新生态MnO2吸附剂对酸性媒介染料废水脱色特性研究

本文主要报道了一种用于染料废水处理的新型材料即新生态MnO2 及其对三种酸性媒介染料染色废水的脱色作用及影响脱色效果的主要因素。研究结果表明 ,新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介染料的吸附能力很强 ,当染料浓度为2 0 0mg/L、pH <2时 ,其对酸性媒介黑T、酸性媒介绿G和酸性媒介黄GG的脱色率分别达 98.2 %、94.5 %和 96 .4%。染料吸附效果受体系pH值、MnO2 投加量、吸附时间及温度等因素的影响 ,其中pH值是最主要的影响因素。新生态MnO2 对酸性媒介黄GG的吸附作用符合Langmuir吸附等温式     

新生MnO2对水中酸性媒介深黄GG的吸附脱色作用

以化学法合成的新生MnO2作吸附，对水中酸性媒介深黄GG进行吸附脱色研究，探讨了影响吸附的因素，结果表明，该吸附剂在PH1．5以下，投加量为0.3mg/L，温度为15℃条件下，饱和吸附量达1320mg/g，脱色率达96％以上，具有很高的吸附脱色能力。PH值是能力吸附能力的关键因素，温度，染料浓度和MnO2投加量影响程度较小。     

高压电晕与臭氧联用对不同结构染料脱色效果的比较研究

比较研究了高压电晕与臭氧联用对活性艳红X-3B(单偶氮)、活性艳蓝X-BR(蒽醌)、活性黑KN-GRRC(双偶氮)、酸性红ARL(单偶氮)、酸性蓝BRL(蒽醌)、酸性橙AGT(双偶氮)和分散蓝2BLN(蒽醌)7种染料模拟废水的脱色效果.结果显示,酸性橙AGT模拟废水的脱色速度较慢,而其他6种染料在15 min内都能完全脱色,这表明染料结构本身的差异决定了脱色效果;活性染料模拟废水的脱色效果优于酸性染料;蒽醌染料和单偶氮染料模拟废水的脱色效果明显好于双偶氮染料.     

电化学方法用于酸性红B模拟废水脱色试验研究

本文研究了两种电极材料 (SnO2 Ti和RuO2 Ti)对酸性红B模拟废水的脱色效果 ,考察了不同 pH、电流密度(j)及外加电解质 (Na2 SO4/NaCl)对处理过程的影响。结果表明 ,两种电极材料都能对酸性红B染料废水进行有效脱色 ,主要是Cl-在电解过程中的间接氧化作用 ,同时也包括电极表面的直接氧化作用。     

沸石载体催化剂研制及其催化臭氧氧化染料废水的研究

以沸石为载体负载不同金属氧化物来制备催化剂,通过试验分析该催化剂催化臭氧氧化染料废水的效果及其影响因素。结果表明:(1)沸石对染料废水的吸附作用很小,总有机碳(TOC)去除率基本维持在3.2%左右,对于后期的试验可以忽略其影响。(2)以沸石作为载体制得的MnO2、Fe2O3、ZnO、CuO负载型催化剂(分别简写为MnO2/沸石、Fe2O3/沸石、ZnO/沸石、CuO/沸石),对臭氧氧化反应均有催化作用,其催化效果依次为MnO2/沸石Fe2O3/沸石ZnO/沸石CuO/沸石。同时,MnO2/沸石的重复使用率高。(3)MnO2/沸石催化臭氧氧化效率及重复使用率均优于以活性炭为载体的MnO2负载型催化剂。(4)臭氧氧化和MnO2/沸石催化臭氧氧化对染料的脱色率基本一致。MnO2/沸石催化臭氧氧化的TOC去除率比臭氧氧化提高较多,对染料废水有很好的处理效果。(5)以沸石为载体制得的负载型催化剂催化臭氧氧化实际染料废水的处理效果较好,具有较高的实用价值。     

TiO2镀膜电极光电催化降解酸性紫红

采用溶胶-凝胶法在钛片上涂覆TiO2薄膜为电极,自行设计组装光电催化反应器,对酸性紫红染料废水进行光电脱色处理,探讨了光电反应的协同性并研究了初始染料浓度、电压、pH和电解质浓度对脱色反应的影响。结果表明,光化学催化和电化学氧化具有协同效应,单一紫外光催化和单一电催化酸性紫红的脱色率分别为44.27%和13.12%,而光电催化(紫外、外加电压10 V)的脱色率达到77.18%。初始浓度较低、电压适中、pH偏碱性时,酸性紫红废水脱色率较高;电解质对脱色反应有促进作用,且浓度越高,酸性紫红脱色率越高。     

复合混凝剂处理染料废水的研究

分析酸性大红染料的结构与特点，进行各种混凝剂的筛选实验，配制FeSO4—MgSO4—Ca(OH)2—PAM复合混凝剂，并通过实验优化操作条件，实验结果表明，对COD=288．3mg／L、色度为25000倍的酸性大红GR实验废水，COD去除率可高达85．3％，最高脱色率可达97．4％，在脱色率达90％时，药剂费用为1．12元／t。     

NaClO催化氧化法对酸性大红3R废水的脱色降解

采用NaClO催化氧化法对酸性大红3R废水进行脱色降解,探讨了反应条件对出水脱色率和Ni2+溶出量的影响,分析了染料的降解机理.结果表明,该方法对染料的脱色效果优异,脱色率随着染料浓度的增加而降低,随着pH、有效氯和催化剂投加量的增加而升高.连续流实验的脱色率达到90％ 以上,运行约3000 min,催化剂没有出现失活...     

偶氮染料脱色菌Lysinibacillus sp. FS1的脱色性能

从佛山某工业园印染废水处理厂曝气池中,经梯度驯化筛选出一株对多种染料具有较强脱色能力的菌株FS1,通过16S rDNA基因序列分析初步鉴定为Lysinibacillus sp.,研究了该菌株在不同营养条件(氮源、碳源、碳源浓度),不同培养条件(pH、温度、供氧条件),不同染料(甲基橙、亚甲基蓝、中性红、酸性红B)和染料浓度下的脱色性能。结果表明,该菌株的最佳脱色条件:温度30~40℃,pH 7~9,氯化铵1 g/L, 葡萄糖2 g/L的厌氧条件下培养脱色效果最好,10 h时对酸性红B脱色率可达98.73%左右,且脱色过程符合一级反应动力学方程:-ln(At/A0)=0.0588t-0.0448。该菌株可降解多种染料,脱色率均随污染强度的升高先增大后减小,对高浓度染料和混合染料也表现出很好的脱色效果,是一株高效广谱的染料降解菌,具有处理印染废水的开发应用价值。     

电化学方法用于酸性红B模拟废水脱色试验研究

本文研究了两种电极材料（SnO2-Ti和RuO2-Ti和RuO2-Ti）对酸性红B模拟废水的脱色效果，考察了不同pH、电流密度（j）及外加电解质(NaSO4/NaCl）对处理过程的影响。结果表明，两种电极材料都能对酸性红B染料废水进行有色脱色，主要是Cl^-顺电解过程中的间接氧化作用，同时也包括电极表面的直接氧化作用。     

印染废水脱色技术与理论述评

文章介绍了印染废水典型脱色技术的现状和进展,并着重分析了各种脱色技术的脱色机制,突出了典型脱色技术中的理论因素,介绍并阐明了一些脱色理论新观点,如吸附剂改性增效原理、分子结构与絮凝效果的联系、小剂量氧化剂偶合絮凝、脱色菌的质粒对脱色率的影响等,并从工艺角度分析了各种脱色方法的应用.     

Decolorization of structurally different synthetic dyes using cobalt(II)/ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide system

The cobalt(II)/ascorbic acid/hydrogen peroxide system was used for decolorization of azo, acridine, anthraquinone, thiazine and triphenylmethane dyes. More than 90% decolorization was obtained with all dyes except Remazol Brilliant Blue R (75%). With other transition metals the system was less efficient. With copper, higher concentration and prolonged incubation time was necessary to obtain the same extent of decolorization. The rate of decolorizaton was not affected by pH in the range of 3-9. The reaction is very fast, with more than 90% decolorization being attained within 15 min. The system produces hydroxyl radicals which are responsible for the decolorization.     

优势菌处理印染废水的工艺及脱色机理研究

采用不完全厌氧－好氧工艺处理印染废水,工程运行前在水解池中投入了主要用于脱色的优势菌群,经３年多的运行,系统的脱色率均稳定在９０％以上。从池中取菌进行分离鉴定,并进行各单株菌脱色能力实验,对其中具有最佳脱色能力的菌株进行偶氮染料活性黑ＫＮＢ的脱色产物的化学分析,从而探讨水解池中染料的脱色机理。结果发现：分离到的１０株菌对试验染料有较好脱色效果,高效液相色谱检测发现产物只有苯胺类物质的存在。该菌的脱色作用主要是破坏了染料的发色基团——偶氮双键。     

Kinetics of chemical decolorization of the azo dye C.I. Reactive Orange 96 by sulfide

The mechanism of decolorization of azo dyes based on the extracellular chemical reduction with sulfide (H2S, HS-, S2-) was postulated for sulfate reducing environments. To design technical decolorization processes of textile wastewater treatment with sulfide produced by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB), kinetics is of great significance. Batch experiments were made in order to investigate the kinetics of abiotic decolorization of the reactive mono-azo dye C.I. Reactive Orange 96 (RO 96) with sulfide, with varying pH. The decolorization of RO 96 by sulfide under the exclusion of O2 corresponded to first-order kinetics with respect to both dye and sulfide concentration. The decolorization of RO 96 with sulfide at neutral pH (7.1) was advantageous compared with that at pH for 4.1, 6.3, and 6.5. This is attributed to an increase in the fraction of HS- of total sulfide species at neutral pH. The rate constants k for the decolorization at 37 degrees C were obtained as 0.01 for pH = 4.1, 0.06 for pH = 6.3, 0.08 for pH = 6.5, and 0.09 for pH = 7.1 in mM(-1) min(-1). The high rate constants for sulfide at pH 6.5-7.1 support that the decolorization through SRB (i.e. by bio-sulfide) can be effective in anaerobic bacterial systems with sulfate.     

Biological decolorization of reactive anthraquinone and phthalocyanine dyes under various oxidation-reduction conditions.

The decolorization of two anthraquinone dyes (Reactive Blue 4 [RB4] and Reactive Blue 19 [RB19]) and two phthalocyanine dyes (Reactive Blue 7 [RB7] and Reactive Blue 21 [RB21]) was investigated at an initial dye concentration of 300 mg/L using an unacclimated, enrichment culture. The culture was fed a mixture of organic compounds and maintained initially under aerobic conditions, and then progressively developed anoxic/ anaerobic conditions. Biotransformation-related decolorization of the dyes did not take place under aerobic conditions, but use of the feed organic mixture and biomass production by the enrichment culture were not affected. Complete ammonia removal occurred in the control and all dye-amended cultures. The development and extent of nitrification were much lower in the latter cultures, in which ammonia removal via air stripping was the dominant mechanism. Prolonged incubation of the culture under anoxic/anaerobic conditions with multiple carbon source additions resulted in a high decolorization extent of anthraquinone dyes (over 84%) and only partial decolorization of phthalocyanine dyes (49 to 66%). Development of significant methanogenic activity took place in the control and, to a lesser extent, in the two phthalocyanine dye-amended cultures, but the anthraquinone dyes severely inhibited the development of methanogenic activity. The RB4 and RB19 decolorization was attributed to nonreversible, microbially mediated dye transformation(s), demonstrated by the accumulation of decolorization products with absorbance maxima in the 420- to 460-nm region. The decolorization of RB4 and RB19 followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics. At an initial dye concentration of 300 mg/L, the observed maximum decolorization rate per unit biomass was 9.1 and 37.5 mg dye/mg volatile suspended solids x day for the RB4 and RB19, respectively. Thus, partial decolorization of reactive phthalocyanine dyes and extensive biological decolorization of reactive anthraquinone dyes is feasible only under anoxic/anaerobic conditions.     

Trametes sp.LS-10C漆酶对直接类偶氮染料的脱色作用

利用栓菌（Trametes sp.LS-10C）漆酶在单酶和漆酶-介体体系2种情况下对3种直接类偶氮染料进行脱色。结果表明,在给酶量为10 U·mL-1、染料浓度为100 mg·mL-1条件下反应24 h后,直接蓝86在非介体体系中脱色率达到71.2%,其最适脱色温度和pH范围分别为45~60℃和3.5~5.0;直接橙26在介体体系（10 μmol·L-1 ABTS）中脱色率达到78.7%,其最适脱色温度和pH范围分别为35~45℃和4.5~6.5;直接红31在介体体系（10 μmol·L-1 ABTS）中脱色率达到90.7%,其最适脱色温度和pH范围分别为35~45℃和3.5~5.0。     

高铁酸盐对活性及分散染料的脱色研究

采用湿法制备了高铁酸钾(K₂FeO₄)氧化剂,研究了其对染料活性艳红X-3B(X-3B) 和分散蓝2BLN(2BLN)在不同pH条件下的脱色效果,并对Al₂ (SO₄)₃、K₂FeO₄及O₃对活性及分散染料的脱色效果进行了比较。结果表明：高铁酸钾对活性及分散染料的脱色效果明显, X-3B脱色率随pH的增加不断提高,2BLN脱色率在pH 6～10范围内无明显变化,在pH＝5时达到最大值。在X-3B及2BLN浓度同为100 mg／L,pH分别为10、5, K₂FeO₄浓度分别为100 mg／L和200 mg／L时,BLN及X-3B的脱色率分别达到92.3％和87.3％。在相同条件下,K₂FeO₄对活性艳红X-3B的脱色效果好于Al₂(SO₄)₃和O₃; 而K₂FeO₄对分散蓝2BLN的脱色效果虽比Al₂ (SO₄)₃稍差,但比臭氧的脱色效果要好。同时还研究了K₂FeO₄对活性及分散染料的脱色机理,结果表明： 高铁酸钾对X-3B的脱色依赖于K₂FeO₄的氧化作用,而对的2BLN的脱色则以絮凝为主。     

Highly efficient decolorization of Malachite Green by a novel Micrococcus sp. strain BD15

Purpose

Malachite Green (MG) is used for a variety of applications but is also known to be carcinogenic and mutagenic. In this study, a novel Micrococcus sp. (strain BD15) was observed to efficiently decolorize MG. The purposes of this study were to explore the optimal conditions for decolorization and to evaluate the potential use of this strain for MG decolorization.

Methods

Optical microscope and UV?Cvisible analyses were carried out to determine whether the decolorization was due to biosorption or biodegradation. A Plackett?CBurman design was employed to investigate the effect of various parameters on decolorization, and response surface methodology was then used to explore the optimal decolorization conditions. Kinetics analysis and antimicrobial activity tests were also performed.

Results

The results indicated that the decolorization by the strain was mainly due to biodegradation. Concentrations of MG, urea, and yeast extract and inoculum size had significantly positive effects on MG decolorization, while concentrations of CuCl₂ and MgCl₂, and temperature had significantly negative effects. The interaction between different parameters could significantly affect decolorization, and the optimal conditions for decolorization were 1.0 g/L urea, 0.9 g/L yeast extract, 100 mg/L MG, 0.1 g/L inoculums (dry weight), and incubation at 25.2°C. Under the optimal conditions, 96.9% of MG was removed by the strain within 1 h, which represents highly efficient microbial decolorization. Moreover, the kinetic data for decolorization fit a second-order model well, and the strain showed a good MG detoxification capability.

Conclusion

Based on the results of this study, we propose Micrococcus sp. strain BD15 as an excellent candidate strain for MG removal from wastewater.     

Biodegradation mechanisms and kinetics of azo dye 4BS by a microbial consortium

A microbial consortium consisting of a white-rot fungus 8-4* and a Pseudomonas 1-10 was isolated from wastewater treatment facilities of a local dyeing house by enrichment, using azo dye Direct Fast Scarlet 4BS as the sole source of carbon and energy, which had a high capacity for rapid decolorization of 4BS. To elucidate the decolorization mechanisms, decolorization of 4BS was compared between individual strains and the microbial consortium under different treatment processes. The microbial consortium showed a significant improvement on dye decolorization rates under either static or shaking culture, which might be attributed to the synergetic reaction of single strains. From the curve of COD values and the UV-visible spectra of 4BS solutions before and after decolorization cultivation with the microbial consortium, it was found that 4BS could be mineralized completely, and the results had been used for presuming the degrading pathway of 4BS. This study also examined the kinetics of 4BS decolorization by immobilized microbial consortium. The results demonstrated that the optimal decolorization activity was observed in pH range between four and 9, temperature range between 20 and 40 degrees C and the maximal specific decolorization rate occurred at 1,000 mg l(-1) of 4BS. The proliferation and distribution of microbial consortium were also microscopically observed, which further confirmed the decolorization mechanisms of 4BS.     

Microbial decolorization of synthetic dyes and reactive dyes of industrial effluents by using a novel fungus Aspergillus proliferans

A decolorizing fungal strain was isolated and identified by the morphology and genotypic characterization as Aspergillus proliferans. The effect of A. proliferans on decolorization of synthetic dyes (70 mg ml(-1)) and colored effluent was evaluated in liquid culture medium. A. proliferans expressed their effective decolorization activity in effectual decolorization of synthetic dyes and industrial effluent. Synthetic dyes were decolorized by 76 to 89% within 6 days of treatment and 73.5% of color was removed in industrial effluent within 8 days. The addition of optimum carbon and nitrogen sources were effectively stimulated the decolorization activity. The high concentration of glucose repressed the decolorization activity and supplementation of yeast extract has significantly enhanced the effluent decolorization at p < 0.05. Laccase enzyme was isolated from liquid state fermentation, which showed significant enzyme activity (10,200 Uml(-1)) at p < 0.005. The crude enzyme decolorizes the dyes aniline blue and congo red in 14 hours (40.9 to 70%) and the effluent in 14 hours (88.6%). Moreover, the culture free supernatant without the fungal biomass has also effectively decolorized the effluent and synthetic dyes. The fungi Aspergillus proliferans was used not only for decolorization but also for better bioremediation of industrial effluent.