Preparation of TiO2/Ti mesh photoelectrode and properties

An innovative photoelectrode,TiO2/Ti mesh electrode,was prepared by anodisation.In anodisation,0.5 mol/L H2SO4 was used as electrolytic solution,the current had been constantly 1A from the beginning of the oxidation until reaching a designed voltage.Results showed that the photocatalytic activity of electrode was better when the designed voltage was 160 V.The morphology and the crystalline texture of the TiO2 film on mesh electrode were examined by scanning electronic microseopy and Raman spectruscopy respectively.The examination results indicated that the structure and properties of the film depended on anodisation rate,and the anatase was the dominant component under the eontrolled experimental conditions.Degradation of Rhodamine B in photocatalytic (PC)and photoelectrocatalytic(PEC) reaction was investigated.     

网状Ti/TiO2电极光电催化氧化若丹明B

用阳极氧化法制备出一种网状Ti/TiO₂电极,扫描电镜和拉曼光谱对电极表面TiO₂膜的形貌和晶体结构的检测结果表明:膜的结构和性能受阳极氧化过程中氧化速率的影响,在控制实验条件下,锐钛型TiO₂是其主要结晶形态.若丹明B的光电催化降解和光催化降解的实验结果表明:外加偏压可以有效地提高有机物的光催化降解效率.TOC的测定结果显示,在光电催化氧化过程中,若丹明B几乎完全矿化.若丹明B在光电催化降解过程中,生色基团的破坏与脱乙基作用同时发生.     

Photoelectrocatalytic degradation of Rose Bengal

An innovative photoelectrode, TiO2/T1 mesh electrode, was prepared by galvanostaticanodisation. The morphology and the crystalline texture of the TiO2 film on mesh electrode were examined by scanning electronic microscopy and Raman spectroscopy respectively. The examination results indicated that the structure and properties of the film depended on anodisation rate, and the anatase was the dominant component under the controlled experimental conditions. Degradation of Rose Bengal (RB) in photocatalytic (PC) and photoelectrocatalytic (PEC) reaction was investigated, the results demonstrated that electric biasing could improve the efficiency of photecatalytic reaction. The measurement results of TOC in photoelectrocatalytic degradation showed that the mineralisation of RB was complete relatively. The comparison between the degradation efficiency of RB in PEC process and that in aqueous TiO2 dispersion was conducted. The results showed that the apparent first-order rate constant of RB degradation in PEC process was larger than that in aqueous dispersion with 0.1%--0.3% TiO2 powder, but was smaller than that in aaueaus disverslon with 1.0% TiO2.     

CdS/TiO2复合半导体薄膜的制备及其光催化性能

以微弧氧化法制备出锐钛矿型TiO₂,进而以化学水浴法沉积CdS,通过调控时间,制备CdS/TiO₂复合半导体薄膜. X射线检测表明,微弧氧化所制备的TiO₂为锐钛矿结构, 化学水浴法制备的CdS主要以离子离子的方式沉积在TiO₂薄膜上. SEM及可见光催化降解亚甲基蓝的试验表明,沉积时间为15 min的复合半导体薄膜上的CdS粒子呈圆球形、单层孤立、均匀地分散在TiO₂表面,绝大多数粒子的粒径在nm级别,分布比较均匀,对亚甲基蓝有着较好的光催化性能,与TiO₂薄膜相比,复合半导体薄膜的光催化性能有很大的提高. 结合光催化评价结果,对复合半导体薄膜的光催化剂机制进行了讨论.      

纳米TiO_2膜的制备及其光催化性能

采用溶胶 凝胶法(Sol Gel)制备了负载型纳米TiO2膜,分别考察了原料配比、pH值、煅烧温度对薄膜性质的影响,并利用XRD对其结构进行了表征,同时,用负载型TiO2膜对活性艳红X 3B(X 3B)模拟染料废水进行了微波辅助光催化脱色的研究。结果表明,改变原料配比及pH值可以制备出不同粒径的纳米TiO2膜,在450℃煅烧时TiO2呈锐态矿结构,在650℃以上出现锐态矿与金红石混晶结构,750℃时完全转变为金红石结构。所制得的纳米TiO2薄膜对X 3B具有较好的光催化活性。     

TiO_2/Ti薄膜电极制备和光电催化降解罗丹明B的研究

以TA1钛合金为原料采用阳极氧化法制备新型薄膜电极 -TiO2 Ti电极 ,运用X射线衍射法、扫描电镜对电极表面膜的粒径、物相进行了表征。结果表明 ,控制反应条件 ,薄膜中二氧化钛晶型以锐钛矿型为主 ,粒径 45～ 5 0nm ,将其应用于光催化氧化水中的罗丹明B ,该电极对其降解有很好的光催化活性 ,同时 ,外加一定的偏压可以提高光催化氧化的效率     

纳米TiO2对气相中甲醛光催化降解的研究

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了掺杂金属离子的纳米TiO₂光催化剂,运用透射电镜和X射线衍射手段对催化剂的结构进行了表征,并将制备的光催化剂负载于不锈钢丝网、玻璃弹簧和泡沫镍板3种不同载体上,以室内空气典型污染物甲醛气体为模型反应物,研究了3种不同改性纳米TiO₂光催化剂对甲醛气体的光催化作用,3种光催化反应器的催化效率以及环境因素对光催化效率的影响,同时考察了催化剂的失活特征.结果表明:该负载型纳米TiO₂光催化剂具有较高的光催化活性,其中掺镧1.5%(质量分数)的TiO₂对甲醛的降解率最高,60 min达到91.5%,大于掺铁和掺银;泡沫镍板作为负载载体的光催化效率大于玻璃弹簧和不锈钢丝网;循环风量和不同波长紫外光对该光催化反应影响不大,反应中催化剂存在失活现象,但在清洁后能够恢复.      

Fe3+、Ce3+掺杂TiO2光催化降解气相二苯并呋喃

以气相二苯并呋喃为研究对象,考察了在TiO2、Ce3+/TiO2和Fe3+/TiO2 3种不同光催化剂作用下,反应物初始浓度、湿度、气体循环速率和光强等因素对间歇式光催化反应速率的影响,并建立了估算和测定二苯并呋喃光催化反应常数和Langmuir吸附常数的数学模型和方法.结果表明,Fe3+和Ce3+掺杂修饰TiO2光催化剂后,提高了对二苯并呋喃的光催化降解活性,其中Fe3+/TiO2光催化活性最高;随着二苯并呋喃初始浓度的增大,其光催化降解速率也随之增大;适量的水蒸气存在可以促进二苯并呋喃的降解,但当水蒸气过量后,反而阻碍二苯并呋喃光催化降解;随着气体循环速率加快和光强的增大,二苯并呋喃光催化降解初始速率也随之增大;TiO2、Ce3+/TiO2和Fe3+/TiO2光催化降解二苯并呋喃反应速率常数k分别为34.54×10-5、36.23×10-5和37.95×10-4mg.(min.m2)-1.     

Photocatalytic performance and dispersion stability of nanodispersed TiO2 hydrosol in electrolyte solutions with different cations

The existence of electrolytes in aquatic environment on the photocatalytic performance and coagulation of nanodispersed TiO₂ hydrosol and the corresponding photocatalytic alteration were investigated by studying cations (Na⁺, K⁺, Ca ²⁺, Mg²⁺, and Al³⁺). The photocatalysis reactions of nano TiO₂ with different dosages of electrolytes were measured by monitoring the degradation of Rhodamine B (RhB) under ultraviolet A (UV-A) irradiation over time. The results showed that the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ was improved by the presence of Al³⁺, while the performance was impaired by the other tested cations. The negative influences of divalent ions on the photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ were more significant than monovalent ions. The TiO₂ sol dispersed stable at nano scale at low concentration of electrolyte (< 0.01?mol/L) with slight change of pH, and coagulated into micro sizes at high concentration of electrolytes (> 0.1?mol/L) with larger increase or decrease of pH. The positive effects of Al³⁺ on the photodegradation rate of RhB might relate to the strong hydrolytic action of Al³⁺ in aquatic solutions. The photocatalytic processes of TiO₂ in the presence of all ions followed the Langmuir-Hinshelwood model, and the reaction kinetic constant was increased with the decrease of pH caused by different cations. These work suggested a new perspective about the relationship between coagulation and photocatalytic performance of TiO₂ hydrosols in electrolyte with hydrolysable cations, which demonstrated that TiO₂ hydrosols may be suitable as photocatalysts in aquatic environments.     

二氧化钛光催化降解处理氨氮废水

介绍了用TiO₂和活性组分A复合在砖块颗粒上的(TiO₂+A)催化剂的制备,用(TiO₂+A)催化剂对氨氮废水进行了降解实验研究,并且对降解过程中的反应动力学进行了探讨.结果表明:(TiO₂+A)催化剂对模拟氨氮废水的处理效果好,当反应时间为24 h时,氨氮的去除率可达95%以上;光催化氧化反应为一级反应;以砖块颗粒为载体(TiO₂+A)催化剂的光催化活性高,不流失,制作简单.对某化肥厂氨氮废水降解实验表明,8 h内可使ρ(氨氮)从238 mg/L降至8 mg/L,降解率达97%.      

负载型纳米TiO2/AC对偶氮染料的光催化降解研究

以钛酸四丁酯和粒状活性炭(AC)为主要原料,采用溶胶-凝胶-浸渍法制备出负载型纳米TiO2/AC催化剂.在流化床反应器中分别对2种典型的偶氮类染料橙黄G、活性艳红X-3B模拟废水进行了光催化降解研究,探讨了pH值、外加氧化剂对光催化降解率的影响,并对催化剂进行了回收再生利用试验.结果表明,TiO2/AC催化剂具有良好的光催化活性、吸附特性及可再生性,60 min后对2种染料反应的光催化降解率分别可达到99.71%和97 12%,反应180 min后的TOC去除率分别达到81.54%和81.99%;反应后TiO2/AC催化剂回收率大于95%,经焙烧再生后对橙黄G反应60 min的光催化降解率仍高达95.93%.     

纳米TiO2/硅藻土光催化降解蒽醌染料废水的研究

为提高光催化剂的稳定性,选取硅藻土为载体,以钛酸四异丙酯为前驱物,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了TiO2/硅藻土光催化剂,并利用XRD、SEM、FT-IR等技术对其进行表征.以蒽醌染料弱酸性艳蓝RAW为目标降解物,考察了TiO2/硅藻土的光催化活性、最佳pH值范围及催化剂重复使用对光催化活性的影响.结果表明,所制备的TiO2为锐钛矿和金红石混晶型,平均粒径11nm,通过控制硅藻土加入量可以得到负载均匀的光催化剂.所制备的TiO2/硅藻土具有较强的光催化活性,对弱酸性艳蓝RAW的降解效果好于商品Degussa P25型TiO2,最佳pH值为4.0.该催化剂性质稳定,重复使用15次后,催化活性仅降低12.4%.     

微波干燥制备Ag/TiO2的光催化活性试验研究

利用钛酸丁酯溶胶—凝胶法制备TiO2凝胶,通过光化学沉积法在TiO2凝胶表面负载Ag,采用微波对凝胶进行干燥制备TiO2光催化剂。以甲基橙为模拟污染物进行光催化降解试验,结果表明该方法制备的Ag/TiO2催化剂光催化活性明显提高。     

载银TiO_2光催化剂的合成及活性研究

以钛酸四正丁酯为起始原料,采用溶胶-微波法合成出TiO2纳米粒子,借助XRD、UV-Vis吸收光谱等测试手段对其进行了表征,并以罗丹明B为模型污染物考察了酸水比、微波反应温度和微波反应时间等因素对样品光催化性能的影响。结果表明,溶胶-微波法制备TiO2的最佳工艺条件为:酸水比7:1,微波反应温度150℃,反应时间8min。以最佳工艺条件下制备的TiO2为原料,采用光还原法成功制备出载Ag纳米TiO(2摩尔比为1:1),将该光催化剂置于自然光下用于采油厂工业废水的处理,太阳光下照射10h,COD去除率达到92.35%。     

Effect of crystalline structure on terbuthylazine degradation by H2O2-assisted TiO2 photocatalysis under visible irradiation

Various methods for shifting the optical response of TiO₂ into the visible (Vis) range have been reported. Herein, we reported the application of a TiO₂/H₂O₂/Vis process and the effects of TiO2 crystalline structure on the degradation of terbuthylazine. The results indicated that TiO₂ crystalline structure and H₂O₂ addition had significant effects on terbuthylazine degradation: its degradation rate could be increased from 7% to 70% with H₂O₂ addition after 180?min of reaction, the synergistic degradation of terbuthylazine by TiO₂-Fe^{3 +} was substantially accelerated, with the degradation rate reaching up to 100% after 20?min of reaction, and rutile TiO₂ showed better photocatalytic activity and a more obvious synergistic effect than anatase TiO₂. The addition of free-radical scavengers (tert-butyl alcohol or methanol) inhibited the degradation efficiency of rutile TiO₂, but had a relatively minor effect on anatase TiO₂. Fluorescence spectrophotometry analysis indicated that hydroxyl free radicals could be continuously produced when using rutile TiO₂ as the photocatalyst. Degradation of terbuthylazine catalyzed by rutile TiO₂ occurred mainly in solution, but occurred on the particle surface of the photocatalyst when catalyzed by anatase TiO₂. This study provides new insight into the role of TiO₂ crystalline structure on the degradation of terbuthylazine and its photocatalytic degradation mechanism.     

铁、锌、铁酸锌掺杂对纳米级二氧化钛光催化降解罗丹明B活性的影响

通过溶胶 凝胶法合成了掺杂Fe3+ 、Zn2 + 、ZnFe2 O4的纳米级TiO2 ,并进行了XRD、TEM表征 ,对罗丹明B的光催化实验表明 ,ZnFe2 O4的掺杂能明显提高TiO2 的光催化活性 ,而Zn2 + 的掺杂对TiO2 的光催化活性影响不大 ,Fe3+ 的掺杂则使TiO2 的光催化活性降低。     

Fulvic acid removal by nanoparticle TiO2 using a submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor

The degradation of fulvic acid（FA） by nanoparticle TiO2 in a submerged membrane photocatalysis（SMPC） reactor was studied. In this reactor, photocatalytic oxidation and membrane separation co-occured. The continuous air supplier provided O2 for the photocatalytical reaction and mixed the solution through an airflow controller. The particle TiO2 could automatically settle due to gravity without particle agglomeration so it could be easily separated by microfiltration（MF） membrane. It was efficient to maintain high flux of membranes. The effects of operational parameters on the photocatalytic oxidation rate of FA were investigated. Results indicated that photocatalyst at 0.5 g/L and airflow at 0.06 m^3/h were the optimum condition for the removal of fulvic acid, the removal efficiency was higher in acid media than that in alkaline media. The effects of different filtration duration on permeate flux rate of MF with P25 powder and with nanoparticle TiO2 were compared. Experimental results indicated that the permeate flux rate of MF was improved and the membrane fouling phenomenon was reduced with the addition of nanoparticle TiO2 catalyst compared with conventional P25 powder. Therefore, this submerged membrane photocatalysis reactor can faciliate potential application of photocatalytic oxidation process in drinking water treatment.     

Charge transfer between biogenic jarosite derived Fe~(3+) and TiO_2 enhances visible light photocatalytic activity of TiO_2

In this work, we have shown that mining waste derived Fe~(3+)can be used to enhance the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2. This will allow us to harness a waste product from the mines, and utilize it to enhance TiO_2 photocatalytic waste water treatment efficiency. An organic linker mediated route was utilized to create a composite of TiO_2 and biogenic jarosite. Evidence of Fe\O\Ti bonding in the TiO_2/jarosite composite was apparent from the FTIR, EFTEM, EELS and ELNEFS analysis. The as prepared material showed enhanced photocatalytic activity compared to pristine TiO_2, biogenic jarosite and mechanically mixed sample of jarosite and TiO_2 under both simulated and natural solar irradiation. The prepared material can reduce the electrical energy consumption by 4 times compared to pristine P25 for degradation of organic pollutant in water. The material also showed good recyclability. Results obtained from sedimentation experiments showed that the larger sized jarosite material provided the surface to TiO_2 nanoparticles, which increases the settling rate of the materials. This allowed simple and efficient recovery of the catalyst from the reaction system after completion of photocatalysis. Enhanced photocatalytic activity of the composite material was due to effective charge transfer between TiO_2 and jarosite derived Fe~(3+)as was shown from the EELS and ELNEFS. Generation of OHU was supported by photoluminesence(PL) experiments.     

Ag/TiO2光催化降解H酸的研究

采用光化学沉积法制备了Ag TiO2 光催化剂 ,并对典型难生物降解的有机污染物H酸进行了光催化降解研究。结果表明 ,质量分数 1 0 %担载量的Ag能显著提高TiO2 光催化活性 ,可在较短时间内实现对H酸较高的降解效率     

TiO2纳米孔阵列光催化废水燃料电池的性能研究

以模拟有机废水和实际有机废水为研究对象,以TiO2纳米孔阵列电极作光阳极,金属铂黑做阴极,设计了一种光催化废水燃料电池(PFC),用于有机废水处理和废水有机物化学能的综合利用.论文考查了不同实验条件下组成的电池体系的性能,表明基于TiO2纳米孔阵列光阳极的光催化废水燃料电池既能处理废水又能够表现出良好的电池性能,如以0.05mol/L乙酸为底物的光催化废水燃料电池,其开路电压1.16V,短路电流1.28mA/cm2,最大输出功率密度0.28mW/cm2.