环境保护的哲学思考

阐述了环境工作的哲学属性，对所谓环境工作(包括环保工作)认为就是遵循客观规律，主要是自然规律和市场经济规律，综合运用行政的、经济的、法律的、教育的、技术的等手段，主要是运用经济的和法律的手段，调节环境与发展之间的关系，促使其间的矛盾由“两难”向“双赢”转化，不断在更高层次上寻求环境与发展的相对统一，为环境和经济、社会的可持续发展作出贡献。     

环境评估机构市场化运行发展趋势展望

在对评估工作的过去和现状进行回顾的基础上，对评估工作的市场化和拓展评估领域进行了分析和展望，以使评估工作发挥更大的作用，更好地为环境管理工作服务。     

理清思路,明确重点,加强环境保护宏观管理

自改革开放以来，浙江省的环境保护工作取得了很大的进展，工业污染得到一定程度的控制，城市环境综合整治效果显著，自然生态环境保护获得较快发展，环境科技和环保产业初具规模，国际合作初见成效，环境管理体系初步建成。但是，浙江省人多地少资源贫乏，环境污染形势仍不容乐观，生态破坏现状仍比较严重。学习贯彻十五大精神，把浙江省的环境保护工作推向21世纪，任重而道远。1理清思路适应新形势江泽民总书记在十五大报告中正确地分析了我国国情，强调在现代化建设中必须实施可持续发展战略，坚持环境保护的基本国策，正确处理经济发展…     

国家环保总局发出紧急通知开展全国环境安全大检查

12月8日国家环保总局发出紧急通知，决定从即日起到2006年1月30日在全国范围内开展环境安全大检查。通知要求各地环保部门切实加强环境安全监管工作，落实全国环保系统进一步加强环境监管严防发生污染事故电视电话会议精神，严格按照国家环保总局近日发出的《关于进一步加强环境监督管理严防发生污染事故的紧急通知》要求，督促相关单位对可能出现的环境隐患采取预防措施，完善相应预案，严把新上项目环境影响评价关，确保人民群众环境安全。     

排污收费存在的问题及其对策

排污收费是国家环境管理的重要经济手段，具有强制性。作者着重论述了现行排污收费中存在的问题，分析了主要原因，并结合环境监察工作实际，提出了相关的对策和建议。     

环境建设与环境投资

本文要讨论要很好贯彻经济与环境协调发展的方针，使经济、城乡和环境建设同步进行，必须在环境影响评价报告中列有环境投资。环境投资可按拟建工程对环境影响主要对象、主要影响地区及其可能影响和关键环境问题进行估算。环境措施得以实现，须贯彻“三同时”制度。“三同时”制度能顺利贯彻，须将环境投资列入工程投资总预算中。长江三峡利枢纽工程生态和环境影响评价工作，在环境投资上创造了先例，并列入总预算中。有些措施正超前     

运用现代化监控网络 提高环境监察效能

介绍了自动监控网络系统的组成功能和特点，并结合实际工作的应用，阐述了现代化监控系统在环境监察管理中的作用，同时论述了运用现代化监控网络提高环境监察效能的重要性与必要性。     

吴晓青在环保科学技术奖评审会上指出办好环境科技奖推动环境科技发展

2007年度环境保护科学技术奖评审会于2007年7月19～20日在京召开。国家环保总局副局长、环境保护科学技术奖评审委员会主任吴晓青参加会议。他指出，要高度重视环境保护科技奖励工作，充分调动广大环境科学技术工作者的积极性和创造性，发挥环境科技在环保工作中的先导性、基础性、支撑性和保障性作用，真正把环境保护科学技术奖办成我国环保领域最为重要的奖项，     

浅论工程建设环境监理中的问题和建议

针对工程环境监理在实施过程中存在的一些问题，从加强理论技术方法研究、制定行业规范、人员培训、经验交流等方面提出几点建议，为工程建设环境监理工作提供借鉴。     

我国畜禽养殖业引致的环境问题及主要对策

在阐述目前畜禽养殖业引致的主要环境问题及其与可持续发展关系的基础上，从生态系统学的角度提出应强化规模化畜禽养殖废弃物的综合利用，开展固体废弃物和污水治理等相关领域的研究，进一步做好畜禽养殖污染防治工作，有效地保护和改善农村生态环境，以期促进畜禽养殖环境与经济的协调发展。     

Optimization of Height of Release of Air Pollutants

A number of key projects in the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) particulate R&;D program having applicability to industry are presented. For electrostatic precipitators (ESP) there is presented the result of work on large diameter discharge electrodes which provide a decrease in penetration of up to a factor of 4 when compared to conventional small diameter electrodes. Also discussed is the multistage ESP which provides a collection efficiency that would require a collecting plate area 4 or 5 times larger with conventional ESP technology. The E-SOX technology makes use of the multistage concept to free up space in the ESP for SO₂ removals of up to 90%. Electrostatically augmented fabric filtration provides a reduction in pressure drop of about 5 0% as compared to conventional fabric filtration. Wind tunnel modeling of windbreaks for material storage piles indicates a potential for providing engineering design data that would allow significant emission reduction caused by wind erosion     

Investigation of the characteristics of the reflectivity of clouds

This paper investigates some of the reflectivity characteristics that clouds (when modelled as solid bodies) must exhibit to be compatible with observations that the reflecting surface of a cloud (i) appears almost equally bright across its face, (ii) is brightest when the cloud is opposite to the Sun but decreases in brightness as the cloud moves to other positions and (iii) increases in brightness with increasing optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight. These observations, respectively, are shown to imply that the peak value of the bidirectional total reflectivity from a cloud surface (i) increases in inverse proportion to the cosine of the angle between the Sun and the normal to the cloud surface, as the incident angle increases, (ii) appears to be directed back in the direction of the incident radiation, and (iii) increases as optical thickness of the cloud in the observer's line of sight increases. The results could have application in many fields (e.g. modelling diffuse radiance distributions for cloudy skies).     

实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实施

在实施ISO／IEC17025：1999标准《检测和校准实验室能力的通用要求》过程中，通过实验室质量管理体系内部审核的实践与系统分析，识别出内部审核实施阶段的关键环节，提出召开首次会议、收集审核证据、确定审核发现和召开末次会议的技术方法，对提高内部审核的质量和有效性、获得可靠的审核结论具有重要意义。     

Estimation of uncertainty of sampling for analysis of pesticide residues

Abstract

A computer model was used to take random samples from primary sample populations obtained from field trials to simulate the uncertainty of sampling for residue analysis of plant commodities and soil. The results indicate about 40%, 30% and 20% relative uncertainty when random samples of size 5, 10 and 25 are taken respectively, from a single lot. Therefore the sample size should be the same for establishing and enforcing legal limits.     

扬中生态环境建设的思考与实践

结合扬中生态环境的基本情况和存在的不足，进行了具体分析，对扬中未来生态建设的发展方向提出了建议及实施措施。     

An application of the theory of kinematics of mixing to the study of tropospheric dispersion

The most common technique used for numerical simulations of tracer mixing is that of the numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation with the unresolved fluxes parameterized using the similarity theory. Despite correct predictions of the overall directions of transport, models based on a numerical solution of the advection–diffusion equation lack sufficient accuracy to correctly reproduce the coupling of mixing with small scale processes which are sensitive to the microstructure of the tracer distribution. The objective of this paper is to revisit the basic formalism employed in numerical models used to investigate atmospheric tracers. The main mathematical method proposed here is the theory of kinematics of mixing which could be applied effectively for simulations of atmospheric transport processes. At the beginning of the paper, we introduce simple mathematical transformations in order to demonstrate how complex topological structures are created by mixing processes. These idealistic flow systems are essential to explain transport properties of much more complex three-dimensional geophysical flows. An example of the application of the kinematics of mixing to the analysis of tracer transport on a planetary scale is presented in the following sections. The complex filamentary structures simulated in the numerical experiment are evaluated using some commonly applied statistical measures in order to compare the results with the data published in the literature. The results of the experiment are also analysed with the help of simple conceptual models of fluid filaments. The microstructure of the tracer distribution introduced in the paper is essential to increase our understanding of atmospheric transport and to develop more realistic parameterizations of small-scale mixing. The presented results could also be used to improve calculations of the coupling between microphysical processes and tracer mixing.     

次氯酸钠发生器的研制

介绍了电解法生产次氯酸钠的原理 ,并在原有生产工艺的基础上进行了重新设计和对设备的重新选择、改造 ,得出了各个工艺参数的最佳值 ,生产出高品质的次氯酸钠     

Comparison of methods for evaluation of activity of photocatalytic films

Objective

This work aims to investigate the correlation between the photocatalytic activity determined by methylene blue bleaching (DIN 52980), stearic acid degradation, and degradation of acetone in gas phase.

Method

The photocatalytic TiO₂ coatings included in this investigation ranged from thin commercially available coatings (Activ^TM and BioClean^TM) and ready to use suspensions (Nano-X PK1245) to lab-produced PVD and sol?Cgel coatings. XRD analysis of the photocatalytic coatings showed that all the coatings consisted of nanocrystalline anatase, although the thickness and porosity varied considerably.

Results

The study showed that the reproducibility of the activity measurements was good. However, more importantly, the investigation showed that there is a good correlation between the activities determined by the different methods even though the characteristics of the photocatalytic coatings and the organic probe molecules varied considerably.

Conclusion

The overall findings of this work suggest that there is a good correlation between the investigated methods. These results are promising for the future work concerning standardization of methods for determination of the activity of photocatalytic films.     

Impact of overexploitation of shellfish: northeastern coast of India

India has a very extensive coastline of about 7515 km, rich in diverse living resources. These resources continue to deteriorate with rampant harvesting or are altered for other uses such as aquaculture and fisheries. The present paper deals with degrading coastal habitats in northeastern India, and projects the intensity of the stress arising from the collection of tiger prawn seeds (Penaeus monodon) for aquacultural farms and molluskan shells for poultry feed and edible lime. Indiscriminate exploitation of these resources leads to a heavy reduction of the species concerned and other associated marine communities. The magnitude of such destruction has been quantified. The impacts of biodiversity loss and their after-effects on the ecobalance of this coastal system have become a matter of great concern to ecologists to maintain security and sustainability. The authors propose a public awareness program on themes relating to the importance of biodiversity for human livelihoods.