg/J and minimum treatment cost of US$/L 0.13. Overall, it has been observed that HC can be a promising route for the removal of pollutants (phenol) effectively using hydrogen peroxide as an additive. 相似文献
12.
13.
炼厂酸性汽提净化水中酚含量高,限制了汽提净化水回用效率,需进行脱酚处理。本研究采用煤油、span-80、液体石蜡、磷酸三丁酯和NaOH构建乳化液膜,探究其对酸性水汽提净化水的脱酚效率。运用以响应曲面法(RSM)为依据的Box-Behnken设计,以span-80投加量、液体石蜡投加量、油相/内相比和制乳转速为影响因素,建立了汽提净化水中苯酚去除率的二次回归预测模型,并优化了处理条件。结果表明,液体石蜡投加量对苯酚去除率的影响最为显著,其次是span-80投加量。通过RSM分析得到汽提净化水脱酚的最佳实验条件为:span-80投加量2wt%,液体石蜡投加量15%v/v,油内比为1:1,制乳转速取6000r/min,此时苯酚去除率为98.65%。反应后的液膜易于破乳,破乳率达98.33%,且回收油相可循环利用,从而大大节约成本实现资源化。 相似文献
14.
Photocatalytic degradation of phenol on different phases of TiO2 particles was examined under 400-W UV irradiation. The effects of various operating parameters including TiO2 dosage, solution pH (4–10), and initial phenol concentration (0.13–1.05 mM) on phenol degradation were investigated. Three forms of TiO2 photocatalysts such as pure anatase phase, pure rutile phase, and the mixed phase were prepared by sol-gel method and followed annealing at different temperatures. The annealing temperature used were 500 °C, 700 °C and 900 °C for pure anatase phase, the mixed phase, and pure rutile phase, respectively. It was shown that pure anatase TiO2 exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than the physical mixture of pure anatase and rutile TiO2. Moreover, the TiO2 particle with a specific fraction of mixed anatase and rutile phases exhibited better performance than pure anatase TiO2. Finally, the degradation rate could be satisfactorily fitted by a pseudo-first-order kinetic model. 相似文献
15.
16.
This work describes TCE biotic removal in a single-pulse bioreactor under aerobic conditions. Activated sludge from a wastewater-treatment plant was used for inoculation of the cultivator. The experiment focused on a more detailed verification of microbial composition of mixed heterotrophic culture during pulsed phenol dosage. Attention was given to suppressing eucaryotic organisms, particularly yeasts and fungi, by the addition of cycloheximide. The TCE-removal capacity of the heterotrophic culture, described by kinetic tests, was dependent on pulsed phenol injection and on cyclic addition of phenol and TCE. Maximum TCE degradation was determined in a batch test. It was found that the addition of cycloheximide (an antibiotic against propagation and growth of fungi and yeast) increased the TCE degradation activity of the mixed microbial suspension. A certain residual amount of TCE remained in some of the experiments. 相似文献
17.
碱渣缓和湿式氧化处理工艺的工业应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在碱精制过程中,会产生高污染物含量的碱渣,其中COD、硫化物和酚的排放量占炼油厂污染物排放量的20%~70%。它不仅是炼油厂的主要恶臭污染源,而且还直接影响了污水处理设施的正常运转和污水处理合格率。为了解决这一难题,抚顺石油化工研究院结合我国国情,针对碱渣的特性、开发了缓和湿式氧化工艺,并在上海、安庆、大庆、湛江及长岭等石化企业推广应用,取得了满意的效果。实践表明:采用缓和湿式氧化工艺处理碱渣可使其中的硫化物含量小于5mg/L,同时降低COD和酚的含量。 相似文献